Change Management For Building Information Modelling (BIM)

Prepared by:Abdul Aziz Abbas

Nur Ilylia Iryani Mohamed NasirAnis Mardhiah Mukhtar

Nor Yatini Isa

Contents Introduction

Benefits of BIM

Barriers of BIM Implementation

Case Study: BIM Implementation in Kwasaland

Case Study: Strategies to overcome the barriers

Conclusion & Recommendations

Introduction

Building Information Modeling is a process, that involves an

integration of the various project participants at various levels.

What is BIM?

BIM APPROACHTRADITIONAL APPROACH

Traditional vs. BIM

What is BIM?

“Building Information Modeling (BIM) is a digital representation of physical and functional

characteristics of a facility. BIM is a shared knowledge resource for information about a facility

forming a reliable basis for decisions during its life-cycle; defined as existing from earliest conception

to demolition.”

The National Building Information Model Standard Project Committee (March, 2012)

minimizes risk and promote quality

Staub-French & Khanzode (2007)

3D & 4D ModelingBIM

will be accepted as

industry copes with realities of tight labor

market

minimizes risk and

promotes quality • eliminate field

interferences

• less rework

• increased

productivity

• fewer RFI

• fewer change orders

• less cost growth

• decrease

construction to

facility turnover

BIM – PROJECT LIFE CYCLE

Intelligent design information in 3D – ‘model-based process’; building will be built virtually

before physical building is constructed

Contractor’s Guide to BIM – Edition One AGC of America

2007

New technology and new way of working, beginning to make

an impact to construction industry (has been used for a while in manufacturing & engineering industries)

At a strategic level, BIM addresses many of the industries failures:

waste reduction, value creation while

improving productivity.

Provides a common single and coordinated source of structured information to support all parties involved in the delivery process -design,

construct, operation – reducing loss of information

BIM can be used to demonstrate the entire building lifecycle from

construction through to facility operation.

Contains representations of the actual parts and pieces

- includes building shape, design and construction

time, costs, physical performance, logistics and

more

WHAT IS BIM

?

New working

practices Technolo

gy

Quality Improves quality

process reliability timeliness

consistency

What is BIM?

Lack of project co-ordination

Time & Costover-runs

Manual bill of quantities or no integration

No accuracy in Job Costing & Budgeting

Not feasible to integrate with facility management applications and preventive, corrective maintenance

Further investment

needed for data procurement &

incurring cost per year

MAJOR ISSUES IN A CONSTRUCTION PROJECT

IPD

- B

IM

Del

iver

able

s

• 3D modelling & Outputs • Clash detection• Clash Resolution• Quantity take off • 2D Extraction• Construction simulation – 4D &

5D • Facility Management Solutions

To provide IPD (Integrated Project Delivery) using BIM technology to manage and

maintain projects effectively

BIM IPD

Construction Simulation

Video

Benefits of BIM

1. Better outcomes through collaboration

4. Greater predictability

5. Faster project delivery - Time savings

6. Reduced safety risk

7. Fits first time

8. Reduced waste

Benefits of BIM2. Enhanced & optimized performance

3. Optimized solutions


2. Enhanced & optimized performance





7. Fits first time

8. Reduced waste

Benefits of BIM All project partners – uses a single, shared 3D model, cultivating collaborative working relationships.

This ensures everyone is focused on achieving best value, from project inception to eventual decommissioning.



BIM makes possible swift and accurate comparison of different design options.

enabling development of more efficient, cost-effective and sustainable solutions.





7. Fits first time

8. Reduced waste

Benefits of BIM

Benefits of BIM1. Better outcomes through collaboration




7. Fits first time

8. Reduced waste

Through deployment of new generative modeling technologies, solutions can be cost-effectively optimized against agreed parameters.






7. Fits first time

8. Reduced waste

Projects can be visualized at an early stage - giving owners and operators a clear idea of design intent and allowing them to modify the design to achieve the outcomes they want.

In advance of construction, BIM also enables the project team to ‘build’ the project in a virtual environment, rehearsing complex procedures, optimizing temporary works designs and planning procurement of materials, equipment and manpower.




