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Oklahoma Books

Propaganda for War: the Campaign

Against American Neutrality, 1914-17, by

H. C. Peterson . University of OklahomaPress, 1939 .

$3 .00 .

I N 1934, the Senate MunitionsInquiry prompted a public demand forneutrality legislation which would guar-antee our keeping out of what appeared tobe imminent war . The Nye CommitteeReport reviewed not only the role of themunition makers in the period before ourentrance into the World War but alsoreviewed the question of how we cameto enter the war . The question, thus re-opened, received the attention of a veri-table flood of scholarly books tracing indetail the events and factors which led toour declaration of war .

In his Propaganda for War ProfessorH. C. Peterson, assistant professor of his-tory in the University of Oklahoma, hascarried this study to a new field. He hasmade a careful and revealing study ofthe efforts of the British Government andBritish citizens to win the sympathies ofthe American public, of American busi-ness and of our government .

As the author points out, "the strug-gle between weary old England and bois-terous new Germany readily adapted it-self to the stereotype of virtue versus in-iquity ." Thus, as the American publicwas bombarded by propaganda from boththe Allies and the Central Powers it wasthe former that had the edge from thestart . The author clearly shows that "la-borious handling, or dullness" on the partof the German propagandists and theadroitness of the British, coupled with thenatural (and cultivated) sympathy ofAmericans for Britain, were strong pointsin making British propaganda almost un-believably effective .

Providing American producers with analmost unlimited market and at the sametime, through its blockade destroying theGerman market, England had an excellenteconomic base for a propaganda setup .Through the floating of loans in theUnited States and the sale of bonds toAmericans, British economic propagandawas made even more effective .

With the social elite strongly pro-Brit-ish, with business interests tied with Brit-ish economics, with the professors and theclergymen Anglophile, with some Ameri-can diplomatic representatives more Brit-ish than American, with such leaders ofAmerican thought as Roosevelt and some ofWilson's advisers sympathetic, the Britishpropagandist worked in a most propitiousclimate . But, even so, the propagandamachine would not have been so success-ful if it had not been so thoroughly or-ganized and so well financed .

Dr. H. C. Peterson

The author has described in detail theworkings of the propaganda mill . Hehas pointed out most clearly the tech-niques used to secure the desired results .He has called attention to the fact thatthe best British propagandists were thenative Americans, who unwittingly orwittingly advanced the Allied cause . Hehas carefully studied the British capacityto understand American psychology-anunderstanding which added to the successof the campaign .

For the first time, this volume revealsthe facts concerning the British campaignof propaganda as the story is unfolded inthe "American Press Resume" preparedby the British Foreign Office for the useof the British cabinet . This publication,together with the "Daily Review of theForeign Press," reveals not only Ameri-can reaction to the Allied cause but alsosets forth in detail the efforts made onthe part of the British to further theirpurpose of securing not only a friend inthe United States but, if possible, an allyas well . In the use of these documents, notgenerally available to the scholar and no-where published, the author has made hisgreat contribution to a realistic study ofthe behind-the-scenes events which led toour participation in the war .Mr. Peterson has written a scholarly

and carefully-documented book . He hasbeen penetrating in his analysis . He hasspared no effort to make his volume pre-cise and accurate . And in doing this, hehas rendered a signal service not only toscholars but also to the layman, who istoday so troubled over American foreignpolicy .

THE SOONER MAGAZINE

Perhaps it is because of his stereotypes,but this reviewer finds that three criti-cisms of the book are in order : First : Theauthor has taken the Nye Committee Re-port too much at its face value . He hasnot been as penetrating in his appraisalof that report as he has of other sources .At times he appears to have wanted tobelieve some of the theories and question-able facts there included . Second : Nodoubt recoiling from British propagandain an effort to keep his balance, the au-thor has swung too far in his criticism ofWoodrow Wilson . He would have onebelieve that Wilson was decidedly parti-san from the outbreak of the war and healmost leads one to conclude that the pres-ident maliciously plotted with our ene-mies to secure our entrance . His chapteron the Wilson administration is the weakpoint in the book. Third: This reviewercannot agree with Dr . Peterson's appraisalof the uprightness, the objectivity, theimpartiality of William Randolph Hearst .The author appears almost naive in hisacceptance of Mr. Hearst's boasts of neu-trality and impartiality .

The bases of these criticisms in no waydestroy the value of the book . It is a firstrate contribution to American history anddiplomacy . To all who would be onguard, the book must be commended.-ROYDEN DANGERFIELD.

