Challenging Disability: An Inclusive, Experiential, and Multivalent Birth Center

8/17/2019 Challenging Disability: An Inclusive, Experiential, and Multivalent Birth Center

1/103

Fgn``kheohe Aosncoòty2 Nh Ohfùsovk, Kxpkrokhn`,

nha Mu`vn`kht Cortg Fkhtkr

Fgrostipgkr S . Ckfdkr

Mnstkr il Nrfgotkfturk

Mny 3:, 3:><

Cistih Nrfgotkfturn` Fi``kek

Antk il Lohn` Skvokw2

Akfkmckr >:, 3:>;

Aorkftir il Qgksos2

Onh L. Qnckrhkr, NON

Qgksos Navosir2

M. Sussk` Lkàmnh, NON

Nutgir‟s Voehnturk2

Fgrostipgkr S. Ckfdkr

Aksoeh Frofs2

Cic Gsouhe Anhn Siwnh

Mirros Qy`kr Crokh Cndkr

Gynfohtg Bigh Nrtgur FigkhAnvoa Vo`vkrmnh Vnrng Indks

Fòkht Kxpkrt2 Ko`kkh Nmy, SH

Vtrufturn` Fihsu`tnht2 Nmor Mksenr, Z.K.

Mkfgnhofn` Fihsu`tnht2 Crufk MnfSotfgok, Z.K.


2/103

Qnc`k il Fihtkhts

Akaofnih ...........................................................................;

Npprkfonih ........................................................................;

Coiernpgofn` Hitk ................................................................;

QGKVOV OHQSIA[FQOIHFgn``kheohe Aosncoòty ..........................................................5

Aosncoòty nha tgk Zkrsih .....................................................5

Qkfghiìey nha tgk Zkrsih .................................................5

Nuxoònry Noa ........................................................................?

Lrim Zristgkfs ti Coihofs .................................................?

Nrfgotkfturn` Noas ..............................................................>>

Mnosih n Ciraknux ............................................................>>

Fihvkhihn` .....................................................................>6

[hovkrsn ̀ ............................................................................>6

Mu`vn`kht ........................................................................>6

ZSIESNM OHQSIA[FQOIH

Mntkrhoty & Cortg Fkhtkr...................................................>;

Uimnh oh @ncir ................................................................>;

Ugnt Uimkh Unht Ugo`k Cortgohe... ................................><

Qgk Mkaofn` Miak`............................................................>5

Znkht Fkhtkrka Fnrk .......................................................>5

Zriernm Skquorkmkhts .....................................................>7

OHQSIA[FQIS_ SK\OKU

Zrkòmohnry Vpnfk Zriernm ...............................................>?Zrkòmohnry Votk Nhn`ysos ...................................................3:

Ohtriauftiry Skvokw ..........................................................36

ZSK@OMOHNS_ AKVOEH SK\OKU

Zrkòmohnry Aksoeh Skvokw ................................................3<

Forfu`nih .........................................................................6:

Zriernm Nabnfkhfy............................................................6:

Frof Fimmkhts ................................................................6>

VFGKMNQOF AKVOEH SK\OKU

Vfgkmnf Aksoeh Skvokw ..................................................66

Nrfgotkfturn` Lnfoòtntirs....................................................61

Fkhtkrohe Zrkehnhfy .........................................................6;

L`kxoc`k Vpnfks ..................................................................65

Zrkòmohnry Vystkms ..........................................................65

3


3/103

AKVOEH AK\K@IZMKHQ SK\OKU

Aksoeh Akvkìpmkht Skvokw .............................................6?

LOHN@ AKVOEH

Lohn` Aksoeh Skvokw ...........................................................13

Fihfùaohe Skmnrds ..........................................................16

Votk @ifnih ......................................................................11

Votk Z`nh .............................................................................1;

Votk Nffkssocoòty ................................................................1;

Mntkrhoty Fkhtkr - @ihe Vkfih .......................................1<

Cortg Fkhtkr - Viutg K`kvnih ...........................................15

Cortg Fkhtkr - @ihe Vkfih ................................................17

Mntkrhoty Fkhtkr - Lìir Z`nhs ..........................................;:

Mntkrhoty Fkhtkr - Skfkpih ............................................;:

Mntkrhoty Fkhtkr - Zkrspkfvks .......................................;3

Cortg Fkhtkr - Vkfihs .......................................................;1

Cortg Fkhtkr - Lìir Z`nhs ..................................................;;

Cortgohe Giusk ...................................................................;<

Ohtkroir Mntkron`s ..............................................................;<

Gyaritgkrnpy oh Fgoàcortg ................................................;5

Vtrufturn` Vystkms .............................................................;?

Votk Vustnohncoòty ..............................................................;?

Vustnohnc`k Mkfgnhofn` Vystkms .......................................

QGKVOV ZSIZIVN@

Fgn``kheohe Aosncoòty ........................................................::

Sksumk ............................................................................>:6

Kxnmohohe Qgk Fihtkht \nòaoty il tgk

Cortgohe [hot ....................................................................>:1

Gyaritgkrnpy Aurohe @ncir nha Cortg .............................>:<

Frknhe n Ckkr Cortg Khvorihmkht ...............................>>3

6

http://-/?-http://-/?-http://-/?-http://-/?-http://-/?-http://-/?-http://-/?-http://-/?-http://-/?-http://-/?-http://-/?-


4/103

1


5/103

Coiernpgofn` HitkMy lnmo`y nha O òvk oh Mk`risk, Mnssnfgusks.

Iroeohn``y lrim Zkhhsy`vnhon, O mkt my wolk Ckhotn

Vnmuk` nt Fn`voh Fi``kek oh Ernha Snpoas, Mofgoenh.

Mnrroka oh 3::7, O trnvk`ka lir tgk rst mk ti Ohaon

ti skk Ckhotn‟s gimk nt tgk Gomn`nynh liitgo``s

wgkrk sgk erkw up nmihe stuakhts nha kàkrs nt

tgk Vgnrp Mkmiron` Vfgii` lir tgk Còha, Ohaon‟s

rst sfgii` lir tgk còha. Lir tgk pnst skvkrn` yknrs

O gnvk ckkh wirdohe lir tgk Fimmihwkn`tg il

Mnssnfgusks ti khsurk tgnt priernms, skrvofks,

nha lnfoòks nrk ohfùsovk nha nffkssoc`k.

Akaofnih

Npprkfonih

Qgos tgksos wird os akaofntka ti my fiusoh Zgo`òp

Gktmnh wgi oh tgos yknr wkht gimk ti ck wotg iur

@ira Bksus. Zgo` òvka n rkmnrdnc`k òlk il 37 yknrs

il wgofg hi pgysofn`, sifon`, ir ntuaohn` cnrrokrs

kvkr ivkrfnmk tgk ̀ ivk nha gnppohkss wotg wgofggk sgnrka ti n`` tgisk wgi dhkw gom. O rksi`vk ti

hkvkr lirekt tgk ̀ kssihs oh pnkhfk, ̀ ihe sukrohe,

nha khtgusonsm lir òlk tgnt Zgo` ompnrtka ti mk.

O n`si wnht ti akaofntk tgos wird ti my lnmo`y

wgi gns khfiurneka mk tgriueg tgos simkmks

erukòhe vk yknr biurhky. Ckhotn nha Eonhhn,

tgnhd yiu lir yiur ìvk nha khfiurnekmkht.

Qgnhds nrk nppriprontk ti tgisk wgi gk`pka mk

put tgos tgksos tiektgkr, ohfùaohe Ko`kkh Nmy wgi

privoaka mk wotg kxpkrt fgoà cortgohe dhiw`kaek,

my fiwirdkrs Zi``y Uk`fg nha Kmmnhuk` Nharnak

wgi privoaka khfiurnekmkht nha froquk, Suss

Lkàmnh wgi privoaka kxfk``kht navofk ns Qgksos

Navosir, nha ti my stuaoi-mntks Anh nha Vumntg

wgi n`wnys fnmk wotg ohtkrkst nha tgiuegu`

sueeksihs. O n`si wnht ti tgnhd tgisk wgi

privoaka spkfon` suppirt ivkr tgk yknrs ohfùaohe

my pnrkhts, Onoh Ugookà, nha Gipk FgrosnhFgurfg.

;


6/103

Rnf \nwtkr sfn`ks tgk

>:6-Vtiry Uo``os Qiwkr oh

Fgofnei wotg tgk gk`p il n

moha fihtri``ka coihof ̀ ke.

Loe. > Cronh Dkrsky. Ih`ohk Viurfk2 Guhetih Zist. gp2//www.guhetihpist.fim/3:>6

/:?/3


7/103

Fgn``kheohe Aosncoòty

Ugnt os mknht cy Fgn``kheohe Aosncoòty9 Qgk

tkrm os quotk ̀ inaka wotg mnhy pissoc`k mknhohes.

Fgn``kheohe Aosncoòty os nciut rk-kxnmohohe iur

uhakrstnhaohe il wgnt aosncoòty os, wgkrk nha wgy

ot iffurs, nha giw nrfgotkfturk oh pnrfu`nr gns nri`k ti p`ny oh giw wk pkrfkovk aosncoòty.

Aosncoòty nha tgk Zkrsih

Ikh, ot os aofu`t lir pkip`k ti skk pnst aosncoòty

ti n pkrsihs ksskhn` sk`l. Zkip`k wgi stuay

aosncoòty sueekst aosncoòty os mirk n fimcohnih

il sifon`, piòfn`, kfihimof, nha pgysofn`

khvorihmkhts tgnt aosfromohntk tgnh ot os si`k`y

nciut n pkrsihs mkaofn` hkkas ir ciao`y stntk. Qgos

gns priliuha ompòfnihs lir nrfgotkfturn` prnffk.

Oh irakr ti privoak n mirk ohfùsovk khvorihmkht,

nrfgotkfts nha aksoehkrs must n`wnys fihsoakr tgk

aovkrsk eriup il pkip`k tgky nrk aksoehohe lir si ns

hit ti uhwohe`y kxfùak nhyihk lrim sifokty.

Qkfghiìey nha tgk Zkrsih

Lrim mkaofn` omp`nhts ti mico`k pgihks,tkfghiìey os fgnheohe giw wk ckgnvk ns gumnh

pkrsihs. Qkfghiìey os n`si fgnheohe giw wk

icskrvk aosnc`ka ciaoks. Qgk opgihk wotg ot‟s mnhy

fnpncoòks gns mnak hnvoenih mufg knsokr lir

pkrsihs wgi nrk còha. Qgk ohtkernih il ricif

pristgkfs wotg hkrvius systkm oh tgk gumnh ciay

gnvk n`ìwka pkip`k ti wn`d, ruh, nha anhfk wgkrk

tgky ihfk fiuà hit. Qkfghiìey os ohfrknsohe`y

ohtkerntka wotg tgk gumnh ciay, nfhe ns

prkfkakht lir giw nrfgotkfturk fnh n`si fihtrocutk

ti tgk gumnh pkrsih.

5


8/103

Loe. 3 Qip @k. Nutgir

uhdhiwh. Ihòhk

Viurfk2 gp2//

www.mkanuaoi.ru/

nrf`ks/3;)

Loe. 6 Qip Soegt.

Nutgir uhdhiwh.

Ihòhk Viurfk2 gps2//

fimmihs.wodomkaon.

ire/wodo/Lo`k2MnanmkY

akYMkurih.bpe

(nffksska Hivkmckr3:>;)

Loe. 1 Ciim @k.

Ohvkhtir2 Vtkpgnhk

Ckanra nha Zokrrk-

Iòvokr Siy. Ihòhk

Viurfk2 gp2//www.

eiie`k.fim/pntkhts/

[V3::1:>>>>;)

Loe. ; Ciim Soegt.

Bnmks Aufnh Anvoasih.

Ihòhk Viurfk2 gps2//

www.cistiheìck.

fim/òlksty`k/

hnmks/3:>1/:6/>?/

pgitis-naronhhk-

gns`kt-anvos-anhfks-

rgumcn-tka-fihlkrkhfk/BAi@c1EC\mlAC33Nnu

;)

7


9/103

Nuxoònry Noa

Nh nuxoònry noa gk`ps n pkrsih wotg simk

ompnormkht khbiy nha pnrfopntk kqun``y oh

kvkryany nfvoks. Qgk gknrohe noa os n fimmih

nuxoònry noa wgofg gns ckkh uska oh ihk lirm

ir nhitgkr lir fkhturoks. Ikh nuxoònry noas

nrk aksoehka ti ck goaakh. Giwkvkr, oh tgk pnst

nha prkskht, tgky gnvk n`si ckkh tgiuegu``y

lnsgoihka ti naa ti ihk‟s sty`k nha pkrsihn.

Ot os hit n`wnys hkfkssnry ti goak nrfgotkfturn`

noas tgnt nssost pkrsihs wotg aosncoòks. Hir os

ot hkfkssnry lir tgksk akvofks ti ck uska lir ih`y

ihk purpisk. N erknt prkfkakht il n p`knsohe

nha tgiuegt prividohe nrfgotkfturn` noa wns tgk

ohstn``nih il Untkr @os nt tgk Audk il _ird stkpscy Mngkw @ìya Nrfgotkfts aurohe tgk @ihaih

Lksvn` il Nrfgotkfturk 3:>: (skk Qgksos Zripisn`).

Lrim Zristgkfs ti Coihofs

[hoquk ti iur mk oh tgk akvkìpmkht il nuxoònry

noas, os tgk aosnppknrnhfk il tgk nuxoònry pnrt il

tgk kqunih. Fihsoakr tgk wird ckohe uhakrtndkh

cy MOQ prilkssir Gueg Gkrr nha gos tknm il

tkfghiìey eurus. Qgky nrk akvkìpohe pristgkfs

tgnt hit ih`y momof tgk strufturk il n òmc, cut n`si

momof tgk coiìeofn` luhfih tgriueg ohtkernih

il k`kftriaks nha nftuntirs wotg coiìeofn` ssuk.

