Change In The US As A Result of Land Acquisitions

Economic Differences and ExpansionLead to Conflict

• Beginning with the purchase of the Louisiana Territory the precedent was set for future land acquisitions

• Jefferson secured control of the Mississippi River for transportation that allowed the west to expand

• It also created more government owned land available for purchase by settlers

Democracy Spreads As New Territories Become States

• It allowed more men to be able to vote• Qualifications to vote changed

Andrew Jackson Elected President

• First to be elected from the West• A democrat• First to be nominated in a national nominating

convention• Favored the “spoils system” which allowed men

to be appointed to government positions as a reward for their support but he argued it allowed more people to be a part of the government

• He was a man most common men could relate with

Voting Requirements in the Early 19c

Voter Turnout: 1820 - 1860

What accounts for the increase in number of voters in the 1820s and 1830s?

• More men were becoming property owners

• Many states dropped the property requirement for being eligible to vote

• All white males could now vote• Some African Americans who owned

land were even allowed to vote.

Andrew Jackson as

President

Who Backed Him?

• The planter elite in the South• People on the frontier• State politicians (because of the

spoils system)• Immigrants in the city• The “Common Man”

1832 Tariff Conflict1828 --> “Tariff of

Abomination”1832 --> new tariffSouth Carolina’s

reaction? Refused to pay it

Jackson’s response? Threatened federal force

Clay’s “Compromise” Tariff?

• South Carolina responded by taking back their nullification of the tariff BUT not the right of a state to nullify an act of Congress

• Significance – The immediate threat to the Union was averted.

Indian RemovalJackson’s Goal?1830 Indian Removal ActCherokee Nation v. GA (1831)

* “domestic dependent nation”

Worcester v. GA (1832)Jackson:

John Marshall has made his decision, now let him enforce it!

The Cherokee Nation After

1820

Indian Removal

Trail of Tears (1838-1839)

3- Sectional Differences

EconomyLeader

__________Role of

Government

NORTHEAST• Business and Manufacturing

• Daniel Webster____________

• Wanted Tariffs• Backed internal

improvements• Wanted end to

cheap public land

• Increasingly nationalistic

• Against Slavery and believed the U.S. Govt. must

abolish it.

SOUTH• Cotton growing• John C. Calhoun_____________• Opposed tariffs and government

spending on American

System• Increasingly supportive of states’ rights

• Pro-slavery and opposed any

steps of the U.S. Govt. to try and

abolish it.

EconomyLeader

__________Role of

Government

WEST• Frontier agriculture

• Henry Clay_____________• Supported

internal improvements • Wanted cheap

land• Loyal to the

U.S. Govt.• Against slavery

but some supported letting the

people decide the slavery issue

EconomyLeader

__________Role of

Government

ALL OF THESE THINGS ALONG WITH DISAGREEMENTS OVER THE EXPANSION OF THE INSTITUTION OF SLAVERY WOULD ULTIMATELY THREATEN NATIONAL UNITY IN THE CIVIL WAR