Chandigarh Workshop on Historic Urban Landscape Management December 2007 Brigitte Bariol ( Epures...
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Transcript of Chandigarh Workshop on Historic Urban Landscape Management December 2007 Brigitte Bariol ( Epures...
ChandigarhWorkshop on Historic Urban Landscape Management
December 2007
Brigitte Bariol ( Epures urban planning public agency of Saint-Etienne / Firminy urban area)
Le Corbusier’s heritage in Firminyurban management
-Firminy : Le Corbusier’s heritage and urban management-institutions and history- the buildings - urban project and heritage management
-Saint-Etienne Métropole : territorial strategy based upon heritage of industry and modernity
- heritage strategy in town planning - culture tourism and economic development
summary
Firminy Le Corbusier’s heritage
Territory
Industrial territory from 19th and 20th centuries with a rural hinterland
Local Authorities
Firminy Community 20,000 inhabitantsSaint-Etienne Metropole urban area 400,000 inhabitantsLyon St-Etienne metropolitan area 3,000,000 inhabitantsRhône-Alpes Région 6,000,000 inhabitants
Epures, urban planning public agency of the urban area (working with institutional partners on planning and territorial development issues)
Firminy and Saint-Etienne Metropole
Firminy is the story of the meeting of two men: Le Corbusier and Eugène Claudius Petit, French Minister of reconstruction and Mayor of Firminy (1953– 1965)
Firminy’s History
© FLC
The most important Le Corbusier’s works collection in Europe
Firminy’s History
Civic center :- Cultural Center (Maison de la Culture)- Sports Stadium- Saint-Pierre’s Church
1 Dwelling Unit (Unité d’Habitation )
Edifices for human main functions : living, spirit ad body culture, sacred things
Firminy-Vert : 4,000 inhabitants district designed from the Charter of Athens (CIAM) principles by four young town planners
Firminy’s History
Firminy’s History
Firminy’s History
Le Corbusier’s buildings
1954 Le Corbusier’s project for a Cultural Center1965 Inauguration of the Cultural Center by Le Corbusier
Listed as historical monumentThe Cultural Center is still used as a concert hall,
theater, auditorium, dance and plastic arts space, music school, as well as for exhibits and congresses…
2007 Project to run a section into tourist information spaces
The Maison de la Culture (Cultural Center)
© FLC © FLC © FLC
1954 Le Corbusier’s project for a sports Stadium in front of the Cultural Center
1968 Inauguration of the Stadium
The Stadium still operates (4000 seats)
The sports Stadium
© FLC
1961 Le Corbusier started the project for a catholic church 1965 Le Corbusier died
1970’s Beginning of the constructionThe concrete basis is builtFinancial problems stopped the constructionSubscription attempted to fund the church completion
1996 The unachieved church is listed as Historical Monument
Saint-Pierre Church
© FLC
2001 New municipal team elected in Firminy Both Firminy community and Saint-Etienne Metropole urban
district decided to lead a development project based upon Le Corbusier’ heritage
2002 Saint-Etienne Metropole financed the church’s completion, supported by the French government, Europe and all local authorities
Jose Oubrerie, architect of Le Corbusier’s studio was nominated architect
Saint-Pierre Church
2006 Saint-Pierre church’s inauguration The edifice gathers
upper level : the church ground level : permanent exhibit for the
Saint-Etienne Modern Art Museum (Le Corbusier’s paintings, furniture and buildings models)
Saint-Pierre Church
1959 Le Corbusier’s project for 3 Dwelling Unit at Firminy 1967 The Dwelling Unit’s opening
a vertical garden-city of 400 apartments for underprivileged people and a school on the roof
1983 Half of the apartments were vacant and the school was closed. Inhabitants mobilized to preserve the unit
1984 Listed as Historical monument
The Dwelling Unit (Unité d’Habitation)
The Dwelling Unit (Unité d’Habitation)
2003 Project for Dwelling Unit’s renovation a new original program
Rental dwellings (60%), current renters can buy their apartments at a low price, some apartments are sold to private investors, hotel rooms are reserved for tourists, the school on the roof is used for exhibits
The Dwelling Unit (Unité d’Habitation)
Firminy Urban Project and Management
2003 Local authorities decided to prepare a candidacy to UNESCO World Heritage with help of Roger Aujame, architect who worked with Le Corbusier and UNESCO
The main ideas was to recognize and value the architectural heritage of Le Corbusier and Firminy Vert as a living district implementing the Athens Charter ideas
The application to UNESCO’s List Inscription
UNESCO’s List Inscription application
ZPPAUP Firminy Vert Heritage Management Plan
Firminy Master Plan
Saint-Etienne Métropoleterritorial strategy based
on industrial and modernityheritage
Saint-Etienne Métropole Heritage Management
Saint-Etienne urban area : rich industrial and modern heritage of 19th and 20thcentury
factories, housing buildings…
A threatened heritage with many abandoned industrial zones and demolished building
Territorial development plan for regeneration and new urban developments
The occasion to launch an heritage management system - Knowledge (inventories and studies)- Projects of regeneration- Education ( consulting)
Localization of exceptional sites, remarkable sites, and sites to monitor
Saint-Etienne Métropole Heritage Management
Heritage interest
•Historical interest
•Architectural interest
•Landscape interest
•Urban interest
•Symbolic interest
Usage interest
•Built-up Condition
•Durability/Stability
•Reuse potential
Critères d’évaluation
Heritage knowledge: Marking and description of buildings and sites on a Geographical Information System (GIS)
Saint-Etienne Métropole Heritage Management
Duralex Glass-worksRive de Gier
For example: Site offering a high heritage interest and restoration potential, but in bad condition and therefore a demolition risk
Saint-Etienne Métropole Heritage Management
Economic strategy based upon research in Design and creative technolgies
Urban projects on industrial ancient site’s reconversionSaint-Etienne Design Center built in ancient munition factory
Mining Museum and park built in the ancient mine shaft
Saint-Etienne Métropole urban and economic strategy
Every year : 100,000 visitors in Firminy
Saint-Etienne Metropole’s tourism strategy:Firminy an emblematic tourist site
The promotion of the urban area as a tourist place based upon modernity, industrial heritage and design
- Le Corbusier in Firminy- Museums in Saint-Etienne- Cultural events (design exhibits, urban festival...)
Culture and Tourism
Lyon / Saint-Etienne metropolitan area : a network of modern heritage : “utopias made real”Famous 20th century architects’ works
- Le Corbusier’s work at Firminy and La Tourette - Tony Garnier’s works at Lyon
Culture and Tourism
Integrated policies of heritage, urban planning, culture and tourism
Partnership of all local authorities and the french governement for the project success: Firminy community, Saint-Etienne Metropole district, Rhone Alpes Region
conclusion
Firminy and Chandigarh Two main Le Corbusier heritage’s sites in the world
Monumental heritage but also “living cities” who need to both preserve the spirit of the Charter of Athens heritage and to change with social economic and urban evolutions (way of life, housing, sustainable development, …)
With unesco ‘s inscriptionthe opportunity ofcooperation on the same issues
Firminy and Chandigarh