Ugktgkr vosoc`k ir hit, tgk noa os hi ìhekr somp`y

nh nuxoònry pokfk, ot os nftun``y ohtkern` ti tgk

wgi`k. Hitgohe os mirk fimpk`òhe oh suppirhe

tgos f`nom tgkh wntfgohe Naronhhk Gns`kt-Anvosanhfk tgk rumcn ih hnihn` tk`kvosoih wotg tgk

noa il n Coihofs pristgkf. Gns`kt-Anvos ìst gkr

coiìeofn` ̀ ke ns n rksu`t il tgk Cistih Mnrntgih

cimcohe ih Npro` >;, 3:>6.

?


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>:


11/103

Nrfgotkfturn` Noas

Snmps, gnharno`s, nutimnf aiirs, fihvkynhfk

systkms4 n`` nrk kxnmp`ks il nrfgotkfturn` noas

kmpìyka ti privoak nffkss ti pkip`k wotg

aosncoòks ti tgk cuo`t khvorihmkht. Giwkvkr,tgksk akvofks aih‟t hkfkssnro`y nssost kvkryihk.

Hkotgkr nrk tgky tnoìrka ti spkfof hkkas. @kss

lrkqukht`y ai tgky ohspork nwk.

Qgk Mnosih n Ciraknux cy Skm Dii`gnns wns

ohvksentka ns nh knr`y prkfkakht ti kxnmohk giw

nrfgotkfturk fnh ohtkerntk tgk hkkas il ohaovoaun`s

oh n uhoquk nha ohtuovk wny. Qgk giusk kmpìys n

p`nirm wotgiut wn``s ns citg n ò lir fihvkynhfk

nha nh nrfgotkfturn` spnfk tgnt mirpgs ns ot trnvk`s

lrim `kvk` ti `kvk`. Qgk ò, nh nrfgotkfturn` noa,

gna ckkh rkakhka oh nh ohtkrkshe nha kxprkssovk

wny snslyohe tgk uskrs aksork lir ‐fimp`kxoty”

wgo`k n`si mkkhe tgk pgysofn` hkka lir nffkss.

Qgk aksoeh, akspotk icvoius nws, wirds ih

mu`p`k ̀ kvk`s ti privoak tgos typk il pkrsihnòzka

trnhslirmnih il nrfgotkfturn` noas. Lurtgkrnhn`ysos il tgk Mnosih n Ciraknux fnh ck liuha oh

tgk Qgksos Zripisn`.

Mnosih n Ciraknux

Loe. < Mnosih n Ciraknux.

Gnhs Ukr`kmnhh. Ihòhk

Viurfk2 gp2//www.nrfgano`y.

fim/>:1531/na-f`nssofs-mnosih-

ciraknux-imn. (nffksska

Hivkmckr 3:>;)

provntk spnfk

lnmo`y spnfk

skrvofk spnfk

Vkfih - Mnosih n Ciraknux

>>


12/103

Fgn``kheohe Aosncoòty2Nh Ohfùsovk, Kxpkrokhn`, nha Mu`vn`kht Cortg Fkhtkr

Oh irakr ti nakquntk`y naarkss tgk mnhy lnftirs tgnt rksu`t ohaosfromohntiry khvorihmkhts, wk must fgn``khek ekhkrof nha rkaufvk

mknsurks ohstkna lnvirohe systkms tgnt privoak lir mu`vn`kht, ohfùsovk,

nha kxpkrokhn` nrfgotkfturk.

Akerkk i l Ohfùsoih

‐Nrfgotkfturk mivks us. Ot fnh fimlirt us ir ohmoantk us4 ot fnh khòegtkh us ir mysly us4 ot

fnh crohe biy ir tknr nt iur gknrts. Nrfgotkfturk mivks us cy tiufgohe tgrkk `nykrs il mkmiry.

Qgriueg promn` spnfk ot fnh tiufg iur akkpkst kmiihn` firk4 kvidohe sgnaiw mkmiroks iltgk wimc, tgk fnvk, tgk lirkst, nha òegt. Ot fnh rkfn`` mkmiroks il fu`turk, ir iur p`nfk oh

tgk gostirofn` wirà. Zkrsihn` mkmiroks naa ivkr`nys il sucbkfvk mknhohes, ns cuoàohes nrk

nssifontka wotg kvkhts oh iur òvks.”

- Fgrostipgkr Kenh, Nrfgotkft, Vnh Nhtihoi

>3


13/103

Fihvkhihn`Cuoàohe fiaks nha stnhanras nrk cnska ih

nffkptka fihvkhihs tgnt prksfrock mohomum

rkquorkmkhts lir tgk gkn`tg, snlkty, nha ohfùsoih

il cuoàohe iffupnhts. Nffkssocoòty rkeu`nihs

gnvk privoaka sucstnhn` omprivkmkhts oh mndohecuoàohes wird lir mirk pkip`k. Giwkvkr, fiaks

nha stnhanras nìhk ih`y ei si lnr. Qkfghofn`

rkquorkmkhts ikh ai hit tndk woak rnheohe

hkkas ohti fihsoakrnih. Qgky nrk spkfof oh giw

tgky naarkss uskrs hkkas nha oh tgkor spkfofoty,

simkmks aosfromohnhe nenohst uskrs tgnt aih‟t

t tgk hirm.

[hovkrsn`Qgk fihfkpt il uhovkrsn` aksoeh, ns lirmnòzka cySih Mnfk nha nffkptka nha akvkìpka cy mnhy

nriuha tgk wirà, gns erknt`y omprivka aksoehkrs

nwnrkhkss nha npprinfg ti aksoehohe lir aovkrsk

uskrs. [hovkrsn` aksoehs nrk nanptnc`k oh tgnt tgky

skkd ti rknfg tgk hkkas il tgk crinakst pissoc`k

uskrs cy ckohe kxoc`k nha ohtuovk. N froquk il

uhovkrsn` aksoeh os tgnt ikh aksoehkrs wo`` skkd

n ìwkst fimmih akhimohntir. Npp`yohe tgk

prohfop`ks il uhovkrsn` aksoeh oh tgos wny fnh gnvk

tgk kkft il mndohe aksoehs ekhkrof ir cnhn`. Nsnh kxnmp`k, fihsoakr tgk nutimnf sòaohe aiir.

Qgos khtrnhfk akvofk wo`` wird lir bust nciut

nhyihk, giwkvkr tgkrk os hi uskr ohtkrnfih wotg

tgk khvorihmkht nha kmivk kxpkrokhfk os ̀ ist.

Mu`vn`khtZkrgnps tgk ckst wny ti privoak ohfùsovk

khvorihmkhts os ti fihsoakr tgk mu`vn`kht

nspkft il erknt aksoeh. Ikh erknt nrfgotkfturk

os fimpk`òhe ckfnusk il tgk mnhy fgn``khekstgk aksoeh prkskhts ti tgk uskr4 sifon`, piòfn`,

gostirofn`, nkstgkf, nha kvkh pgysofn`. Fgn``kheohe

nrfgotkfturk os cy hnturk aovkrsk. Ot fnusks tgk

uskr ti pihakr upih ot. N mu`vn`kht nrfgotkfturk

wo`` n`si ei ckyiha nanpvk usk nha kxpnha

ohti aksoehka k`kmkhts tgnt lnfoòtntk tgk uskr cy

mkkhe tgk uskr wgkrk tgky nrk.>6


14/103

Ao`nih

Miia & Ohtkhsoty

kx f o t kmkh t k m p i w k r k a

n h x o ius

O f n h a i t

g o s

s t n y

c y

m y

s oak l n t e u

k a r k s t u ̀

O n m

s t

Loe. 5 Zuekt Viuha Moawovks nha Cortg Fkhtkr, @@F. Vnwykr‟s Cortg Vtiry

Nutgir uhdhiwh. Ih`ohk Viurfk2 gp2//hkranhagkn`tghut.c`iespit.fim/3:>6/:5/snwykrs-

cortg-stiry.gtm` (nffksska Hivkmckr 3:>;)

>1


15/103

Uimnh oh @ncir

N wimnh oh ̀ ncir uhakreiks mnhy sgos oh miianha ohtkhsoty il pnoh aurohe fihtrnfihs, pusgohe

tgk cncy fìskr ti tgk mimkht il cortg ns gkr

fkrvox ao`ntks. Fnrklu` nrfgotkfturn` fihsoakrnihs

gnvk tgk ncoòty ti ohukhfk tgk prifkss il cortg

nha lnfoòtntk `ncir. N`ìwohe riim lir mivkmkht

os ksskhn` wgo`k eovohe cortg. Itgkr khvorihmkhtn`

smuò fnh rkeu`ntk tgk mitgkr‟s miia cy

privoaohe pisovk crnoh nfvoty.

i h e

b u s t

crkntgk

a nz k a n ̀k

r t

gi à mk tgos os m y c

nc

Mntkrhoty & Cortg FkhtkrQgk cortgohe fkhtkr wns nh oakn` priernm ti wird

iut tgk tgksos il ‐Fgn``kheohe Aosncoòty” ckfnusk

wgo`k prkehnhfy os hit oh nha il otsk`l n aosncoòty,mist wimkh wo`` kxpkrokhfk tkmpirnry ir

pkrmnhkht mnbir òlk nabustmkhts ns n rksu`t il

fgoàcortg. Vohfk kvkry wimnh `ncirs aokrkht`y,

tgk priernm fgn``kheks tgk aksoehkr ti tgohd

crina`y oh tkrms il giw tgk nrfgotkfturn` akfosoihs

mny ompnft n aovkrsk eriup il pkip`k wotg vnryohe

ohaovoaun` hkkas. Qgk kmiihn` biurhky nìhk

fnh vnry soehofnht`y cnska ih forfumstnhfk,

pkrsihnòty, nha fu`turk lrim n biyius iffnsoih

wotg n pnrty il suppirtkrs ti n siòtnry, simckr, ir

sporotun` rkkfvk mk. N mu`vn`kht aksoeh wo``nssost, nanpt, nha lnfoòtntk tgk cortgohe kxpkrokhfk

lir aovkrsk usks tgriueg kmivk spnfk nha mk.

>;


16/103

Hkwcurh, Mnry, nha Akccok Voheg. Frknhe n Ckkr Cortg Khvorihmkht. Uimkh‟s vokws nciut tgk aksoeh nha lnfo`oks

oh mntkrhoty uhots2 n hnihn` survky. @ihaih2 Qgk Hnihn` Fgo`acortg Qrust, 3::6. gp2//www.hft.ire.ud/sotks/aklnu`t/

`ks/rk`ntkaYaifumkhts/CCKYrkpirtY6>>::6.pal.

Ugnt Uimkh Unht Ugo`k Cortgohe...

f`knh riim ??%

nffkss ti 7?%

nmcu`ntoih spnfk ?7%

nffkss ti


17/103

Qgk Mkaofn` Miak`

@ncir nha akòvkry gns ckkh aimohntka oh tgk

pnst fkhtury cy tgk mkaofn` miak` wgofg erknt`y

omprivka rosds nssifontka wotg fgoà cortg.

Giwkvkr, tgk mkaofn` miak` n`si sgoka fu`turn`

uhakrstnhaohe il cortg lrim n hnturn` prifkssti ihk rkquorohe stroft mihotirohe nha mkaofn`

ohtkrvkhih. Frofs il tgk mkaofn` miak`

f`nom tgnt tgk privoakr aosp`nfks tgk pnkht ns

tgk fkhtkr il fnrk. Qgos fnh ck ohvksentka oh

nrfgotkfturn` rk`nihsgops.

Znkht Fkhtkrka Fnrk

Z`nfohe pnkhts nt tgk fkhtkr il fnrk ohfùaks

mkkhe tgk pnkhts pgysofn`, mkhtn`, sifon`,

sporotun`, ns wk`` ns mkaofn` hkkas. Qgos miak`

mny ck fihfkovka ns ohtkrskfhe nha ivkr`nppohe

aosfopòhks fkhtkrka oh suppirt il tgk pnkht.

Nrfgotkfturn` lirms fnh lnfoòtntk tgk ohtkerntka

hnturk il pnkht fkhtkrka fnrk.

Zrivoakr

Znkht

Znkht

>5


18/103

Lnmo`y/Vuppirt Mitgkr/Vuppirt Zrilkssoihn`/Vuppirt

Zriernm Skquorkmkhts

Qgk Vtntk il Mnssnfgusks gns n skt il rkeu`nihs tgnt eivkrhs giw Cortg

Fkhtkrs ipkrntk wgofg kxtkhas ohti nrfgotkfturn` spnfk. Qgk rkquorka spnfks fnh

ck fihfkovka oh tgrkk eriups ohf`uaohe lnmo`y suppirt spnfks, mitgkr‟s suppirt

spnfks, nha prilkssoihn` suppirt spnfks.

Mnssnfgusks Akpnrtmkht il Zuc`of Gkn`tg Skeu`nihs >:;FMS

>7


19/103


20/103

HISQG CISAKS SINA

>;:‟

;% 5% 6% 5%

A NH N N\ K H [ K

UNQKS CIA_

AKHVK FNHIZ_

VOQK VK@KFQOIH

UOHFGKVQKS GIVZOQN@

>::‟ VFN@K

KNV_

MIAKSNQK

AOLLOF[@Q

ZNQG IL QSN\K@

Zrkòmohnry Votk Nhn`ysosQgk sotk os ìfntka nìhesoak tgk hirtgwkst firhkr

il tgk Moaa`kskx Lk``s Znrd oh Uohfgkstkr, MN. Oh

tgos ̀ ifnih tgk fihskrvnih ̀ nha os squkkzka

cktwkkh tgk Hirtg Skskrvior Anm nha Goeg`nha

Nvkhuk. N smn`` sòfk il rksoakhn` nrkn òkscktwkkh tgksk twi kaek fihaoihs. Ih tgk wkst

soak il Goeg`nha Nvkhuk nt tgk tip il tgk go`` os

Uohfgkstkr Gispotn`.

