Challenge it, report it, stop it

Challenge it Report it Stop it The Governmentrsquos Plan to Tackle Hate CrimeMarch 2012

lsquoChallenge it Report it Stop it ndash The Governmentrsquos Plan to Tackle Hate Crimersquo2

Contents

Ministerial Foreword 3

1 Introduction 5

2 Preventing Hate Crime 10

3 Increasing Reporting and Access to Support 15

4 Improving the Response to Hate Crime 19

5 Annex A Official Sources of Evidence of Hate Crime 22

6 Annex B Projects Funded under the Victim and Witness General Fund 2011-14 26


Ministerial Foreword

All crime is wrong but that which is motivated by hatred of a particular characteristic of the victim ndash whether itrsquos their race faith sexual orientation gender identity perceived disability or anything else - is particularly corrosive Tackling hate crime matters not just because of the devastating consequences it can have for victims and their families but also because it can divide communities

I believe that everyone has the right to live their life free from the fear of attack or abuse because of who they are and we have come some way since the tragic murder of Stephen Lawrence Britain today is more diverse than ever before and the vast majority of us embrace this rich mix of different races cultures beliefs attitudes and lifestyles Victims of hate crime now have greater legal protection with the courts having enhanced sentencing powers to reflect the seriousness of such offences The police and Criminal Justice System professionals have improved their understanding and recognition of hate crimes and we have worked with the voluntary sector to break down barriers and encourage more victims to come forward

The Coalitionrsquos Programme for Government included a commitment to improving the recording of hate crimes to give us a better picture of where the problems are and to help the police and others use their resources more effectively At the same time whilst hate crime continues to be under-reported the most recent police figures show that more disabled lesbian gay bisexual and transgender victims are coming forward

However there is still much more to do and no-one should think for a moment that this is a problem we have solved Those same police figures show that there were over 48000 hate crimes reported in 2010 in England Wales and Northern Ireland That is simply unacceptable in a civilised society and while people continue to be attacked and even killed because of who they are we owe it to them their families and their communities to carry on the fight against hatred

The lead for tackling hate crime must come from the local level with professionals the voluntary sector and communities working together to deal with local issues and priorities Government however has a vital role to play in setting a national direction and supporting those locally-led efforts This Action Plan is a blueprint for that Government role over the next three years It brings together the work of a wide range of Departments and agencies to prevent hate crime happening in the first place increase reporting and victimsrsquo access to support and improve the operational response to hate crimes


There is much that we in Government can and will do to reduce hate crime and protect victims particularly in partnership with the voluntary sector This Action Plan makes that clear But we will only solve this problem when each and every one of us is ready to stand up and confront the hatred that leads to particular groups being victimised I call on everyone to take up that challenge and together we can beat hate crime

Lynne Featherstone MP Minister for Equality


1 Introduction

11 We have come a long way since the shocking murder of Stephen Lawrence in 1993 The Inquiry into his death and the subsequent Macpherson Report were a catalyst for change ndash not just in the way the police and criminal justice system deal with racially-motivated crimes but in the recognition of hate crimes more broadly Importantly there is greater understanding now of the disproportionate impact hate crimes have on victims and of the need to work across agencies and with the voluntary sector to overcome the barriers which have caused those who have previously been reluctant to come forward The law has changed too with the creation of new offences and courts being given enhanced sentencing powers to deal with offenders

12 Government criminal justice agencies local authorities and voluntary sector organisations have all worked together to improve the way hate crime is dealt with and the United Kingdom (UK) is now recognised as a world leader in terms of both legislation and the operational response More broadly we have seen a shift in social attitudes over the last decade The UK has become a more vibrant diverse place where it is increasingly understood that it is unacceptable to display hostility and bigotry towards an individual or group

