Challenges for world fish trade by Helga Josupeit Fishery Industry Officer Rome, August 2009.
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Challenges for world fish Challenges for world fish trade trade by Helga Josupeit Fishery Industry Officer Rome, August 2009
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Transcript of Challenges for world fish trade by Helga Josupeit Fishery Industry Officer Rome, August 2009.
Challenges for world fish tradeChallenges for world fish trade
by
Helga Josupeit
Fishery Industry Officer
Rome, August 2009
OutlineOutline
Production Trade Recent developments in commodity
trade main issues for international fish trade
OutlineOutline
Production Trade Recent developments in commodity
trade main issues for international fish trade
Global fish productionGlobal fish production
0
20
40
60
80
100
120
140
160
1975 1979 1983 1987 1991 1995 1999 2003 2007
Mil
lio
n t
on
nes
Capture inland waters Capture marine waters Aquaculture
Global fish production – by countryGlobal fish production – by country
0
20
40
60
80
100
120
140
1601
95
0
19
53
19
56
19
59
19
62
19
65
19
68
19
71
19
74
19
77
19
80
19
83
19
86
19
89
19
92
19
95
19
98
20
01
20
04
20
07
mil
lio
n t
on
nes
Other
Philippines
Russian Federation
Thailand
Viet Nam
Chile
Japan
United States of America
Indonesia
Peru
India
China
Capture fisheries productionCapture fisheries production
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
80
90
100
mil
lio
n t
on
nes
Other
Thailand
Philippines
Russian Federation
India
Chile
Japan
United States of America
Indonesia
Peru
China
Aquaculture productionAquaculture production
0
5
10
15
20
25
30
35
40
mil
lio
n t
on
ne
s
OthersEgyptChilePhilippinesNorwayBangladeshThailandIndonesiaViet NamIndiaChina
OutlineOutline
Production Trade Recent developments in commodity
trade main issues for international fish trade
Fish exportsFish exports
0
5,000
10,000
15,000
20,000
25,000
30,000
35,000
40,000
45,000
50,000
mil
lio
n U
SD
DevelopedDeveloping
Russian exports versus total exportsRussian exports versus total exports
0
10,000
20,000
30,000
40,000
50,000
60,000
70,000
80,000
90,000
100,000
1992 1995 1998 2001 2004 2007
mil
lio
n U
SD
Total exportsRussian exports
Fish Exports in ValueFish Exports in Value
Salmon8%
Small pelagics
7%
Groundfish15%
Cephalopods5%
Crustaceans (others)
7%Fish oil
1%
Fishmeal3%Molluscs
(other)5%
Others22%
Tuna9%
Freshwater2%
Shrimp17%
Fish importsFish imports
0 10,000 20,000 30,000 40,000 50,000 60,000 70,000 80,000
1976
1979
1982
1985
1988
1991
1994
1997
2000
2003
2006
million USD
DevelopingDeveloped
Russian imports versus total Russian imports versus total importsimports
0
10,000
20,000
30,000
40,000
50,000
60,000
70,000
80,000
90,000
100,000
1992 1995 1998 2001 2004 2007
mil
lio
n U
SD
Total importsRussian imports
Russian fish tradeRussian fish trade
0
500
1,000
1,500
2,000
2,500
1992 1995 1998 2001 2004 2007
mil
lio
n U
SD
ImportsExportsNet exports
OutlineOutline
Production Trade Recent developments in commodity
trade main issues for international fish trade
SHRIMPSHRIMP
shrimp is the most important commodity traded worldwide, accounting for about 16% of total export value (of fishery products)
developing countries main source of supply aquaculture very important economic strongly felt by trade low shrimp prices due to economic crisis
TunaTuna
tuna is the only concentrated industry among fisheries industry
share in total trade declining (8% at present)
in the press for resource management concerns and for mercury content
impact of economic crisis not felt
GroundfishGroundfish
very traditional and well established industry
a lot of processing done in China resource under stress for many species however, cod resource returned in
Barents Sea and in Atlantic off Canada impact of economic crisis important
CephalopodsCephalopods
very few consuming countries important industry in a handful of
countries resource difficult to assess prices up for squid, due to extremely
low catch in 2009, but economic crisis put a brake to substantial price hikes
FishmealFishmeal
Fishmeal production down in 2008 and early 2009
El Niño year likely, which will lead to lower fishmeal production in 2010
Fish OilFish Oil
Fish oil prices follow fuel prices
Less fish oil in 2009
TilapiaTilapia
strong growth rate China dominates
trade No trade in EU USA strong market
PangasiusPangasius
Viet Nam main producer Trade growing very
strongly Russia major importer problems of early 2009
resolved
SalmonSalmon
expansion of production will come to an end in 2009, due to disease problems in Chile
aquaculture production extremely important
prices expected to go up
OutlineOutline
Production Trade Recent developments in commodity
trade main issues for international fish trade
TariffsTariffs
Tariffs on fish reduced over time Today: average tariff 4.5 % on fish imports by
developed countries Remaining problem 1: tariff escalation for processed
products Remaining problem 2: tariff peaks on some species Remaining problem 3: less tariffs, more non-tariff
barriers, formal and informal For some countries: preference erosion Discussions on formulas for reduction
As import duties on fish in general have been much reduced, remaining barriers often relate to quality and safety. Therefore: the following WTO agreements are extremely important for fish products:
Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT Sanitary and Phytosanitary Measures (SPS) (these are not up for discussion on the Doha
agenda)
Non Tariff BarriersNon Tariff Barriers
Sanitary RegulationSanitary Regulation
HACCP-based fish safety and quality systems improved safety and quality of fish and fishery
products offered on the international markets More transparency and harmonization among
trading partners integrated approach to safety and quality, taking
into account the entire fish value chain risk-based systems in importing economies
Labelling requirementsLabelling requirements
If countries wish to export to the European Union (EU) or to the USA, they must comply with certain import requirements;
traceability and product labelling requirements
World Trade OrganizationWorld Trade Organization
153 members All major fishery countries are members
– except: Russian Federation WTO Agreements regulate all trade
between members
WTO and Fishery Specific issuesWTO and Fishery Specific issues
Fish is NOT classified as an agricultural product but as an industrial product
Fish NOT covered by Agreement on Agriculture Fish trade treated as trade in industrial goods Therefore: Fish trade will benefit from general liberalization of
trade and reduction of import duties
Certification SchemesCertification Schemes
Environmental certification examines the level of sustainability of fisheries
Social certification examines the social provenance of products
Brands/branding
Environmental certificationEnvironmental certification
Marine Stewardship Council (MSC) Friends of the Sea (FoS) Naturland Aquaculture Certification Council (ACC)
ConclusionsConclusions
Capture fish production is likely to decline Aquaculture production is likely to grow
further, though at lower path International trade is impacted by economic
crisis, especially high end products have problems
ConclusionsConclusions
Russia is an important importer of fishery products, especially of pangasius and shrimp
Tariffs and non tariff barriers are a challenge for international trade,
WTO negotiations can help to overcome some of these.
Free Trade Agreements important