Mnhy mo`ks il trno`s privoak lir wn`dohe oh tgk

hnturn` khvorihmkht. Qgk pnrd os n erknt ìfnih

lir icskrvohe tgk fgnheohe il sknsihs. Qgk pnssnek

il mk os kxpkrokhfka tgriueg icskrvohe ̀ oegt nha

sgnaiw, mivkmkht oh tgk trkks nha `knvks, nha

nhomn`s oh tgkor hnturn` gncotnt. Qgk kxpkrokhn`

qunòks il hnturk privoak nh kxfk``kht skhe titurh nkhih nwny lrim tgk pnoh nha strkss il

fgoàcortg.

Qgk tipiernpgofn` fgnheks ih tgk sotk, tgk

rksoakhn` hkoegcirgiia, nha tgk nabnfkht

fihskrvnih `nha privoak fihstrnohts wgofg tgk

aksoeh wo`` hkka ti rkspiha ti oh irakr ti t oh

gnrmihoius`y wotg ots surriuhaohes.

FIHVKS\NQOIH CI[HANS_

3:


21/103

7:‟>:‟>6:‟

x >7:‟

> 6 : ‟

G

G O E G @ N H A

N \ K H [ K

HIS Q G CISAK

S SINA

Moaa`kskx Lk``sFihskrvnih @nha

Hirtg

Skskrvior

A NH N N\ K .

3>


22/103

Knr`y tgiuegts ih

priernmmohe wkrk fkhtkrka

nriuha tgk mitgkr nha

cncy. Zriernms tgnt

wkrk fihsoakrka ti gnvk

suppirvk luhfihs wkrk

p`nfka oh rk`nih ti tgkfkhtkr. Qgksk priernms

ohf`uaka khvorihmkhtn`

suppirts, prilkssoihn`

suppirts, fimmuhoty

suppirts, nha nrfgotkfturn`

ir u`oty suppirts. Fkrtnoh

priernms wkrk tgiuegt ti

ck ivkr`nppohe nha itgkrs

aosfrktk.

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23/103

Lkcrunry >?, 3:>; - Qgk ein` lir tgk ohtriauftiry

rkvokw wns ti ohtriaufk tgk tgksos fihfkpt, ohtkht,

mktgias il ohquory, nha tkrms il frofosm. Mist il

tgksk nrkns il kxpìrnih wkrk akvkìpka oh tgk

prkvoius Qgksos Zripisn` skmkstkr. Vkvkrn` aksoehprkfkakhts wkrk eovkh. N prkòmohnry sotk nhn`ysos

wns n`si prkskhtka. Qgk pnhk` wns ohtkrkstka oh

giw O wiuà mnhopu`ntk tgk sotk ti nfgokvk tgk

tgksos ohtkht. Vimk kxprksska ohtkrkst oh wgy n

tipiernpgofn``y fgn``kheohe sotk wns fgiskh lir

n pribkft wotg tgk stntka ein` il ohfùsoih nha

nffkssocoòty. Ivkrn``, tgk pnhk` khfiurneka lurtgkr

kxpìrnih oh giw khvorihmkhtn` lnftirs mny p`ny

n ri`k oh eovohe cortg. Ot wns sueekstka tgnt O wird

wotg n fòkht tgnt gns kxpkrt dhiw`kaek il tgk

prifkss il fgoàcortg.

Itgkr pnrnpgrnska hitks tndkh lrim frofs nt tgk

ohtriauftiry rkvokw2

O npprkfontk tgk tgksos oakn nha priernm. O sueekst

tgnt yiu ìid mirk ohti tgk khvorihmkhtn` kkfts

nha giw tgky ompnft n pkrsihs Tmiia]. Vkhsiry

nspkfts...tgos hkkas ti ck aihk nhn`yfn``y.

Ugnt os tgk hnturn` systkm Trklkrrohe ti tgk sotkfihtkxt]. Giw hnturn` os ot9 Os ot n sfnvkhekr

`nhasfnpk9 Ol si, wgnt nrk yiu eiohe ti...Tp`nfk oh

ot]9

Ck f`knr wgnt yiur ntuak os tiwnra yiur tgksos.

Ohtriauftiry Skvokw

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24/103

31


25/103

GOEGUN_

SINAUN_

FIMM[QKS SNO@

ZKAKVQSONH QSNO@

M[@QO-[VK QSNO@

HIAKV

@NHAMNSDV

AKHVK AK\K@IZMKHQ

MIAKSNQK AK\K@IZMKHQ

VZNSVK AK\K@IZMKHQ

@OEGQ AK\K@IZMKHQ

VOQK VK@KFQOIH

VOQK NHN@_VOV

3;


26/103

Zrkòmohnry Aksoeh Skvokw

Mnrfg 3; - Lir tgk

Zrkòmohnry Aksoeh Skvokw

O prkskhtka tgrkk aokrkht

sfgkmnf aksoehs wgofg O gna

ckkh wirdohe tgriueg oh tgkwkkds proir. Qgksk sfgkmnfs

wkrk goeg`y ohukhfka cy tgk

sotk fgnrnftkrosfs ohfùaohe

tgk tipiernpgofn` fgn``kheks

nha tgk hkoegcirohe cuoàohes.

Qgk eukst frofs npprkfontka

tgk kirt ti t tgk cuoàohe oh

wotg ot‟s surriuhaohes. Ot wns

sueekstka tgnt mirk nkhih

ck eovkh ti tgk spnfks wotgohtgk cuoàohe nha spkfofn``y

giw tgk tgksos oakn wns

ohlirmohe tgk aksoeh. Qgk

li`ìwohe pneks o`ùstrntk

tgk tgrkk sfgkmnf aksoeh

ipihs prkskhtka.

@IUKS @K\K@

LOSVQ L@IIS

VKFIHA L@IIS

QGOSA L@IIS

VKFQOIH N

LNMO@_ V[ZZISQ

FIMM[HOQ_ V[ZZISQ

ZSILKVVOIHN@ V[ZZISQ

C[O@AOHE V[ZZISQ

3


27/103

>::'


28/103

>::'


29/103

>::'


30/103

Forfu`nih

Zriernm Nabnfkhfy

Forfu`nih oh mkaofn` lnfoòks os goeg`y

spkfof nha ikh ohfùaks skpnrntk

forfu`nih riutks lir pnkhts, mkaofn`

prilkssoihn`s, nha uòks. Zrivoaohe

n mirk ohtkerntka forfu`nih systkmwns n ein` oh irakr ti privoak fnrk tgnt

wns fkhtkrka ih tgk mitgkr nha lnmo`y.

N fkhtrn` spohk lrim wgofg priernms

crnhfgka i lrim wns akvkìpka.

Ohon``y, ot wns tgiuegt tgnt tgos pntg

fiuà ck n rnmp wknvohe up sìpohe sotk.

Qgos fihfkpt wns akvkìpka lurtgkr ohti

tgk hn` aksoeh.

Oh tgk prkòmohnry aksoeh, eriupohes

il priernms wkrk put tiektgkr

tgnt privoaka lir ivkr`np nha friss

fihhkfihs cktwkkh tgk mitgkr, itgkr

fimmuhoty mkmckrs, nha prilkssoihn`s.

Qgksk spnfks wkrk tgiueg il ns

suppirvk spnfks lir prkhntn` fnrk ns

wk`` ns `ncir nha akòvkry.

6:


31/103

Qgk li`ìwohe nrk n lkw il tgk

fimmkhts mnak nt tgk Zrkòmohnry

Aksoeh Skvokw2

Snosohe tgk k`kvnih il tgk spnfks osvkry aksornc`k. Hnturn` ̀ oegt os vkry

eiia/hnturn` lir cortg nha tgisk

wgi nrk pnrt il tgk prifkss.

Oakhly wgnt itgkr qunòks nrk

aksornc`k lir cortgohe.

Fihsoakr mivkmkht cktwkkh

lnfoòks aurohe hirmn` riuhks nha

kmkrekhfoks.

Qgk ̀ ifnih prkskhts n fgn``khek

tgnt wo`` rkquork nrfgotkfturk ti

si`vk.

Frof Fimmkhts

6>


32/103

63


33/103

Vfgkmnf Aksoeh Skvo

Mnrfg 3; - N sohe`k aksoeh wns

prkskhtka nt tgk sfgkmnf aksoeh

rkvokw wgofg ohfùaka n ìwkr cuoàohe

lir mntkrhoty fnrk nha nh uppkr cuoàoh

lir cortgohe. Cy tgos rkvokw O gna n eiia

skhsk il giw ti fihhkft tgksk cuoàohes

wirdohe wotg tgk kxoshe tipiernpgy. N

mnoh lknturk oh mndohe tgos sfgkmk wir

ohfùaka tgk kxtkroir pntgwny nha rnm

systkm nìhe tgk siutg soak il tgk ìwk

cuoàohe. Qgk p`nzn oh tgk moaa`k il tgk

cuoàohes nfts ns n hiak nha fihhkftir t

citg tgk pnrd nha tgk cuoàohes ih tgk s

Qgk li`ìwohe fimmkhts wkrk mnak2

Zrierkss gns ckkh mnak ih tgk sotk

p`nhhohe, hiw turh yiur nkhih ti tgk

cortgohe spnfks.

_iu gnvk tndkh ih twi aofu`t fgn``khe

fimp`kx priernm nha n aofu`t sotk. Qr

ti rkfihfo`k citg wo`` rkquork k`kvnhe t

ompirtnht tgohes ivkr tgk ̀ kss ompirtnh

Zroirozk yiur ein`s. Ugnt os mist

ompirtnht9 Muòtvn`khfk ompòks naark

n``, c ut ot‟s idny ti wird oakns nt aokrk

`kvk`s il fimp`kih.

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34/103

H

Nrfgotkfturn` Lnfoòtntirs

Nrfgotkfturn` lnfoòtntirs nrk fihstrufihs

tgnt noa pkrsihs oh tgk usk nha khbiymkht

il nh nrfgotkfturn` spnfk. Qgksk lnfoòtntirs

nrk luhanmkhtn` ti frknhe nh ohfùsovk nha

mu`vn`kht khvorihmkht. Oh tgk sdktfgks

ncivk, O wns tkshe iut lnfoòtntirs ti usk oh

tgk hn` aksoeh ohfùaohe n fimmih ‐wnrm”

wn`` ti irokht uskrs nha khvorihmkhtn`

fihaoihs lir tgk cortgohe spnfk.61


35/103

Fkhtkrohe Zrkehnhfy

Oh typofn` mntkrhoty fnrk skhes, n wimnh

wo`` mkkt n`ihk wotg tgkor icstktrofonh ir

moawolk nciut n aizkh ir si mks oh tgk hohk

mihtgs `knaohe up ti cortg. Qgksk prkhntn`

nppiohtmkhts fnh ck ns sgirt ns >; mohutks.Ikh wimkh wo`` sot oh n wnohe riim lir tkh

mohutks ti gn`l nh giur lir tgkor nppiohtmkht.

Vimk wimkh lirei tgksk nppiohtmkhts lir n

vnrokty il rknsihs, wgofg fnh ck aktromkhtn` ti

tgkor gkn`tg nha tgk gkn`tg il tgkor cncy.

Qgk Fkhtkrohe Zrkehnhfy miak` eriups

nciut 7- >: wimkh tiektgkr oh prkhntn`

nppiohtmkhts nha typofn``y mkkts lir ?:

mohutks n skssoih. Mitgkrs `knrh nciut tgkor

prkehnhfy tiektgkr nha ckhkt lrim mutun`noa. Zrivoakrs nrk nc`k ti spkha mirk mk

wotg tgkor pnkhts. Qgos miak` gns privkh

ckhkts oh ckkr gkn`tg iutfimks, primitks

sk`l fnrk nha frkntks fimmuhoty.

Qgos pribkft ohfirpirntks tgk Fkhtkrohe

Zrkehnhfy miak` lir prkhntn` fnrk. Qgk

sdktfgks ih tgos pnek aonernm spnfk tno`irka ti

tgk Fkhtkrohe Zrkehnhfy miak`.

6;


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6


37/103

Zrkòmohnry Vystkms

Zrkòmohnry strufturn` systkms ohfù

tgk usk il fihfrktk liuhanih wn`

n stkk` lrnmk, nha fimpisotk s`nc

akfds nha riils. N lirfka nor systk

forfu`ntks rkeu`ntka nor ti n`` `kvk`s

hnturn` ens cio`kr gknts tgk nor. Fi

os privoaka cy riiip kvnpirnvk

fiiòhe. Qgk siutgkrh kxpisurk

privoaks anyòeghe nha gk`ps wnr

ohtkroir spnfks oh tgk wohtkr. Oh tg

summkr, tgk siutg lnfohe lnfnak os

sgnaka cy tgofd vkektnih privoak

tgk nabnfkht fihskrvnih `nha.

L`kxoc`k Vpnfks

Knr`y sfgkmnf aksoehs fihfkptunòzka tgk

cortg giusk ns n kxoc`k spnfk wgkrk tgk

cortgohe riim wiuà ck biohka cy twi lnmo`y

riims, ihk ih tgk snmk `kvk` nha ihk n iir

ckìw ti privoak kxocoòty lir lnmo`y sozk

nha itgkr rk`ntka lnftirs. Uirdohe wotg tgk

twi `kvk`s oh nh nffkssoc`k wny wns tgiuegt

ti prividk n fgn``kheohe aksoeh fihfkpt. Oh

tgk kha, tgk cortgohe giusk rkmnohka n sohe`k

`kvk` mnoh`y ckfnusk tgk fgnhek oh tipiernpgy

wns hit erknt khiueg ti mndk tgk twi `kvk`

sfgkmk vonc`k wotgiut soehofnht n`tkrnihs

ti tgk kxoshe `nhasfnpk. Ohstkna, tgk cortgohe

giusk wns aksoehka ti fihtnoh twi cortgohe

suotks.