Benefits of BIM

Benefits of BIM




7. Fits first time

8. Reduced waste

Agreeing the design concept early in project development to eliminate late stage design changes;

Using standard design elements when practicable;

Resolving complex construction details before the project goes on site;

Avoiding clashes; Taking advantage of

intelligence and automation within the model to check design integrity and estimate quantities;

Producing fabrication and construction drawings from the model; and

Using data to control construction equipment.




Benefits of BIM




7. Fits first time

8. Reduced waste

Crowd behavior and fire modeling capability enable designs to be optimized for public safety.

Asset managers can use the 3D model to enhance operational safety.

Contractors can minimize construction risks by reviewing complex details or procedures before going on site.




Benefits of BIM




7. Fits first time

8. Reduced waste

Integrating multidisciplinary design inputs using a single 3D model allows

interface issues to be identified and resolved in advance of construction

eliminating the cost and time impacts of redesign.

The model also enables new and existing assets to be integrated seamlessly.




Benefits of BIM




7. Fits first time

8. Reduced waste

Exact quantity take-offs mean that materials are not over-ordered.

Precise programme scheduling enables just-in-time delivery of materials and equipment, reducing potential for damage.

Use of BIM for automated fabrication of equipment and components enables more efficient materials handling and waste recovery.




Five Top-Rated Positive Impacts of BIM

Metrics for the Impact of BIM on Cost. Schedule, RFIs and Safety

BIM : RETURN ON INVESTMENT

Respondent Type

% Rating High or Very

HighImproved Constructability of Final Design

Contractors

74%

Increased Owner’s Understanding of Proposed Design Solutions

Owners 73%

Improved Quality / Function of Final Design

Engineers 71%

Generated Better Construction Documents

Owners 70%

Improved Ability to PlanConstruction Phasing and Logistics

Owners 70%

Source : Dodge Data & Analytics – Smart Market ReportPublished on 2015 in Associate with Building Smart Alliance

Barriers of BIM Implementation

The effective implementation and use of BIM remains a major issue for the construction industry. Whilst the technology underpinning BIM

has been around for well over a decade BIM implementation and take-up has been

relatively slow in the construction industry compared to industries such as

manufacturing and engineering.(Smith, 2014)

lack of client demand

BIM

BIM application among designers was limited

LackQualifiedStaff

Caroline T. W. Chan (2014)

Hong Kong Experience

LackTrainingsEducation

government should collaborate with industry, professional bodies and education institutes to establish clear standards and guidance on BIM

Government

Hong Kong Government to implement BIM in all public housing projects starting from 2014

lack of standards

1. High cost to implement BIM

2. IT availability (software, hardware, computer)

3. Require Time for training and implementing BIM

4. Readiness organization to change

5. Lack of knowledge in BIM

6. New technology require expertise and training.

7. Lack of information about benefits of BIM

(Ismail, 2014)

Malaysia ContextBarriers of BIM implementation

(IEM, 2014)

Malaysia ContextBarriers of BIM implementation

Case Study

Project Details

SCOPE OF SERVICES PMC SERVICES ( BIM COMPLIANCE)PROJECT DESCRIPTION COMMON INFRASTRUCTURE (2,330 ACRES) SG BULOHCOMMON INFRA COST RM1 BILLIONIMPLEMENTATION PERIOD 5 YEARS (Excl DLP)SCHEDULED OF DEV STAGES 1, 2 AND 3 STAGES

PMC With BIM capability Initiated 2014

Implementation of project with BIM 2015

KwasaLand Initiated 2011

2D Design 2012 – 2014 (conventional)

