CHALLENGES OF PRECISION AGRICULTURE IN THE PHILIPPINES Brenda S. Tubana Brenda S. Tubana.
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Transcript of CHALLENGES OF PRECISION AGRICULTURE IN THE PHILIPPINES Brenda S. Tubana Brenda S. Tubana.
CHALLENGES OF PRECISION AGRICULTURECHALLENGES OF PRECISION AGRICULTUREIN THE PHILIPPINESIN THE PHILIPPINES
Brenda S. TubanaBrenda S. Tubana
OVERVIEW Products of precision agriculture Philippines: Information and basic statistics Agriculture in the Philippines Problems in Philippine Agriculture Challenges and Strategies Conclusion
Products of Precision Agriculture To increase production
Products of Precision Agriculture To decrease environmental and human life risk
The Philippines
Location: Southeastern Asia, archipelago between the Phil. Sea and the south China Sea
Information and basic figures The Philippines is an
archipelago of some 7100 islands
Total land area: 298,170 sq km, slight larger than Arizona
Climate: tropical marine Population: 80 million The population is predominantly
rural (57%), with 43% living in urban areas. Employment in the agricultural sector accounts for 44% of the 24-million-person labor force.
Resources
RICH LANDRICH LAND
LABORLABOR
FAVORABLE CLIMATEFAVORABLE CLIMATE
ON-GOING RESEARCHON-GOING RESEARCH
Agriculture in the Philippines Of the total 30 million ha, 13 million hectares are devoted to
agricultural crops food grain (31%), food crops (52%) and non-food crops (17%)
Agriculture in the Philippines
It is the cornerstone of the country’s economy
It employs 40% of the active population of the country (11.9 million in 1999).
Majority of the farmers use simple tools and draught animals.
Problems in Philippine Agriculture Lack of technical
expertise knowledge and technology
Landlessness Most farms are very
small Low and decreasing
investment in system maintenance
Philippines : Low-Income Food-Deficit Country
One-third (29.6%) of the children in the Philippines are malnourished
50 % of these children are under three years old
8.4% are below the age of six years (1.1 million)
7 % are 7-10 year old schoolers (465,000)
POVERTY POVERTY
LACK OF BUYING POWERLACK OF BUYING POWER
Challenges and Strategies: 1. Reduce yield gaps and increase profit
Factor Strategies Implication
Crop Establishment Manual to machine transplanting; direct seeding
Reduced labor, improved timeliness
Water Management Less-available water-Better maintenance of irrigation & drainage structure; shifts to low water levels
Less water use, more area irrigated, higher water use efficiency
Nutrient management
From blanket to site-specific, need-based nutrient management
Less fertilizer cost, same or higher yield, better quality water and soil
Grain quality Manual to mechanical post-production operation
Timeliness, better grain quality, higher price and profitability
Reduce yield gap and increase profit It is an approach to
feeding rice with nutrients as and when needed
The application and management of nutrients are dynamically adjusted to crop needs of the location and season.
Site-Specific Nutrient ManagementSite-Specific Nutrient Management
Techniques to match crop needs
Leaf color chart for N
Nutrient Omission for P and K
Improving Land preparation
Laser Leveling
Draft Animal
Reduction in time and water required to irrigate the field
Challenges and Strategies2. Bridge knowledge gap and improve technical support
Integrate indigenous knowledge and scientists’ technical knowledge to enhance mutual learning.
Technology delivery system should be reoriented.
Continuous farmer education (FFS – farmer field school and FPR – farmer participatory research)
Effective communication technology Institutional/policy support
Table 1. Mean rice yields and area in 1999.
Country/Region Area‘000 ha
Yieldt ha-1
Yield%
Australia 140 10.1 -
Asia 138,503 3.9 61.4
Philippines 3,978 (6.3)*2.9 71.3
USA 1,442 6.6 34.5
World 155,128 3.8 62.4* Potential rice yield
Table 2. Mean fertilizer inputs and rice yields in on-farm research trials, farmer cooperators’ field, and non-cooperators’ fields in Central Luzon, Philippines in 1996-97.
Particulars No. of Farms
Mean NPK
Kg ha-1
Yield
t ha-1
Yield Gap
%
1996 Wet Season (July to October)
On-farm trials 17 61-20-26 4.16 (1.01) --Farmer Cooperators 28 102-16-23 3.96 (1.31) 4.8Farmer non cooperators 39 117-7-11 3.56 (0.83) 14.4
1997 Dry Season ( January to April)
On-farm trials 17 94-12-31 6.92 (0.90) --Farmer Cooperators 28 130-11-27 6.52 (1.02) 5.8Farmer non cooperators 39 145-7-13 4.25 (1.23) 38.6
Conclusion Economic and environmental benefit of precision
agriculture should be brought into the knowledge of the farmers to achieve impact on productivity and profitability.
References http://www.public.iastate.edu/ ~cfford/342Myth5.htm http://www.unesco.org/courier/2001_01/uk/doss24.htm http://countrystudies.us/philippines/62.htm http://www.gisdevelopment.net/application/agriculture/overview/mi03127pf.htm http://www.photius.com/wfb/wfb1999/philippines/philippines_economy.html http://www.hindu.com/thehindu/seta/2002/02/21/stories/2002022100280400.htm http://www.robot.cs.kobe-u.ac.jp/~botond/ pictures/philip.. http://www.neptunediving.com/.../ about/philippines.php. http://www.knowledgebank.irri.org/ssnm/default.htm http://www.tropentag.de/2002/proceedings/node102.html
THANK YOU!THANK YOU!
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