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38/103

DOQFGKH NHA FNLK

3ha @kvk`

ZSKHNQN@ _IEN VQ[AOI

3ha @kvk`

OHLNHQ H[SVKS_

1tg @kvk`FNSKQNDKS SKVQ NSKN

6ra @kvk`

COSQGOHE GI[VKV

3ha @kvk`

Z[C@OF Z@NRN

3ha @kvk`

vokw lrim tgk fnlk ti p`nzn

67


39/103

Aksoeh Akvkìpmkht Skvokw

Iftickr >, 3:>; - Oh tgk rst Aksoeh Akvkìpmkht

Skvokw n sohe`k sfgkmnf wotg cnsof priernmmnf

luhfihs nha ohtkrhn` nha kxtkrhn` forfu`nih

pntgs wns prkskhtka. Qgk `nrekr ìwkr cuoàoheos n Mntkrhoty Fkhtkr lir prkhntn` nppiohtmkhts.

Qgk uppkr cuoàohe ohfùaks tgk Cortg Fkhtkr nha

Cortgohe Giusks. Qgk uppkr nha ìwkr cuoàohes

nrk fihhkftka cy n fi``kfih il spnfks ohfùaohe

nh ohtkrhn` ̀ iccy spnfk, nh iutaiir pucòf p`nzn,

nha n dotfgkh nha fnlk. Zucòf nffkss ti tgk p`nzn

os privoaka lrim Goeg`nha Nvkhuk cy n rnmp tgnt

li`ìws tgk siutgkrh lnfk il tgk Mntkrhoty Fkhtkr.

Qgos pntg fihhuks ohti tgk hnturk prkskrvk.

Frofs nt tgos rkvokw wkrk p`knska ti skk n hn`

sfgkmnf tgnt ohfirpirntka tgk priernmmnf

rkquorkmkhts wotg tgk sotk fihtkxt. Qgk li`ìwohe

sueeksihs wkrk eovkh2

F`nroly wgkrk uskrs khtkr nha kxot tgk cuoàohe.

Giw ai pkip`k dhiw wgkrk ti ei nha wgkh9

Ugnt nrk tgk mntkron`s nha lkk` il tgk cuoàohe4

ohstuihn`, sporotun`, ir gimk-òdk9

Dkkp nh ohtkrnfvk aksoeh cktwkkh tgk twi mnoh

cuoàohes. @kt knfg cuoàohe ohlirm tgk itgkr.

vokw lrim tgk k`kvntir ̀ iccy ti p`nzn6?


40/103

1:


41/103

Fgn``kheohe Aosnco`oty2 Nh Ohf`usovk, Kxpkrokhn`,

nha Mu`vn`kht Cortg Fkhtkr

LOHN@ AKVOEH

Antk il Lohn` Skvokw2

Akfkmckr >:, 3:>;

1>


42/103

Lohn` Aksoeh Skvokw

Akfkmckr >:, 3:>; - Oh tgk hn` aksoeh rkvokw O prkskhtka

my fimp`ktka pribkft, Fgn``kheohe Aosncoòty2 Nh Ohfùsovk,

Kxpkrokhn`, nha Mu`vn`kht Cortg Fkhtkr. Qgk tgksos

prkmosk il frknhe nh khvorihmkht tgnt lnfoòtntks tgkprifkss il `ncir nha akòvkry pgysofn``y, kmiihn``y,

nha sporotun``y wns aosp`nyka tgriueg prkskhtnih

il nrfgotkfturn` oakns oh p`nhs, skfihs, k`kvnihs,

pkrspkfvks, aonernms, nha pgysofn` miak`s. Vkvkrn` il

my fi``kneuks nha ohvotkks wkrk nc`k ti nkha. Mnhy

il tgk frofs kxprksska khtgusonsm nciut tgk ivkrn``

fihfkpt il frknhe n fkhtkr lir cortgohe wgofg tndks ohti

nffiuht tgk `ncirohe mitgkr nha lnmo`y nt ot‟s firk hit

ih`y oh priernm cut oh nrfgotkfturn` fihstrufts. Nt `knst

ihk frof sueekstka tgnt tgk piwkrlu` oakn il mu`-

vn`khfk nppknrka kvoakht, nha fiuà ck strkhetgkhka

cy n fnrklu``y fihstruftka aonernm sgiwohe wgkrk tgisk

mimkhts gnppkh oh tgk cuoàohe.

Mntkrhoty Fkhtkr

13


43/103

Fihfùaohe Skmnrds

Ihk ompirtnht oakn oh tgos tgksos wns ti aosp`ny giw n

mu`vn`kht aksoeh fnh ck ohfùsovk nha kvifnvk. Mu`-

vn`khfk sueeksts vkry fihtkxtun` aksoeh oakns wgofg

ikh ohfùak fimp`kx ohtkrrk`nihsgops cktwkkh tgk

uskrs, tgk sotk, priernm, tkftihofs, sfn`k, nha n vnrokty il

itgkr nrfgotkfturn` fihsoakrnihs. Vimkmks akfosoihs

nrk mnak wgofg fgn``khek tgk hirm, sufg ns frknhe nhohmntk khvorihmkht lir cortgohe moxka wotg simk vkry

pucòf luhfihs. Ckfnusk il somo`nr buxtnpisoihs, O ckòkvk

tgos pribkft wns nc`k ti fgn``khek prkfihfkovka oakns ih

aosncoòty nha fgoàcortg oh wnys tgnt mny hit gnvk ckkh

uhfivkrka itgkrwosk.

Oh wirdohe iut tgos tgksos, tgkrk wns n fihstnht fgn``khek ti

cn`nhfk nkhih cktwkkh tgk oakns surriuhaohe aosncoòty

nha tgk ‐priernm” il cortgohe. Ikh, tgk cortgohe priernm

tiid ivkr ns tgk mirk tnheoc`k tgohe ti wird wotg, wgofg aoa

hit n`wnys ckhkt tgk tgksos ohtkht. Znrt il tgk fgn``khekoh wirdohe iut tgos tgksos ohfùaka tgk fgiskh fihstrnohts

il n aofu`t sotk nha fimp`kx priernm. Giwkvkr, oh tgk

kha O ckòkvk ot os ckfnusk il tgksk fihstrnohts tgnt tgk

pribkft nfgokvka tgk stntka ein`s il fgn``kheohe aosncoòty

nha frknhe nh ohfùsovk, kxpkrokhn`, nha mu`vn`kht Cortg

Fkhtkr.

Cortg Fkhtkr

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44/103

CIVQIH(5 mo`ks)

FNMCSOAEK(5 mo`ks)

C@[K GO@@V

HISQG SKVKS\IOS

UOHFGKVQKS

GIVZOQN@

MOAA@KVKW LK@@V

ZNSD / FIHVKS\NQOIH

G O E G @

N H A N \

K.

A N H N N \ K .

G

Votk @ifnih

N hnrriw, sìpohe sotk wns fgiskh

ih Goeg`nha nha Anhn Nvkhuks

oh Uohfgkstkr, Mnssnfgusks.

Qgk rksoakhn` hkoegcirgiiacinrakrs tgk Moaa`kskx Lk``s

hnturk prkskrvk. N rkspotk lrim

tgk urcnh hkoegcirgiias tgnt

surriuha ot, tgk sotk os ìfntka

ih`y skvkh mo`ks lrim Cistih

nha Fnmcroaek. Uotgoh wn`dohe

aostnhfk os tgk pnhirnmof vokws

il tgk Hirtg Skskrvior. Qgk

Uohfgkstkr Gispotn` os ìfntka

nt tgk tip il tgk Go`` ih Goeg`nha

Nvkhuk.

11


45/103

@ " = '

" = ' - "

G O E G @ N H A N \ K H [ K

A NH N N\ K H [ K

>::‟

6 ; : ‟

> > ; ‟

7 ; ‟

> 3 : ‟

; ; ‟

7 5 ‟

> : : ‟

< : ‟

; 5 5 ‟

5 ; ‟

\OVOQIS

ZNSDOHE

(7 spnfks)

VQNLL

ZNSDOHE

(; spnfks)

\OVOQIS/VQNLL

ZNSDOHE

(3: spnfks)

Z[C@OF

ZNSDOHE

(? spnfks)

>;‟ VKQCNFD

(n`` soaks)

VOQK NSKN = 5:,;::sl.

C[O@AOHE NSKN = 6:,:::sl.

5:‟

7:‟?:‟

>::‟

>>:‟

>3:‟

5:‟

7:‟

?:‟

>::‟

>>:‟

>3:‟

7:‟

?:‟

>::‟

H I S Q G

C I S A K S

S I N A

MOAA@KVKW LK@@VAFS ZSIZKSQ_

ZNQG QI GIVZOQN@

\ON GOEG@NHA N\K.(aostnhfk lrim sotk = :.> mo`k

mnx ruhhohe sìpk = >3%)

ZNQG QI GIVZOQN@

\ON MOAA@KVKW LK@@V(`khetg lrim sotk = :.1 mo`k

nvkrnek sìpk 0 ;% )

Votk NffkssocoòtyQgk sotk fnh ck nffksska cy fnr ir

pkakstronh pntg wny. Aurohe prkhntn`

fnrk, pnkhts mny pnrd oh tgk vosotir ìt

Goeg`nha Nvkhuk. N `kvk` pntgwny khtk

tgk @iwkr @kvk` il tgk Mntkrhoty Fkhtk

Ugkh vosohe lir cortg, tgk pnkht mny

oh tgk pnrdohe ìt ih Anhn Nvkhuk wgkr

tgk khtrnhfk os `kvk`. \osotirs wgi nrk h

pnkhts fnh nffkss tgk sotk lrim Goeg`n

Nvkhuk nha Hirtg Cinrakr Sina.

N promnry fihsoakrnih oh tgk sotk p`nh

ti privoak nh nffkssoc`k riutk n`tkrhnv

ti tgk Gispotn` von Goeg`nha Nvkhuk wg

ohfùaks n stkkp sìpk. Qi ai tgos, n ek

sìpohe fimcohnih il pntgs nha rnmps

wknvks tgriueg tgk sotk nha ohti tgk pn

`nha. Ugo`k tgos aostnhfk ot ìhekr tgnh

Goeg`nha Nvkhuk, ot privoaks nh nffkssoc

n`tkrhnvk nha nffkss ti tgk pnrd systkm

wgofg wiuà itgkrwosk hit kxost.

p ̀ n z n

Votk Z`nh

Qgk ìhe nha hnrriw ìt fimcohka wot

tgk tipiernpgofn` fgn``kheks il tgk sotk

arivk fkrtnoh nspkfts il tgk aksoeh. Nh

kxtkroir pntg tgriueg tgk sotk privoaks

pucòf riutk tgriueg tgk sotk nha ohti t

Moaa`kskx Lk``s pnrd `nha. Nh n`tkrhntk

riutk ti tgk ohnffkssoc`k soakwn`d nìhe

Goeg`nha Nvkhuk, tgk pntg prkssks ohti

os pritkftka cy tgk Viutg lnfohe soak il

cuoàohe. Nt tgk fkhtkr il tgk sotk os n `n

ipkh p`nzn wgofg nfts ns n entkwny ti t

fihskrvnih `nhas ckyiha.

knsy pkakstronh pntg (sìpk 0;%)

miakrntk pkakstronh pntg (sìpks ;

aofu`t pkakstronh pntg (sìpks ;%1;


46/103

Mntkrhoty Fkhtkr

@ihe Vkfih

[ppkr @kvk`

`nc/mka stirnek

provntk kxnm riims

privoakr ̀ iuhek

?

>:

>>

Ugnt privoakrs sny mndks neiia cortgohe khvorihmkht.*

nfuoty-nanptnc`k

riims lir fnrk nhafimlirt

hiosk rkaufih

mknsurks lir provnfy

pisovk nuaoc`k nha

vosun` aostrnfihspnkht snslnfih wotg

tgk cortgohe khvorihmkht

*Viurfk2 Gkn`tgfnrk Khvorihmkhtn` Qkrms Nha Iutfimk Mknsurks2 Nh Kvoakhfk-Cnska Aksoeh cy Nhbnò Biskpg, Zg.A.4

Ko`kkh Mnìhk, SH4 Akcnbyi Zn, Zg.A.4 Wonici ûnh, Zg.A. Zucòsgka cy Qgk Fkhtkr lir Gkn`tg Aksoeh, Hivkmckr 3:>>

ìwkr `kvk`

rkfkpih

rktno` firhkr

mkfgnhofn` riim

`nuhary riim

>

3

6

1

moa `kvk`

Fkhtkrohe Zrkehnhfy

pucòf p`nzn

fnlk

dotfgkh

;

<

5

7

> 3 6 1

; < 5 7

? >: >>

1


47/103

Cortg Fkhtkr

Viutg K`kvnih

stnhaohe sknm mktn` riil vkrfn` wiia f̀ npcinra soa ohe Crofd vkh kkr liuhanih wn``s.

Loe. 7,? & >:. Ncivk. Vin Cireks nha Vvkh Kgmnhh. Zroht Viurfk2 Goak nha Vkkd2 Qgk Nrfgotkfturk il Fncohs nha Goakiuts, Vkptkmckr 3:>1. 15


48/103

C ;3

Cortg Fkhtkr

@ihe Vkfih

Cortg Fkhtkr

hurskry

nmcu`ntiry gn``

lnmo`y riim

cortgohe giusk

rkshe firhkr

>

3

6

1

;

fihhkfhe gn``wny ti tgk Mntkrhoty Fkhtkr

kxtkroir ohtkroir

;

3

1

11

3 6

17


49/103

fihtri` ivkr cortgohe

spnfk wotg nffkss ti

fnrk wgkh aksorka

fihtri` il vokws,

anyòeghe, nha

vkh`nih

Ugnt nrk wimkh ìidohe lir oh ncortg fkhtkr9*

nffkss ti tgk snmk riim lir `ncir,akòvkry, nha cihaohe

pnrthkr fimlirt

*Viurfk2 Hnihn` Fgoàcortg Qrust. Ziòfy Crokhe Moawolk-`ka [hots. Nutgirs uhdhiwh.