LTSAAS

SUBANG BISTARI DEVELOPMENT

KOTA DAMANSARA DEVELOPMENT

SUBANG PERDANA

SG BULOH

DAMANSARA

Jln Sg Buloh – Shah Alam

North-South Highway

Location Plan

ARA DAMANSARA

Jln Subang

To Ipoh To JB

To Airport

To Shah Alam

N

KWASA DAMANSARA DEVELOPMENT

2,320Ac

1. Secretary2. Clerk / Doc Controller

F/T

Const. Eng. (C&S)TBN

F/T Const. Eng. (M&E)TBN

F/T Arch. Manager TBN

F/T

Project DirectorTBN

TBN

Construction Managem

ent D

esign Managem

ent O

verall Managem

ent

3rd Party Works1. Soil

Investigation2. Topographical

survey

KWASA LAND

Specialist Consultant

PMC

1. Planner 2. Cost Manager3. QA/QC &

Manager4. EIA / EMP5. GBI

6. Infra. Engineer7. Structure

Engineer8. Geotech

Engineer9. M&E Engineer10. Interface /

Integrated

Head Office Support

Project Manager

Construction ManagerCivil / Structure / Arch

F/T

BIM Manager (Interface)

TBNLandscape

TBN TBN

Contracts ManagerTBN

Cost Manager / QS

Planning Control Management

Doc ControlTBN

Planning ManagerTBN

SchedulerTBN

Contracts Management

TBNQuality

Manager

Technical Management

Sr. Engineers & Sub - Professional Support

Civil Manager

TBN

Electrical

TBN

TBN

Geotechnical

DespatchSecretary / Clerk

Document Controller

Engineering

TBNTBN

L’scape Manager

Mechanical

TBN

Asst. Project Manager (M&E)

F/T

Interface Management

With BIM

TBN

F/T

TBN

Asst. Project Manager (C&S)

F/T

ORGANISATION CHART

M&E Manager

TBN

InfrastructuresTBN

Structural

BIM Manager TBN

F/T

Project AimThe development carries the promise of a sustainable community

township that focuses on 4 Key Components: Green Township, Connectivity, Inclusivity and Regional Commercial

Centre.

BIMs are ultimately developed to operate the facility after construction completion.

The models will be utilized during the construction stage to monitor;

• work progress • identify conflicts prior to construction

• manage logistics

Project initially implemented using Non-BIM

BIM

BIM application among designers was limited (Critical @ time of implementation)

LackQualifiedStaff

LackTrainingsEducation

Client Initiative

lack of standards[Uses BIM execution planTechnology transfer from foreign]

On the work Workshops (Consultants & Contractors)[Technology transfer from foreign experience]

Employment of BIM foreign expertsWith local inputs

Project Experience

Design Coordination: Using Clash Detection software during

coordination process to determine field conflicts by

comparing 3D models of building systems.

Design Authoring: BIM software is used to incorporate

design intent input documentation, metadata and

other requirements and translating them into a comprehensive BIM.

As-Built Modeling: A process used to depict

an accurate representation of the

actual condition of the Building in BIM

Site Utilization Planning: Using

construction simulation based

modeling to represent both permanent and

temporary facilities on site and related

construction activities

4D Modeling: Using 4D modeling (3D

models with added dimension of time) to

effectively plan phased occupancy in a renovation, retrofit, addition, or to show

the construction sequence and space requirements on a

building site.

Existing Conditions Modeling: Project team develops BIM to reflect existing

conditions on site, including location of facilities, graded levels etc.

BIM uses in Kwasala

nd Proje

ct

Level of Involvement

Interacts on a regular basis to assess various BIM processes and deliverables

Site Monitoring Frequency

Construction Simulation (based on contractors approved

programme)

2D Design Drawings

from Client3D Modelling

Clash Analysis & Detection

Produce Clash Reports to Identify/ Specify all Clashes

Resolve all Clashes

Deliverable 1

Deliverable 2

Deliverable 3

3D Design Drawings

from Client

BIM Coordination With Consultants

A

B

Deliverable 4Construction

Phase

Deliverable 5 FM Management

As Built Model

BIM Process Flow

Enhanced & Optimized Performance & Solutions:

Easier & more accurate comparison on design options as

well as using clash detection software to mitigate possible

issues – cost effective

Better outcome through collaboration: collaborative working relationship between

consultants, client and contractors – better

understanding of design intent

Fits First Time:

Reduced Safety Risks: safety preventive

methods being deployed during early stage

Greater Predictability:

better visualization by using 4D modeling

(3D models with added dimension of time) - effectively

plan complex procedures,

optimizing temporary works designs and

planning procurement of materials,

equipment and manpower.