Boomer-Sooner: A Life Story, by H. G.(Teen) Cook . Co-operative Books, Norman,Oklahoma, 1.939 . Fifty cents .

This first publication of Co-operativeBooks, a pamphlet publishing enterpriseorganized by Winifred Johnston of Nor-man, is a lively and lusty account of pi-oneer days in Oklahoma, written by aman who in one way or another partici-pated in every Oklahoma run and open-ing .

It was chosen as the first number ofthe new pamphlet series because of itstimely value on the fiftieth anniversaryof the opening of Oklahoma Territory,and because of its lasting interest as theautobiography of an Oklahoma pioneer .Boomer-Sooncr entirely fulfills the edi-

tor's objective of selecting works thatposses the personality and flavor of in-dividual style, as well as social significance

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and timeliness. Mr. Cook tells his storywith a profusion of lively incidents andcolorful detail . The book is of particularinterest to O. U. alumni since Mr . Cooklived for many years in Norman and senthis five sons and daughters to the Uni-versity .

One of the first orders for this bookcame from George B . Parker, '08, editor-in-chief of Scripps-Howard newspapersnow living in Washington, D . C., wholived in the Cook home in Norman whileattending the University .

General response to the pamphlet seriesidea seems to indicate that the plan issound . Three titles are scheduled forpublication this year . Advance orders al-ready are coming in for the Paul Ander-son memorial, Where Is There Another?

The pamphlet series is printed by theNorman Transcript Press .

Distinction for WhitehandAmerican Nocturne, a short story by

Robert Whitehand, '33, young instructorin drama in the University, has beennamed one of the fifty best Americanshort stories by Edward J. O'Brien, liter-ary critic whose annual short fiction an-thologies are popular with the readingpublic .The story, which has been reprinted

many times since its first appearance inAmerican Prefaces, University of Iowaliterary quarterly, will be included inO'Brien's forthcoming volume, The BestAmerican Short Stories .

The critic's volume, Best Short Storiesof 1936, was dedicated to Whitehand as themost promising young writer of that year .

Sooner writersStewart Harral, '36ma, assistant pro-

fessor of journalism and director of theUniversity news service, has written anarticle on "The University and Its PressRegulations" which has been accepted forpublication in the Journal of Higher Edu-cation . . . . An article by Dr. Charles M .Perry, head of the University philosophydepartment, on the theory of the late Al-fred H. Lloyd, American philosopher, hasbeen published in Philosophia, "a maga-zine of all languages" printed in Jugo-slavia .An article by Roland Hinds, '36ma,

member of the faculty of Duncan JuniorCollege, appeared in the current issue ofChronicles of Oklahoma, published by theOklahoma Historical Society . The articletells about the Christianizing and educa-tion of the Creek Indians . . . . An articleby Dr. Homer L. Dodge, dean of theGraduate School, on "The Training ofCollege and University Teachers" waspublished in a recent issue of School andSociety, weekly educational publication .

Two articles by Grace E . Ray, '20, '23ma, assistant professor of journalism, havebeen accepted for publication by nationalmagazines .

OKLAHOMA

UNIVERSITY

BOOK EXCHANGE

Books of Interestto Oklahomans

1 .

Propaganda for War

This new book from the Universityof Oklahoma Press, by H . C . Peter-son of the history faculty, describesin accurate detail the campaignagainst American neutrality in1914-17. Orders for this book arecoming in from all over the countrysince reviewers have spoken sohighly of it. Burton Rascoe says,"contains information of highestimportance to all Americans . . .shows the subtle, ingenious, nefari-ous ways by which we were broughtinto the World War, and should putus on our guard against being drag-ged into another ."

$3.00

2.Boomer-Sooner

This is the life story of H . G . (Teen)Cook, and is the first number inSeries I of Cooperative Books, Nor-man. An Oklahoma pioneer tells hisown story in his own lively style . 50c

3.

Toward a DimensionalRealism

A significant book by Dr . CharlesM. Perry, head of the UniversityPhilosophy Department, publishedby the University Press . Of specialinterest to students of philosophy,theology and biology, as well as allwho are concerned with present so-cial conflicts . A graphic statementof the relation of ideologies to oneanother .

$2.50

THE UNIVERSITY BOOK EXCHANGEUNION BUILDING

NORMAN, OKLAHOMA

Charles Miles, '22, Manager

Please send me postpaid number

of the books listed above . I am enclosing

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ADDRESS

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