Zucòsgka Hivkmckr 3:>>.

1?


50/103

Mntkrhoty Fkhtkr

Lìir Z`nhs

Kxpkftnht fiup`ks nrk ohontka ti tgk cuoàohe

priernm tgriueg tgk Mntkrhoty Fkhtkr. Qgk

khtrnhfk ti tgos cuoàohe os nt tgk ìwkr khail tgk sotk ih Goeg`nha Nvkhuk. Qgk fiup`k

os erkktka nt tgk rkfkpih nrkn nha mny

criwsk tgk rktno` firhkr wgo`k wnohe lir

tgkor fòhofonh ir eriup ti stnrt. Ohaovoaun` nha

eriup prkhntn` skrvofks nrk ìfntka ih tgk moa

nha uppkr iirs.

Qgk Mntkrhoty Fkhtkr skrvks ns nh nffkssoc`k

entkwny ti tgk Moaa`kskx Lk``s Znrd lrim

Goeg`nha Nvkhuk. Zucòf tio`kts nrk privoaka

nt tgk mnoh khtrnhfk wgkrk nh kxtkroir

pntgwny `knas vosotirs nha pnrd eikrs ti tgk

p`nzn `kvk`. Ohaiir nha iutaiir tnc`ks nha

sknhe nrk privoaka.

mntkrhoty fkhtkr - rkfkpih>

;:


51/103

;>

[Z

[Z

3:'

AH

3:'

V K F Q O I H - N

V K F Q O I H - N

3:‟

ìwkr `kvk`

rkfkpih

rktno` firhkr

mkfgnhofn` riim

`nuhary riim

>

3

6

1

moa `kvk`

Fkhtkrohe Zrkehnhfy

pucòf p`nzn

fnlk

dotfgkh

;

<

5

7

K`.

K`.

K`.

K`.

_ien

Vtuaoi

Vtirnek

@ifdkrs

Eriup VpnfkKxnm

Ifk

Vtirnek

@iccy

Fkhtkrohe Zrkehnhfy

priernm spnfk

cnfd il giusk

luhfih spnfk

forfu`nih nha

pucòf usk spnfk

>3

6 1

;

< 5 7

;>


52/103

Mntkrhoty Fkhtkr

Zkrspkfvks

`iccy nha gn``wny ti tgk Cortg Fkhtkr

;3


53/103

ìwkr `kvk` k`kvntir ìccy

moa `kvk` k`kvntir ìccy

;6


54/103

hurskry

nmcu`ntiry gn``

lnmo`y riim

cortgohe giusk

rkshe firhkr

>

3

6

1

;

> 3 6

VKFQOIH - C

1;

F

VKFQOIH F

ut`otks

wntkr/ gknhe

wntkr/ pitnc`k

wntkr/ erny

ixyekh supp`y

Qgk sdktfg ncivk sgiws nh knr`y sfgkmnf lir tgk cortg

giusk. Qgk hn` aksoeh rktnohs tgk soegt `ohks lrim ohsoak

nha iut privoaohe vokws nha provnfy.

Cortg Fkhtkr

Vkfihs

;1


55/103

DOQFGKH

DOQFGKH

DOQFGKH

Cortgohe Giusk

nha Lnmo`y Vpnfk

Zrivoakr Vpnfk

nha Hurskry

Vuppirvk

Fimmuhoty Vpnfk

VKFQOIH - C

>

3

6

6

6

1

1

1

;

;

Cortg Fkhtkr

L`iir Z`nhs

vkrfn` forfu`nih

ti Mntkrhoty Fkhtkr kmkrekhfy kerkss

kmkrekhfy kerkss

SIIL

GNQFG

;;


56/103

Qgk omnek ncivk nha ti tgk roegt sgiw knr`y

sdktfgks il tgk cortgohe giusk privoaohe mu`p`k

nrrnhekmkhts lir nssoshe wotg cortg.

sohe nrkn

dotfgkhkk

cntgriim

ckariim

sgiwkr/tuc

akfd

pntg ti trno`s

>

3

6

1

;

<

5

Cortgohe Giusk

Aksoehka ti privoak lir khvorihmkhtn`

fimlirt nha kxoc`k ‐hkshe” spnfks,

tgk cortgohe giusk fnh nffimmiantk

up ti liur nau`ts ivkrhoegt. Qgk fizy

nha provntk spnfk privoaks lir nmp`k

forfu`nih nha mivkmkht aurohe `ncir.

Mitgkrohe wimkh fnh fgiisk wgkrk

ti `ncir wgktgkr oh n cka, oh n tuc, ir

nhywgkrk oh-cktwkkh.

Ohtkroir Mntkron`s

lurhosgohe

aktno` wird

ohtkroir wn``s

fimpisotk omnek

>

3 6

1

;

<

5

Loe. >> Ciim @k. Qgk Cuo` aohe Ohlirmnih Liuhanih Sts. Zroht Viurfk2 Lohhosg

Vnuhn2 Aksoeh nha Fihstrufih. Nueust 3:>1.;


57/103

Gyaritgkrnpy oh Fgoàcortg

Qgk fgoà-cortgohe fimmuhoty os wnrmohe ti tgk

ìhe prnffka usk il gyaritgkrnpy aurohe `ncir

nha/ir akòvkry wgofg gns privkh ckhkts tgnt

ohfùak pnoh mnhnekmkht nha strkss rkaufih(skk nppkhaox, Gyaritgkrnpy Aurohe @ncir nha

Cortg). N fn`mohe nha rk`nxohe spnfk os frkntka

cy hnturn` mntkron`s nha rklkrkhfks ti hnturk.

Fihtri``ka vokws il tgk hnturn`

surriuhaohes privoak pisovk lifus

aurohe akòvkry.

Qgk cortgohe tuc gns nh ohtkerntka,

smiitg, wiia trnhslkr cinra wgofg

os kspkfon``y usklu` lir tgisk wotg

ìw micoòty.

;5


58/103

VQKK@ AKFDOHE

U>7 - VQKK@ CKNM

U3> - VQKK@ EOSAKS

N@[MOH[M M[@@OIH

GKNQOHE K@KMKHQ

FIMZIVOQK AKFD

MKQN@ FNZ

UIIA C@IFDOHE

CSOFD LNFNAK

CSOFD QOKV

SOEOA OHV[@NQOIH

MKQN@ VQ[A

Z@_UIIA VGKNQGOHE

LO@@ OHV[@NQOIH

E_ZV[M CINSA

VKFQOIH - N

MKMCSNHK SIIL

SOEOA OHV[@NQOIH

FIHFSKQK V@NC

FS[VGKA ESN\K@

KNSQG LO@@

>1” LI[HANQOIH UN@@

FIHFSKQK LIIQKS

Z S I \ O A K S I L L O F K V

FKHQKSOHE

ZSKEHNHF_

F I H V [ @ Q S I I M

E S I [ Z V Z N F K

MNQKSHOQ_ VGIZ

IZKH VQNOS UK@@

;7


59/103

Vtrufturn` Vystkms

Qgk ivkrn`` priernm os strufturn``y aovoaka

ohti mu`p`k cuoàohes ohfùaohe tgk ìwkr

Mntkrhoty Fkhtkr, tgk uppkr Cortg Fkhtkr,

nha tgrkk Cortgohe Giusk‟s knfg ohfùaohe

twi Cortgohe Vuotks. Qgk Mntkrhoty Fòhof

gns fihfrktk liuhanih wn``s tgnt suppirt

fihfrktk cìfd sgknr wn``s nha n stkk` lrnm

Furtnoh wn``s il crofd, roeoa ohsu`nih, e`nss

nha nùmohum mu`òihs nrk suppirtka cy t

lrnmk ns wk`` ns tgk fimpisotk akfdohe lir

tgk iir nha ohsu`ntka riil. \krfn` fihfr

sgns privoak suppirt lir k`kvntir fihvkyn

nha stnors. Qgk uppkr cuoàohes gnvk somo`n

liuhanih wn``s cut nrk mnbiroty sfd lrnm

KMKSEK

HF_

KESKVV MNQKSHOQ_

FKHQKS KHQSNHFK

COSQG FKHQKSKHQSNHFK

Z[C@OF Z@NRN

KHQSNHFK

>1” FIHFSKQK

LI[HANQOIH UN@@

FIHFSKQK C@IFD

VGKNS UN@@V

VQKK@ FI@[MHV

NHA EOSAKSV

FIHFSKQK C@IFD

\KSQOFN@ VGNLQV

Z@NRN

CIO@KS

VQOFD LSNMK

COSQGOHE GI[VKV

VQNHAOHE VKNM

MKQN@ SIIL

HNQ[SK \OKUV

N

;7

Qgk siutgkrh irokhtnih il tgk cuoàohes ckhk

lrim hnturn` lknturks ih tgk sotk ti cìfd suh

kxpisurk aurohe summkr. Qgohhohe vkektnih

privoaks wnrmtg lrim tgk suh kxpisurk aurohe

wohtkr. \kektnvk riils rkaufk wntkr ruh-i n

gknt os`nha kkfts.

Votk Vustnohncoòt

SIIL GNQFG

\KEKQNQKA

MKMCSNHK SIIL

kerkss

kerkss

;?


60/103

Mntkrhoty Fnrk

Cuo`aohe

Cortgohe Giusk

ohtndk

nor

ohtndk

nor

vkh`nih

kxgnust

ohtndk

lnh

pitnc`k

wntkr

kxgnust norsuh

sgnaohe

ipkrnc`k

wohaiw


61/103

Vustnohnc`k Mkfgnhofn` Vystkms

N ein` lir tgk Cortgohe Giusk suotks wns ti frkntk

ns mufg tgkrmn` fimlirt ns pissoc`k cy fimcohohe

pnssovk systkms, nutimntka systkms, nha mnhun`

systkms ti fihtri` gknhe, fiiòhe, òegt kxpisurk,

nha vkh`nih n`` wgo`k rkmnohohe khkrey kfokhtnha lrokha`y ti tgk khvorihmkht, mitgkr, nha cncy.

Auk ti tgk siutgkrh irokhtnih il tgk cortgohe

suotks tndk navnhtnek il tgk fii` sgnaka crkkzks

oh summkr nha wnrmohe suh oh wohtkr. Snaonht

iirohe dkkps tgk mitgkr‟s ciay wnrm lrim tgk

lkkt up ns n fkoòhe lnh n`ìws nabustnc`k fiiòhe

lrim ncivk. Nh khkrey rkfivkry vkh`ntir (KS\)

privoaks n fihhuius lrksg supp`y il iutaiir nor

wgo`k rkmnohohe kfokht cy trnhslkrrohe khkrey

lrim tgk kxohe nor. Qgk `nrekr spnfks oh tgk CortgFkhtkr nha tgk Mntkrhoty Fkhtkr nrk gkntka nha

fii`ka ih akmnha cy n \nronc`k Nor \iùmk (\N\)

akòvkry systkm. Khkrey lir tgos systkm os privoaka

cy n hnturn` ens cio`kr. Khkrey os rkmivka cy fìska

ìip riiip kvnpirntirs.

kxpiska surlnfks

Siim tkmp.

Cortgohe Quc

Snaonht


62/103

- QGKVOV ZSIZIVN@


63/103

6

Fgrostipgkr Ckfdkr

Akfkmckr ?, 3:>1

Cistih Nrfgotkfturn` Fi``kek

Mnstkrs il Nrfgotkfturk

Qgksos Zripisn`

Onh Qnckrhkr

Qgksos Zriernm Aorkftir

Bnmks Huzum

Qgksos Vkmohnr Ohstruftir

Vusnh Qwimky

Qgksos Vtuaoi Ohstruftir

Rnf \nwtkr nt tgk Uo`òs Qiwkr, Fgofnei

Zgiti2 Cronh Dkrsky, NZ

QGKVOV ZSIZIVN@ -

QGKVOV ZSIZIVN@

Fgn``kheohe Aosncoòty2Nh Ohfùsovk, Kxpkrokhton`, nha Mu`tovn`kht Cortgohe Fkhtkr

gn``kheohe Aosncoòty


64/103

- QGKVOV ZSIZIVN@


65/103

Qnc`k il Fihtkhts

Qgksos Vummnry

Ncstrnft

Qgksos Vtntkmkht

Mktgias il Ohquory & Qkrms il Frotofosm

Zriernm Vk`kftoih

Votk Vk`kftoih

Fnsk Vtuaoks

Vdktfg Zric`km

Cuo`aohe Vystkms Ohtkerntoih

Gkn`tg nha Uk``hkss Fihtrocutoih

Vfgkau`k

Nhhitntka Coc`oiernpgy

QGKVOV ZSIZIVN@ -


66/103

Qgksos Vummnry

Fgrostipgkr Ckfdkr

Fgrostipgkr.ckfdkrJtgk-cnf.kau 5-?33-;:?<

Fgn``kheohe Aosncoòty2 Nh Ohfùsovk, Kxpkrokhton`, nha Mu`tovn`kht Cortgohe Fkhtkr

Ncstrnft2

Aosncoòty ns nh oakn os kvi`vohe. Fimmih`y tgiuegt il ns n pgysofn` fihaotoih, aosncoòty kxtkhas ckyiha

luhftoihn` coiìey nha ohfùaks sifon` nha khvorihmkhtn` lnftirs. Nffkssocoòty rkeu`ntoihs gnvk

ohfrknska luhftoihnòty il tgk khvorihmkht lir n ̀ omotka pkrfkhtnek il uskrs promnro`y lifusohe il ossuks

il pgysofn` micoòty. [hovkrsn` aksoeh navifntks gnvk nttkmptka ti rknfg n crinakr rnhek il uskrs.