Faster Project Delivery: Less design issues by early coordination & using standard detailing (where possible)

BIM benefits

in Kwasala

nd Proje

ct

Reduce Waste:

CLASH COORDINATIONPIPE WORK CLASH WITH CABLE TRAYS

CLASH COORDINATIONDRAINAGE CLASH WITH STRUCTURAL SLAB

CLASH COORDINATIONDRAINAGE CLASH WITH STRUCTURAL BEAMS

CLASH COORDINATIONDRAINAGE CLASH WITH PILE CAP FOUNDATION

BIM DELIVERABLES2D EXTRACTION

3D MODEL

2D LAYOUT

QUANTITY TAKE-OFF

CROSS REFERENCEBOQ

Raft Slab Concrete Quantities

BIM DELIVERABLES

BIM DELIVERABLESINTEGRATION WITH FM TOOLS

Knowledge: Basic IT knowledge (basic 3D) and BIM knowledge in

various stakeholders – consultants & contractors

Cost: Initial capital to be utilized

No precedent studies: The process of BIM

implementation is at learning stage –

trial and error

Issues on liabilities: during transfer of

information between designers and

contractors (different stages)

Awareness: understanding on the importance of BIM –

initiated by PMC, without prior

awareness from Kwasa Damansara’s BOD

(need to be convinced)

Application of BIM Management: Issues

during initial coordination for pre,

during & post construction

Barriers &

Challenges in

Kwasaland

Project

Transfer of Technology: Need

to refer consultants from overseas to train, having workshops

etc

Case Study:Strategies to Overcome Barriers

(IEM, 2014)

Malaysia Context – Steps to increase pace of BIM

The Main Question is HOW?

CHANGE MANAGEMENT

Change Management The set of tools, processes,

skills and principles for managing the people side of change to achieve the required outcomes of the project or initiative.

Strategic change become necessary when opportunities or threats arise in the following main areas:

Environment Diversification

Technology People

People in Change ManagementOrganizatio

n

Team

Me

• How does change impact people across the organization?

• How do we make this work for all of us?

• How does each one show up (Acceptance, fear, anger, resistance)

• What can I do to help them cope?

• How do I show up?• Can I cope?• What do I need to help me cope?

CHANGE

AGENT

Change ManagementStrategy Tools

Situational

Awareness

• Understand the change and who is impacted. i.e : Change characteristics, impacted group, organizational attributes

Supporting

Structures

• Team and sponsor structures

Strategy Analysis

• Risk, resistance and special tactic

Formulating the change management strategy is the first critical step in implementing a change management methodology.

The strategy provide direction and results in informed decision making throughout the change process.

A well formulated strategy really brings the project or change to life, describing who and how it will impact the organization.

Change Management ProcessUNFREEZING CHANGING REFREEZING

LEWIN’s Change

Management Model

Make sure the change stick as part of the new

routine

Kotter’s 8 Steps Change Management Model

Possible barriers to Change

Barriers to

Change

Culture

Developmental

Psychological

Social

Evaluation of a Change Strategy

Determine objectives

Describe Objectives

Measure effects

Establish baseline points

Control Extraneous

factors

Detect unanticipated consequences

Strategies to overcome the barriers

Change Agent PMC

Establish Urgency Powerful Coalition Remove Obstacles Create Vision

Communicate Vision

Create Quick WinsBuild on the Change Make it Stick

• Importance of coordinating for FM

• Request from the client

• PMC initiated coalition between consultants, specialists and contractors

• Create awareness in BIM implementation

• Training given to stakeholders (staff, contractors, clients, LA)

• Highlighting advantages of BIM (time, cost, quality)

• Consistent monitoring – meeting & updates to obtain similar goals

• Establish sequence

• Visualization prior to implementation (at different stages)

• Trial and error – learning curve

• Practice makes perfect

• Continuous improvements

Conclusion & Recommendations

Conclusion

• BIM is an important management tool in mitigating most construction issues

• BIM is seen to be a technology that might be mandatory implementation in the construction industry in Malaysia

Thank you

Change Management For Building Information Modelling (BIM)

Engineering

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