13 We should not mistake that progress or the convictions for the murder of Stephen Lawrence ndash welcome though they are ndash as evidence that the problem has been solved Far from it The violence and intimidation directed towards faith communities by extremist groups seen at demonstrations and the brutal killings of Ian Baynham (who was killed in a homophobic attack) Gemma Hayter (a victim of disability hate crime) and others illustrate the tragic consequences when hostility or hatred is allowed to escalate They also highlight that there is much more that we can and should be doing to protect victims and deal with hate crime when it happens Tackling the underlying prejudice and ignorance that drives hate crime will be key in helping us to move forward

14 New challenges are emerging and these quite rightly help us to focus our efforts Recent reports by MENCAP and the Equality and Human Rights Commission for example have highlighted the serious issues around disability hate crime Advancing transgender equality a plan for action the Governmentrsquos first ever transgender equality action plan also demonstrates our commitment to reach out to a community that has previously been marginalised Meanwhile the issue of tackling racism in football has re-emerged stressing the importance of why we need to continue to work together to develop new approaches to address the issues facing us - we cannot afford to be complacent about tackling hate crime


15 This Government believes that everyone should be free to live their lives without fear of abuse or attack on the basis of who they are All crime is wrong but crime that is motivated by hatred of the victim is particularly corrosive Understanding the problem is the first step which is why the Coalitionrsquos Programme for Government includes a commitment to improve the recording of hate crimes We are delivering on that commitment and police information on reported hate crimes is being centrally collected and will become part of National Crime Statistics for the first time This will help forces and their local partners allocate resources more effectively But this Action Plan goes much further than that setting out our programme of work for the rest of this Parliament

16 Our policy approach to hate crime is based on a human rights approach It is not as some would claim a sign of misguided political correctness Protection from targeted abuse regardless of how it manifests is a right we all share whether we are part of the minority or majority population We believe that it is right to focus our efforts on those who are most at risk and to aspire to a position where we all share the same right to live free from abuse based on our personal characteristics

Hate crime ndash what we know

17 Hate crime is defined as any criminal offence which is perceived by the victim or any other person to be motivated by a hostility or prejudice based on a personal characteristic

18 Legislation to protect victims and tackle those who intend to stir up racial hatred and those who commit racially and religiously aggravated offences or engage in racist chants at designated football matches have been in place for a number of years In recent years a number of new criminal offences have been introduced to reflect the seriousness of hate crime including enhanced sentencing and stirring up hatred towards other groups on the grounds of religion and sexual orientation

19 In 2007 the police Crown Prosecution Service (CPS) Prison Service (now the National Offender Management Service) and other agencies that make up the criminal justice system agreed a common definition of monitored hate crime to cover five lsquostrandsrsquo in particular ndash disability gender-identity race religionfaith and sexual orientation Primarily this was to ensure a consistent working definition to allow accurate recording and monitoring1

110 This does not mean that crimes motivated by hostility or hatred of other characteristics such as gender age or appearance cannot happen The tragic murder of Sophie Lancaster who was attacked simply because of her appearance is a graphic illustration of this fact Although crimes such as this may fall outside of the nationally monitored strands they are nonetheless hate crimes and they should therefore be treated as such We have been very clear with local areas that they are free to include other strands in addition to the monitored five when developing their approach to hate crime For example some areas have included age or gender in their response to hate crime to reflect the concerns of local citizens or in response to trends in local crime

1 See ACPO httpwwwreport-itorgukwhat_is_hate_crime CPS httpcpsgovuknewsfact_sheetshate_crimeindexhtml Hate Crime - The Cross-Government Action Plan httpwebarchivenationalarchivesgovuk+httpwwwhomeoffice

govukdocumentshate-crime-action-planhate-crime-action-plan2835pdfview=Binary


111 Tackling hate crime matters because of the damage it causes to victims and their families but also because of the negative impact it has on communities in relation to cohesion and integration There is clear evidence to show that being targeted because of who you are has a greater impact on your wellbeing than being the victim of a lsquonon targetedrsquo crime2 ndash and this is reflected in legislation where enhanced sentencing powers are available to courts dealing with hate crime offenders We also know that low level hate crimes can escalate quickly if not dealt with early with victims often being targeted repeatedly As a number of cases have shown this escalation can have tragic consequences if they are not challenged earlier More widely tackling hate crime effectively ndash and being seen to tackle it - can help foster strong and positive relations between different sections of the community and support community cohesion