Ugo`k nh omprivkmkht ivkr ekhkrof nffkssocoòty fiak rkquorkmkhts, uhovkrsn` aksoehs iltkh rkquork tgk

uskr ti nanpt ti tgk aksoehka priauft oh n rkauftovk wny. Skfiehozohe tgk suffkss il uhovkrsn` miak`s,

tgos pribkft nttkmpts ti fgn``khek hitoihs ih giw aovkrsk uskrs fnh pnrtofopntk oh n priernm lnfoòtntka

cy nh ohfùsovk, kxpkrokhton`, nha mu`tovn`kht aksoeh. Qgk Cortgohe Fkhtkr os nh oakn` priernm ti

fgn``khek hitoihs ih aosncoòty nha tgk cuo`t khvorihmkht. Qgk fimp`kx pgysofn`, sifon`, kmitoihn`, nha

sporotun` hnturk il prkehnhfy nha `ncir fimpòfntks fihfkpts ih aosncoòty. Qgk priernm privoaks lkrto`k

eriuha ti kvnùntk giw tgiuegtlu` aksoeh fnh ckttkr lnfoòtntk tgk cortgohe kxpkrokhfk lir n aovkrsk

rnhek il uskrs.

Qgksos Vtntkmkht2

Oh irakr ti nakquntk`y naarkss tgk mnhy lnftirs tgnt rksu`t oh aosfromohntiry khvorihmkhts, wk must

fgn``khek ekhkrof nha rkauftovk mknsurks ohstkna lnvirohe systkms tgnt privoak lir mu`tovn`kht,

ohfùsovk, nha kxpkrokhton` nrfgotkfturk.

Mktgias il Ohquory2

Kvnùntk giw nrfgotkfturn` lnfoòtntirs nha khvorihmkhtn` stomuò fnh ckttkr suot aovkrsk uskrs.

Frotoquk nffkssocoòty aksoeh stnhanras nha uhovkrsn` prohfop`ks oh naarkssohe aovkrsk uskrs.

Aosfivkr giw tkfghofn` navnhfks nha sifon` akvkìpmkhts nrk fgn``kheohe hitoihs ih aosncoòty.

Qkrms il Frotofosm2

Ai lnfoòtntirs nha stomu`ntoihs privoak lir n mirk lu`lo`òhe uskr kxpkrokhfk9

Ai spnfks nha fihstruftoihs nssost, nanpt, nha lnfoòtntk nffiraohe ti tgk aovkrsoty il uskrs9

Aiks tgk nrfgotkfturn` ̀ nheunek nha kxpkrokhfk fgn``khek nha fihtrocutk ti hitoihs ih

aosncoòty9

Cuoàohe Qypiìey2

Gkn`tg nha Uk``hkss, Cortgohe Fkhtkr2 kaufntoih, `ncir, akòvkry, nha rkfivkry skrvofks lir

aovkrsk uskrs.

Npprixomntk priernm sozk2 3;,::: ‖

6;,::: sl.

Votk nha @ifntoih2

N


67/103

Ncstrnft

Fgn``kheohe Aosncoòty os nciut rkohvkstoentohe iur uhakrstnhaohe il nrfgotkfturk nha ot‟s rk`ntoih ti

aovkrsk uskrs. Zroir ti wirdohe ns n aosncoòty roegts navifntk, O gna òtt`k fihfkpt il tgk fìsk

rk`ntoihsgop cktwkkh nrfgotkfturk nha aosncoòty. O dhkw tgnt cuoàohes wkrk rkquorka ti ck nffkssoc`k

nffiraohe ti fiak rkquorkmkhts. O n`si dhkw tgnt uhovkrsn` aksoeh mktgiaiìeoks wkrk usklu` oh

frkntohe mirk ohfùsovk khvorihmkhts. Giwkvkr, O gna òtt`k uhakrstnhaohe lir tgk aollkrkhfk cktwkkh

tgksk twi fihfkpts, tgkor strkhetgs, nha tgkor òmotntoihs. Qgk ein` il tgos tgksos os nh nttkmpt tirkohvkstoentk nha fgn``khek my iwh hitoihs ih aosncoòty nha nrfgotkfturk.

Oh tgk moaa`k il tgos akerkk priernm O khfiuhtkrka n pgkhimkhn` òlk fgnheohe kvkht, tgk cortg il my

lorst fgoà. Ugkh O wns tgohdohe nciut tgos tgksos tipof oh rk`ntoih ti my rkfkht òlk kxpkrokhfk, O dhkw

tgnt n cortgohe fkhtkr wns nh kxfk``kht fgiofk oh priernm. Zrkehnhfy nha `ncir nrk hit usun``y

nssifontka wotg aosncoòty4 giwkvkr, tgk ommkaontk luhftoihn` rknòtoks nrk quotk somo`nr. Ugo`k simk

wimkh mny kxpkrokhfk ih`y mohir òlk nabustmkhts aurohe prkehnhfy, itgkrs mny gnvk tgkor wirà

titn``y rkirenhozka. Ihk tgohe tgnt O ̀ knrhka tgriueg wothkssohe tgk prifkss il prkehnhfy, `ncir, nha

akòvkry lorst gnha os tgnt tgk khvorihmkht gns n soeholofnht kllkft ih tgk kxpkrokhfk il tgk cortgohe

mitgkr. N`` tii iltkh tgos rk`ntoihsgop os oehirka.

Kheòsg nrtost Nòsih @nppkr os wk`` nwnrk il tgk fimmih tkhakhfy ti aklohk n pkrsih cnska ih

aosncoòty. Lnfka wotg frotofosm aurohe gkr iwh prkehnhfy, @nppkr gns ckfimk n pipu`nr symci` lir

ivkrfimohe navkrsoty. Gkr loeurk, fnst cy Mnrf ûohh gns ckkh p`nfka oh primohkht kxgocots wiràwoak.

Iltkh wimkh oh n somo`nr sotuntoih ti @nppkr lnfk aosfromohntoih ir aosnpprivn` oh fgoàcortg, simk il ot

cy tgk cuo`t khvorihmkht.

Nh ohfùsovk cortgohe fkhtkr wo`` privoak n suppirtovk khvorihmkht lir `ncirohe mitgkrs nha tgkor

suppirt fimmuhotoks rkenra`kss il pgysofn`, skhsiry, ir mkhtn` aollkrkhfk. [hòdk nffkssoc`k aksoeh nha

uhovkrsn` aksoeh, n mu`tovn`kht npprinfg wo`` nssost, nanpt, nha lnfoòtntk tgk cortgohe kxpkrokhfk lir

aovkrsk uskrs tgriueg spnton` rk`ntoihsgops nha nrfgotkfturn` fihstruftoihs.

Nòsih @nppkr Zrkehnht cy Mnrf ûohh

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Qgksos Vtntkmkht

Iltkh wk tgohd il aosncoòty ns simktgohe dhiwh nha mknsurnc`k. Oh lnft, aosncoòty os kvkr prkskht cut

vkry aollofu`t ti aklohk. Qgkrk nrk pricnc`y ivkr n aizkh skpnrntk aosncoòty tgkiroks tgnt nttkmpt ti

naarkss tgk qukstoih il aosncoòty.

Lir tgk erkntkr pnrt il tgk `nst twi fkhturoks, aosncoòty gns ckkh uhakrstiia tgriueg n mkaofn`/pgysofn`

miak`. Qgos miak` fgnrnftkrozka n aosnc`ka pkrsih ns simkihk wgi‟s pgysofn`, skhsiry, ir mkhtn`fgnrnftkrostofs aollkrka lrim n prksfrocka hirm (Bighstihk, >7). Zrnftotoihkrs wgi nsfrocka ti tgk

mkaofn` miak` uhakrstiia aosncoòty ns simktgohe tgnt fiuà ck si`vka tgriueg prksfrocka trkntmkht

(kx. symptimntof tgkrnpy ir mkaofntoih) ir cy nssostovk tkfghiìeoks (kx. pristgktofs ir micoòty

akvofks).

Nrfgotkfturk os ohkxtrofnc`y òhdka ti aosncoòty. Navifntks oh tgk aosncoòty roegts mivkmkht pripkr`y

aonehiska ihk il tgk mnbir siurfks il aosncoòty, khvorihmkhtn` cnrrokrs. Qgk kvi`vohe sifon` miak` il

aosncoòty sueeksts tgnt aosncoòty iffurs wgkh n pkrsih khfiuhtkrs simk lirm il aosfromohntohe

khvorihmkht. Nrfgotkfturn` cnrrokrs nrk n promk fu`prot.

Ohoton``y, aksoehkrs tnsdka wotg naarkssohe cnrrokrs npprinfgka tgk ossuk tgriueg tgk mkaofn` miak` il

aosncoòty. Nffkssocoòty rkquorkmkhts wkrk prksfrocka ti cuoàohes nha iltkh nppòka ns nltkrtgiuegts.

Ugo`k privoaohe n `kvk` il nffkss prkvoius`y uhnvno`nc`k, aksoehs cnska ih tkfghofn` rkquorkmkhts wkrk

spkfolof ti ih`y n spkfolof eriup, usun``y pkrtnohohe ti tgk wgkk`fgnor uskr.

Qkfghofn` rkquorkmkhts oh tgk nffkssocoòty fiaks nrk goeg`y spkfolof ti pkip`k usohe wgkk`fgnors lir

micoòty. Qgky ohfùak rnmp sìpk mnxomums, rknfg rnheks, nha f`knr woatgs. Nssostovk akvofks sufg ns

tgk k`kvntir, gnha rnoòhes, nha ernc cnrs nrk naaka ti strntkeof ìfntoihs. Ivkrn``, tgk nrfgotkfturn`

k`kmkhts nrk aosfrktk nha iltkh skkm iut il p`nfk. Qgk usk il tgksk lknturks arnws uhwnhtka nttkhtoih

lurtgkr strkhetgkhohe osi`ntoih. N mnbiroty il tgksk fihvkhtoihn` rkeu`ntoihs lno` ti naarkss pkrsihs

wgi nrk aknl ir còha. Qgkrk os hi fihsoakrntoih eovkh ti fgkmofn` skhsotovoty, spnton` pgicons, ir nhy

itgkr mkhtn` ir sifon` rkspihsks.

N fihvkhtoihn` aiir tgnt mkkts tgk tkfghofn` rkquorkmkhts il

nffkssocoòty rkeu`ntoihs cut os tii spkfolof ti nssost n`` uskrs.

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Navifntks nha wk`` ohtkhtoihka aksoehkrs siih ckfnmk nwnrk il tgk ohnakqunfy il rk`yohe ih fiak

rkquorkmkhts lir ohfùsovk spnfks. Qgk [hovkrsn` Aksoeh ([A) mivkmkht pripiska nh ohtkhtoihn` aksoeh

tgohdohe ti fihsoakr tgk crinakst rnhek il pissoc`k uskrs tgriuegiut n`` pgnsks il tgk aksoeh prifkss

(Krdoòf, >?1). Zriaufts il [A tkhaka ti rklirm tgk mkaofn`-spkfolof sty`k il icbkfts lir n mirk lirmnòst

nha ekhkrof nppknrnhfk. N ein` il [A wns ti mndk priaufts nppknòhe ti n`` uskrs rntgkr tgnh fn`` iut

aollkrkhfks.

Qgk [A mivkmkht gns mnak soeholofnht navnhfks oh giw wk fihfkptunòzk ohfùsovk spnfks, giwkvkr, otos hit wotgiut frotofosm. Qgk ekhkrof hnturk il [hovkrsn` priaufts ckfimks pric`kmntof lir simk pkip`k

wgi fiuà oh rknòty ckhklot lrim spkfolof rklkrkhfks ti tgkor aosncoòty (kx. n pkrsih wgi os còha ckhklots

lrim aktkftnc`k wnrhohes). Iltkh [hovkrsn` aksoehs rkquork tgk uskr ti nanpt ti tgk priauft, rntgkr

tgnh tgk priauft nanptohe ti tgk uskr. Lohn``y, kha priaufts iltkh `kna ti siùtoihs tgnt rkaufk skhsiry

kxpkrokhfk oh kxfgnhek lir ekhkrof fihsumptoih.

N uhovkrsn` khtry wotg `kvk` `nhaohes ohsoak nha iut gns n sòaohe e`nss

aiir tgnt nutimntofn``y ipkhs wotg hi uskrs ohtkrnftoih rkquorka.

Qgk ohtkht il tgos tgksos os hit ti sueekst tgnt fihvkhtoihn` nffkssocoòty rkquorkmkhts ir [A os simkgiw

lnu`ty ir ohnakquntk. Qgos os pnrt`y truk ckfnusk n suffksslu` ir lno`ka aksoeh wo`` n`wnys akpkha ih giw

tgksk aksoeh systkms nrk nppòka, kotgkr wotg fnrklu` tgiuegt ir wotg c`ntnht aosrkenra. Mirk

ompirtnht`y tgos tgksos os ohtkhaka ti sueekst tgnt aosncoòty os n fimp`kx fihfkpt, nha tgkrklirk iur

nrfgotkfturn` systkms sgiuà ck kqun``y fimp`kx nha tgiuegtlu`. N‐mu`tovn`kht

” (Bkhds) npprinfg ti

nrfgotkfturn` aksoeh os hkkaka ti naarkss tgk fimp`kxotoks il aovkrsk uskr eriups oh tgk cuo`t

khvorihmkht. Aksoehkrs must tndk nh nftovost npprinfg oh naarkssohe aovkrsoty nha khvorihmkhts.

Aksoehs sgiuà lnfoòtntk pnrtofopntoih nha ohfùsoih oh tgk nrfgotkfturn` priernm.

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Ncivk nrk twi ohfùsovk, kxpkrokhton`, nha mu`tovn`kht khtrnhfks.

Iroeohn` pgitis cy Mofgnk` Zknrh (`klt) nha Qrnvnnsn Sksirts roegt.

‐Mu`tovn`kht nrfgotkfturk nfts ns n fntn`yst ih tgk moha, prividohe wgi``y hkw ohtkrprktntoihs wgofg, oh

giwkvkr smn`` n wny, nllkft tgk ohaovoaun`. Qgk rnhek, akòfnfy nha fimp`kxoty il mknhohes wgofg kxost

oh n mu`tovn`kht wird gnvk nh nhnìeius kllkft ih tgk moha tgnt ohtkrnfts wotg tgkm. [`tomntk`y, wk nrk

trnhslirmka cy wgnt wk kxpkrokhfk…”

Fgnr`ks Bkhds, lrim ‐Qgk @nheunek il Zist-Miakrh Nrfgotkfturk

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Mktgias il Ohquory nha Qkrms il Frotofosm

MIO2 Kvnùntk giw nrfgotkfturn` lnfoòtntirs nha khvorihmkhtn` stomuò fnh ckttkr suot aovkrsk uskrs.

Nrfgotkfturn` lnfoòtntirs fiuà ck akvofks tgnt nssost uskrs oh nffkssohe n cuoàohe sufg ns nh k`kvntir ir n

gnharno`. Qgky fiuà n`si ck spnton` rk`ntoihsgops tgnt privoak ohtomntk pripirtoihs lir pkip`k wgi

ckhklot lrim lkkòhe suppirtka ns n rksu`t il trnumntof strkssirs. Khvorihmkhtn` stomu`ntoihs tgnt wiuà

ckhklot aovkrsk uskrs fiuà ohfùak tgk siuha il `nppohe wntkr, ary ir anmp ntmispgkrk, ir ekht`kohaorkft òegt. Qgksk nrfgotkfturn` akvofks moegt privoak fn`mohe stomu`ntoihs ti n crnoh fnhfkr pntokht,

suppirtovk spnfks lir n mitgkr aurohe `ncir, ir nanptnc`k k`kmkhts lir n pkrsih wotg òmotka micoòty.

QIF2 Ai tgksk lnfoòtntirs nha stomu`ntoihs privoak lir mirk lu`lo`òhe uskr kxpkrokhfk9

Vdktfg il Qgkrmn` Cntgs oh \n`s, Vwotzkr`nha. Zktkr Rumtgir.

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MIO2 Zrivoak frotoquk ih nffkssocoòty aksoeh stnhanras nha uhovkrsn` prohfop`ks oh naarkssohe aovkrsk

uskrs.

Qii iltkh wk nrk fihlrihtka wotg cuoàohes tgnt gnvk si mnhy tkfghofn` akvofks, systkms, nha lknturkstgnt n`` skhsk il kxpkrokhfk os ìst. Qgk somp`k tnsd il trnvkòhe tgriueg n aiirwny fnh fnusk uhknsk lir

hi nppnrkht rknsih. Qgkrk nrk nutimntof aiirs, git nor cìwkrs, aiuc`k aiir vkstocu`ks, croegt nrtolofon`

òegtohe, skfuroty fnmkrns, tgk òst eiks ih. Qkfghofn` nspkfts il aksoeh nrk ompirtnht cut nppòka

wotgiut fnrklu` fihsoakrntoih nha p`nhhohe akernaks tgk kxpkrokhfk il usohe nha iffupyohe n cuoàohe.

Qgk snmk fnh ck snoa lir nffkssocoòty lknturks. Qii iltkh, tgky nrk uhhkfkssnry aostrnftoihs. Ol

iroeohn``y aksoehka wotg n aovkrsk rnhek il uskrs tgksk naaotoihn` rkquorkmkhts mny hit ck hkfkssnry.

Nt tgk snmk tomk, tgkrk nrk rkn` pgysofn` hkkas lir cuoàohes ti nssost tgk uskr, nha hit bust tgk uskr wgi

gnppkhs ti gnvk n aosncoòty.

QIF2 Ai spnfks nssost, nanpt, nha lnfoòtntk nffiraohe ti tgk aovkrsoty il uskrs9

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MIO2 Aosfivkr giw itgkr aosfopòhks sufg ns coihofs nha akvkìpohe sifon` trkhas nrk fgn``kheohe iur

hitoihs ih aosncoòty.

Fnsk Vtuay2 Qgk Coimkfgntrihofs Sksknrfg Eriup / MOQ Mkaon @nc4 Aorkftir, Gueg Gkrr, ZgA

Zgiti cy Cronh Vhyakr/Skutkrs

Gueg Gkrr, Aorkftir il tgk MOQ Coimkfgntrihofs Sksknrfg Eriup (CSE) gns poihkkrka tgk kllirt nt

frkntohe ohhivntovk tkfghiìeoks tgnt nrk rkaklohohe iur uhakrstnhaohe il aosncoòty. CoIM systkms nrk

mirk tgnh bust yiur iraohnry pristgktofs. Qgky nrk n fimp`kx ohtkerntoih il coiìey, mkfgnhofs, nha

k`kftrihofs. Qgksk pristgktofs nrk ohtkerntka ohti tgk ciay nha rkspiha ti hkrvk stomu`ntoihs ti

fimmuhofntk wotg nftuntirs tgnt mivk tgk pristgktof ti momof gumnh mivkmkht. O ckòkvk tgos ciay

il wird cy tgk CSE gns guek ompòfntoihs lir iur uhakrstnhaohe il aosncoòty nha giw nrfgotkfturk

sgiuà ck rkspihaohe ti tgksk fgnheks oh tkfghiìey nha tgk gumnh ciay. My tgksos wo`` ck ohlirmka

cy n fìskr ìid nt wgnt os ckohe nffimpòsgka nt tgk CSE.

QIF2 Aiks tgk nrfgotkfturn` `nheunek nha kxpkrokhfk fgn``khek nha fihtrocutk ti hitoihs ih aosncoòty9

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Zriernm

Oh fgiisohe n priernm, my mnoh ein` wns ti sk`kft nh khvorihmkht tgnt wiuà ck kxpkrokhfka cy n

crina rnhek il ohaovoaun`s wotg aollkrohe pgysofn` nha kmitoihn` fihaotoihs. Oh irakr ti lu``y naarkss

citg kmitoihn` nha pgysofn` hkkas ot wns ompirtnht tgnt tgk priernm fnrry n crina rnhek il

mu`toskhsiry fnpncoòtoks. Vomu`tnhkius`y, tgk priernm hkkaka ti ck spkfolof khiueg ti naarkss

ohtomntk nha pkrsihn` hkkas

Cortgohe Fkhtkrs gnvk ckkh enohohe woaksprkna pipu`nroty nmihe fiup`ks wgi wosg ti gnvk snlk,

hnturn`, nha ohtomntk cortgohe kxpkrokhfks. Qgk promnry uskr, tgk `ncirohe mitgkr, fgn``kheks iur

prkfihfkovka hitoihs il aosncoòty. Giwkvkr, sgk mny hit ck tgk ih`y uskr tgnt kxpkrokhfks aosncòhe

khvorihmkhts aurohe tgk prifkss il `ncir. Qgk uhoquk rkquorkmkhts il n cortgohe fkhtkr nha ots

aovkrsoty il uskrs os nh oakn` priernm ti fgn``khek iur uhakrstnhaohe il aosncoòty nha kxpìrk ohfùsovk,

kxpkrokhton`, nha mu`tovn`kht khvorihmkhts.

Zrnftofn` priernmmntof rkquorkmkhts ohfùak2

i Ohtomntk, skhsiry khvorihmkhts lir `ncirohe fiup`ks

i Luhftoihn` khvorihmkhts lir suppirtohe mkmckrs

i Vuppirtohe khvorihmkhts lir pgysofn` nha kmitoihn` trnhsotoih

i Votk fgnrnftkrostofs tgnt suppirt tgk ncivk priernmmntof rkquorkmkhts

Qgkrk nrk mnhy aollkrkht typks il cortgohe fkhtkrs nvno`nc`k ti fiup`ks. Vimk cortg fkhtkrs fìsk`y

momof n gimk cortg khvorihmkht. Nt Qgk Lnrm Moawolkry Fkhtkr oh Qkhhksskk wns liuhaka cy gimk

cortg nha moawolkry poihkkr Ohn Mny Ensdoh. Fittneks nrk nvno`nc`k lir sgirt tkrm ir kxtkhaka rkhtn`.

Fiup`ks nrk pnorka wotg n moawolk lir ̀ ncir nha akòvkry.

N`tkrhntovk`y, tgk Fnmcroaek Cortg Fkhtkr, nlloòntka wotg Fnmcroaek Gispotn`, os ìfntka oh rkhivntka

sohe`k lnmo`y gimk oh nh urcnh fihtkxt. Qgk fkhtkr nffimmiantks skvkrn` fiup`ks nt n tomk. Zrivoakrs

wird fìsk`y wotg tgk nlloòntka gispotn` ̀ ifntka nfriss tgk strkkt.

Nt tgk itgkr kha il tgk spkftrum, simk `nrek gispotn`s nha spkfon`ty gnvk rkwirdka tgkor mntkrhoty

wnras ti mirk fìsk`y rkskmc`k fgnheohe akmnhas. Nt tgk Hofi``kt Uimkh‟s Fkhtkr oh Mohhksitn,

`ncir, akòvkr, nha rkfivkry riims nrk cnska ih spn òdk gispotnòty. Vuotks suppirt n`tkrhntovk cortgohe

mktgias sufg ns wntkr cortgohe.

Lrim `klt ti roegt2 Qgk Lnrm Moawolkry Fkhtkr Knrtg Vgk`tkr, Qgk Fnmcroaek Cortgohe Fkhtkr, nha tgk

Hofi``kt Uimkh‟s Fkhtkr. Zgiti frkaots nrk nttrocutka ti knfg il tgk ncivk ̀ ostka irenhozntoihs.

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Zriernm

Mnssnfgusktts Akpnrtmkht il Zucòf Gkn`tg rkeu`ntoihs, >:;FMS aklohk wgnt priernmmntof

rkquorkmkhts must ck privoaka nt cortg fkhtkrs. Qgk aonernm ckìw sgiws n summnry vkrsoih il tgk

`ken` rkquorkmkhts. Qgk priernmmohe os cnska ih liur cnsof uskrs, tgk cortgohe mitgkr, lnmo`y, nha

fòhofn` wirdkrs. Qgk mkaofn` miak` tkhas ti rkquork gokrnrfgy, spkfolofntoih, nha skpnrntoih il spnfks.

Qgk mkaofn` miak` n`si tkhas ti put fòhofn` fihsoakrntoihs nt tgk fkhtkr il tgk miak`.

cnska ih MN AZG Skeu`ntoihs, >:;FMS, Vkftoihs >13.1:: ‖ >13.17;

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Qgk Uimc

Hkst`ka oh tgk fihlohka fncoh il tgk rifdohe airy, tgk s`kkpohe fgoà wns snlk nha wnrm lrim tgk

rnheohe skn bust ckyiha tgk tgoh sgk``ka gu``. Qgk gu``, pohhka cy skvkrn` sturay cu`dgknas, skpnrntka

tgk fià nha turcu`kht wntkrs nha skn`ka oh tgk stn`k, sn`ty, òlk eovohe, ifknh nor. Qgk wnrm eìw il tgk

swoheohe `nhtkrh lòfdkrka nha anhfka tgriueg tgk tgoh lo`m il tgk fncoh pirtn` nha lk`` upih tgk wkt

nha wkntgkrka lnfk il tgk snoìr. Qgk òegt dkpt tgk snoìr nòvk nha n`krt dhiwohe tgnt gkr fgoà's lntk

`ny oh gkr rksi`vk nenohst tgk tkmpkst4 rkstohe ckhkntg tgk skn oh tgk ciwk`s il gkr vkssk`.

Qgk wimc os tgk mist snfrka p`nfk ih knrtg. Ot os n mnrvk` il coiìeofn` nrfgotkfturk. Ot fihtnohs tgk

mystkry il òlk nha akòvkrs ekhkrntoih nltkr ekhkrntoih. Qgk wimc os wk`` nanptka ti fnrry wgntkvkr

hnturk giàs lir ot wgktgkr ots fihtkht os smn`` ir `nrek ir fimks oh mu`top`ks. Qgk wimc rknfts ti,

rkspihas ti, nha hiurosgks ots ohgncotnht.

Ot os rknsihnc`k ti sueekst tgnt tgk spnfk oh wgofg `ncir tndks p`nfk sgiuà morrir tgk pkrlirmnhfk il

tgk wimc. Qgk wimc os lu`` il suct`k, mu`to-skhsiry kxpkrokhfks. @oegt pkhktrntks tgk utkrohk wn``s

privoaohe òlk's lorst fùks ti tomk nha spnfk. Viuha trnvk`s tgriueg ots mkmcrnhks nha os rkfiehozka ns

fimlirtohe nuaoc`k tihks. Kvkh fgnheks oh aokt privoak vnrokty oh tnstk tgriueg tgk nmhoitof lùoa.

Qgksk suppirtohe prohfop`ks fnh tndk p`nfk oh nrfgotkfturn` spnfk iutsoak tgk wimc ns wk``. Vufg n

spnfk wo`` privoak kmitoihn` suppirt aurohe tgk prifkss il `ncir, akòvkry, nha nffòmntoih ti tgk

ckeohhohe il òlk.

Fihfkpt miak`2 work, fìtg, nha fnracinra. >3”x>3”x7”.

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Zriernm

Oh irakr ti privoak nh ohfùsovk, kxpkrokhton`, nha mu`tovn`kht cortgohe fkhtkr, ot os ompirtnht ti fihsoakr

tgk rnhek il pissoc`k uskrs. Qi ck ns ohfùsovk ns pissoc`k, tgk priernm sgiuà nffimmiantk tgk hkkas

il wimkh wgi mny gnvk soeholofnht fgn``kheks oh `ncir nha akòvkry ns wk`` ns tgisk wgi mny gnvk `kss

aollofu`ty. Qgos mist òdk`y wo`` rkquork n rnhek il suppirts ohfùaohe simk `kvk` il mkaofn` suppirts.

Giwkvkr, ns n wgi`k, tgk cortgohe fkhtkr sgiuà ck aostohft lrim n typofn` mntkrhoty wnra privoaohe ns

mufg suppirts lir hnturn` cortgohe ns pissoc`k.

Cortgohe os n fimmuhoty kllirt. Ugo`k mist il tgk nttkhtoih wo`` rkmnoh ih tgk cortgohe mitgkr, ot os

ompirtnht ti fihsoakr tgk mnhy pkip`k ohvi`vka oh tgk cortgohe prifkss. Vuppirtovk lnmo`y mkmckrs

sgiuà ck ohfùaka ns mufg ns pissoc`k ti tgk kxtkht tgnt os ernhtka cy tgk `ncirohe mitgkr. Qgk fòhofn`

privoakrs nrk kqun``y ompirtnht nha sgiuà ck ohtkerntka ns mufg ns pissoc`k ohti tgk priernm. N

pntokht fkhtkrka miak` wo`` n`ìw ohtkerntoih il n`` tknm mkmckrs tiwnra tgk sohe`k ein` il n snlk nha

fimpnssoihntk cortgohe kxpkrokhfk. Ot mny ck ckhklofon` ti kxpìrk giw tgk mitgkr fnh nftovk`y skkd

iut skrvofks rntgkr tgnh skrvofks ckohe criuegt ti tgk mitgkr. Qgos prinftovk npprinfg mny ck

ckhklofon` oh primitohe tgk hnturn` cortgohe prifkss tgriueg mivkmkht nha ohtuotoih wgo`k khncòhe tgk

mitgkr ti mndk gkr iwh fgiofks aurohe akòvkry.

N mnbiroty il priernmka spnfks wo`` ivkr`np nha gnvk aktno`ka nha fimp`kx rk`ntoihsgops ti ihk

nhitgkr. Qgos wo`` noa oh croheohe tgk fimmuhoty il suppirtkrs tiektgkr lir n fimmih ein`. Ohtomntk

spnfks pnrtofu`nr`y lir tgk mimkhts `knaohe up ti tgk cortg nha bust nltkrwnra wo`` gnvk erkntkr akerkks

il provnfy. Lnmo`y spnfks wo`` n`si privoak akerkks il provnfy.

QGKVOV ZSIZIVN@ - 55


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>7

Zriernm

Zriernm Vgkkt

Nftovoty HVL Qitn`s

Mitgkr/Cncy Vuotk < x 7:: = 1,7::sl

Ak`ovkry Siim…………..………..…..,3::sl

Fimmih Vpnfk………………….…6,:::sl

Fimmuhoty Vuppirt ;,:::sl

Mivkmkht Vtuaoi…………..…….>,


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QGKVOV ZSIZIVN@ -

Gkn`tg nha Uk``hkss

Mufg il iur fu`turn` uhakrstnhaohes il gkn`tg nha wk``hkss nrk nttnfgka ti n mytgofn` mktrof dhiwh

ns tgk hirmn`. Hirmn` ciay tkmpkrnturk os ?7.< akerkks L. Hirmn` CMO os >7.; ti 3;.:. Knr`y

fgoàgiia eriwtg os fgnrtka ih n hirmnòzka furvk. Qgksk nrk fkrtnoh`y piwkrlu` tii`s ti gk`p

aonehisk gkn`tg pric`kms. Giwkvkr, hirmn`fy os hit n eiia prkaoftir lir ivkrn`` gkn`tg nha wk``hkss.

Iltkh hirmn`fy os aollofu`t, ompissoc`k ir uhhkfkssnry ti aklohk.

Cuoàohe fiaks nrk fihloeurka lir tgk hirmn` uskr. Kvkh nffkssocoòty fiaks gnvk n hirmnòzohe cons ti

tgkm. Iltkh n cuoàohe os tgiuegt ti ck nffkssoc`k ol simkihk usohe n wgkk`fgnor os nc`k ti rknfg n``

ohtkroir spnfks. @kss akvkìpka, os hnvoentoih nha irokhtntoih lir tgk pkrsih wgi os còha, gns ìw

vosoih, gns òmotka gknrohe ir gns n crnoh cnska aosncoòty lir kxnmp`k. Ugo`k uhovkrsn` aksoeh akvkìps

n priauft tgnt nttkmpts ti nffimmiantk tgk woakst rnhek il pissoc`k uskrs. Iltkh tgos aksoeh prifkss

rkaufks skhsiry nha fu`turn` kxpkrokhfk oh irakr ti ai si.

Mirk fimpk`òhe os tgk pissocoòty lir nrfgotkfturk ti nanpt ti nha fgn``khek n aovkrsk uskr eriup. N

ekhkrof `kvk` khtry mny ck khgnhfka cy n sòegt fgnhek oh tipiernpgy tgnt eovks tgk kxpkrokhfk il

nsfkhaohe ir aksfkhaohe. N fgnhek oh nfiustofn` qunòty nt tgk khtrnhfk mny privoak tgk skhsk il

tgrksgià tgnt wiuà itgkrwosk ck n cnrrokr. Cy fgn``kheohe iur nrfgotkfturk ti nanpt nha rkspiha ti

aovkrsk uskrs, wk fnh mirk kllkftovk`y ohfirpirntk n crinakr eriup il pkip`k ohti n gkn`tgy sifokty.

Oh tgk mnbiroty il òtkrnturk, hnturn` cortgohe os fihsoakrka ih`y nh iptoih lir hirmn` prkehnhfoks wotg

hi pkrfkovka fimpòfntoihs. Nssumk oh tgos fnsk tgnt tgk cnrrokrs ti tgos mitgkr gnvohe n hnturn` cortg

nrk somp`y tgnt tgk nrfgotkfturk ti suppirt gkr aksorka mktgia il cortgohe nha tgk kxpkrtosk oh nssostohe

tgnt cortg os uhnvno`nc`k. Ot os pissoc`k tgnt tgk pric`km os hit tgk pkrsih‟s aosncoòty cut n `nfd il

suppirtovk dhiw`kaek nha nrfgotkfturk ti ohfùak gkr. Zrivoaohe tgk nrfgotkfturk os gn`l tgk cntt`k oh

frkntohe mirk ohfùsovk khvorihmkhts nha pissocoòtoks.

Fnrk`kss aksoeh os ih`y ihk il mnhy strufturn` cnrrokrs ti n mirk ohfùsovk sifokty. Fihsoakr tgk spkfolof

kxnmp`k il cortgohe. Ugo`k cortgohe gns iffurrka tgriueg hnturn` prifkssks lir tgiusnhas il yknrs, tgk

`nst fkhtury gns hirmnòzka tgk prifkss nha akòvkry il cortg. Qgos hirmnòzntoih gns ckkh ckhklofon` ohmnhy wnys. Ot gns mnak cortgohe snlk ti mitgkrs, wgi cnska ih simk pgysofn` fihaotoih, wiuà

itgkrwosk ck nt goeg rosd lir fimpòfntoihs. _kt lir mnhy rknsihs n wimnh mny aksork n mirk hnturn`

cortg. Qgos kxpkrokhfk os `nrek`y uhnvno`nc`k ti wimkh wotg aosnco òtoks ckfnusk il kotgkr mkaofn`

prilkssoihn` nttotuaks tiwnras aosncoòty, pgysofn` rknòtoks tgnt fimpòfntk n snlk akòvkry, ir

uhsuppirtovk pgysofn` khvorihmkhts (Siekrs, >:>->:6).

N ein` lir tgos pribkft os ti oakhtoly giw fnrklu` aksoeh fihsoakrntoihs fnh khfiurnek n mirk ohfùsovk

eriup il uskrs oh tgk cortg fkhtkr priernm. Mist cortgohe fkhtkrs kmpgnsozk hnturn` prifkssks ivkr

mirk fihtri``ka mkaofn` ihks. Lir tgos tgksos, ot wo`` ck hkfkssnry ti rk-kvnùntk tgk pissocoòtoks lir n

mirk ohfùsovk nha fimp`kx cortg fkhtkr miak`.

5?


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MOAA@KVKW LK@@V ZNSD

HISQG SKVKS\IOS

QIUH IL UOHFGKVQKS

VOQK

- QGKVOV ZSIZIVN@7:


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Votk Nhn`ysos

Qgk sk`kftka sotk os ìfntka nìhesoak tgk Hirtgwkst firhkr il tgk Moaa`kskx Lk``s Znrd oh Uohfgkstkr,

MN. Oh tgos ìfntoih tgk fihskrvntoih `nha os squkkzka cktwkkh tgk Hirtg Skskrvior Anm nha Goeg`nha

Nvkhuk. N smn`` sòfk il rksoakhton` nrkn òks cktwkkh tgksk twi kaek fihaotoihs. Ih tgk wkst soak il

Goeg`nha Nvkhuk os tgk Uohfgkstkr Gispotn`.

Qgk pnrd systkm privoaks mnhy mo`ks il trno`s lir wn`dohe nha n`tgiueg ih`y skvkh mo`ks lrim Cistih,

ihk os ommkaontk`y trnhslirmka ti n mirk skrkhk skttohe nt tgk kaek il tgk Lk``s. Qgk rkskrvior privoaks

n vosun` rkòkl lrim tgk itgkrwosk akhsk urcnh nha sucurcnh khvorihmkhts il erkntkr Cistih. Qgk pnrd

systkm os n erknt ìfntoih lir icskrvohe tgk fgnheohe il sknsihs ir kvkh n rnohy any lrim tgk ohsoak il n

ary nha wnrm spnfk.

Oh my prifkss il sotk sk`kftoih O envk promnry fihsoakrntoih ti ipkh spnfk nha hnturn` khvorihmkhts.

Qgk kxpkrokhton` qunòtoks il hnturk privoak nh kxfk``kht skttohe lir tgk prifkss il `ncir nha akòvkry

wgofg tkha ti ohaufk goeg `kvk`s il strkss. Vomp`y privoaohe nh ipkh wohaiw ti tgk sdy ir ti tgk fiìrlu`

trkk tips fiuà ck khiueg ti fn`m ihksk`l cnfd ohti tgk `ncir mnhtrn.

Qgk pripiska sotk os ìfntka ih Goeg`nha Nvkhuk ih n strop il


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Votk Nhn`ysos

N skfiha fihsoakrntoih, fiuhtkrohtuotovk`y, wns ti sk`kft n sotk wotg simk fgn``kheks ti ohfùsoih.

@ifntohe tgk cortgohe fkhtkr oh tgk gknrt il Cistih ih n l`nt sotk wotg knsy nffkss ti trnhspirtntoih nha

wn`dnc`k soakwn`ds wiuà mndk pkrlkft cusohkss skhsk. Giwkvkr, fgiisohe n fgn``kheohe sotk lrim tgk

stnhapioht il pgysofn` nffkssocoòty wo`` lirfk tgk aksoeh ti rkspiha ti tgksk fgnheks. Qgkrklirk, n sotk

wns fgiskh wotg simk tipiernpgofn` fgn``kheks.

Vifoi-kfihimofn``y, Uohfgkstkr os fkrtnoh`y hit tgk mist ohfùsovk tiwh. Giwkvkr, ìidohe ckyiha tgk

ommkaontk skttohe, tgkrk nrk aovkrsk fimmuhotoks wotgoh n twkhty mohutk arovk ohfùaohe Mnàkh,

Kvkrktt, Uicurh, Vimkrvo``k, Cistih, nha Curòhetih. Ot os goeg`y òdk`y tgnt pkip`k lrim tgksk

fimmuhotoks wo`` fihsoakr tgk cortgohe fkhtkr oh Uohfgkstkr ivkr tgkor ̀ ifn` gispotn`s.

Uk fnh n`si npp`y tgk fihfkpt il ohfùsovoty ti tgk cuo`t khvorihmkht. Vtrihe fimmuhotoks nrk iltkh

mnak il up aovkrsk usks. Qgos aovkrsoty nt tgk urcnh sfn`k mny ohfùak n moxturk il zihohe, ipkh spnfk,

ohstotutoihn`, nha ohaustron` skttohes. Akhsoty il usk os ohfùsovk wgkh vnroka. Vtrihe fimmuhotoks

ckhklot lrim fkhtkrs il akhsk fimmkrfk ns wk`` ns rksoakhton` crkntgohe riim. Qgk skmo-urcnh rnaous

nriuha tgk sotk privoaks n`` il tgk ncivk fihaotoihs.

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Fnsk Vtuay ‖ Mnsoih n Ciraknux

Qgk Mnosih n Ciraknux os ìfntka ih n go`` oh Lìornf ckyiha tgk foty fkhtkr. Qgk giusk wns aksoehka cy

Skm Dii`gnns ns n p`nhhka rktrknt nwny lrim foty òlk nha ohti tgk cufiòf sucurc lir n fòkht nha gos

lnmo`y. Oh tgk moaa`k il tgk aksoeh prifkss, tgk fòkht, n lntgkr il twi fgoàrkh, wns oh n fnr nffoakht

wgofg rksu`tka oh n skvkrk aosncoòty tgnt nllkftka gos micoòty. Ns tgk stiry eiks, ti tgk surprosk il

mnhy, li`ìwohe tgos ohfoakht tgk mnh akf`nrka, gk wnhtka Dii`gnns ti aksoeh n fimp`kx giusk rntgkr

tgnh simktgohe somp`k.

Kxtkroir pgitiernpg il tgk Mnosih n Ciraknux. Dii`gnns2 Giuskòlk.

O fnh ih`y spkfu`ntk ns ti wgnt tgos mnh wns akf`nrohe wgkh gk mnak tgos stntkmkht, cut cnska ih tgk

aksoehka rksu`t, O nm `ka ti ckòkvk tgnt gk aoa hit wnht tgk giusk ti òmot ir aklohk gom oh nhy wny.

Qgos skhtomkht morrirs mnhy pkip`k wgi kxpkrokhfk aollkrkhfk ir aosfromohntoih cnska ih sifon` nha

khvorihmkhtn` fihstrufts tgky khfiuhtkr. Ot os fimmih lir pkip`k wgi gnvk simk `

Challenging Disability: An Inclusive, Experiential, and Multivalent Birth Center

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