112 In 2010 48127 hate crimes were recorded by police forces in England Wales and Northern Ireland3 Of these

bull 39311 were racist crimesbull 4883 were based on sexual orientation bull 2007 were religious hate crimesbull 1569 targeted disabled people andbull 357 targeted transgender people

113 All the available research4 and testimonies from voluntary organisations suggest that hate crime is hugely under-reported Some victims may be reluctant to come forward for example for fear of attracting further abuse for cultural reasons or because they donrsquot believe the authorities will take them seriously We are particularly keen to address the more isolated sections of the community where victims are even more unlikely to report crimes We believe that under-reporting is a significant issue among the following groups5

bull New migrant communities including Asylum and Refugee communitiesbull Gypsy Irish Traveller and Roma communities

2 For instance Iganski P Hate Crimes Hurt More 2001 and Hate Crime and the City Policy Press 2008 pp 6ndash17 74ndash86 Garcia L McDevitt J Gu J and Balboni J Psychological and Behavioural Effects of Bias and Non-Bias Motivated Assault Final Report National Criminal Justice Reference Service December 1999 pp 53ndash55 87 and 94ndash95

3 ACPO (2011) Recorded Hate Crime Data for 2010 for England Wales and Northern Ireland httpwwwreport-itorgukfilesacpo_hate_crime_data_for_2010pdf

4 For instance see Dick S Homophobic Hate Crime The Gay British Crime Survey 2008 Stonewall Metropolitan Police Service Diversity and Citizen Focus Directorate Womenrsquos Experience of Homophobia and Transphobia Survey Report 2008 pp 27ndash29 Southern R and James Z Devon-wide Gypsy and Traveller Housing Needs Assessment University of Plymouth November 2006 p 58 Jansson K Black and Minority Ethnic Groupsrsquo Experiences and Perceptions of Crime Racially Motivated Crime and the Police Findings from the 200405 British Crime Survey Home Office Online Report 2506 pp 23ndash24 Also Disabled Peoplersquos Experiences of Targeted Violence and Hostility Research Report for the Equality and Human Rights Commission Office for Public Management March 2009 pp 71ndash75 Disabled Peoplersquos Experiences of Targeted Violence and Hostility Research Report for the Equality and Human Rights Commission Office for Public Management March 2009 p 76 For example Getting Away With Murder Scope United Kingdom Disabled Peoplersquos Council Disability Now 2008 Hidden in Plain Sight Equality and Human Rights Commission Inquiry into Disability-Related Harassment September 2011 pp 141

5 For example Whittle S Turner Land Al-Alami M Engendered Penalities Transgender and Transsexual Peoplersquos Experiences of Inequality and Discrimination The Equalities Review 2007 p 53 Southern R and James Z Devon-wide Gypsy and Traveller Housing Needs Assessment University of Plymouth November 2006 p 58 Greenfields M Home R Cemlyn S et al West of England Gypsy Traveller Accommodation (and Other Needs) Assessment 2006ndash2016 Buckinghamshire Chilterns University College October 2007 p 130 Living in Fear Mencap 2000


bull Transgender victims andbull Disabled victims

114 Research also tell us that combinations of the recognised hate crime strands and aspects of peoplersquos identities can affect the nature prevalence and reactions to hate incidents and hate crimes In order to tackle hate crime and both empower and support victims these factors need to be taken into account as part of the response6

115 We also know from the recent CPS report Hate crime and crimes against older people report 2010-20117 that

bull Since 200607 almost 69000 defendants were prosecuted for hate crimebull The number of prosecutions for hate crime has also increased from 12535 to 15284 andbull Between 200607 and 2001011 the proportion of successful convictions across all types of hate

crime has increased from 768 to 828

This trend over time suggests that aspects of investigation and prosecution are improving as we become better at recognising and responding to hate crime across all the monitored strands

116 Government agencies and voluntary sector organisations have worked together in recent years to try and break down the barriers and encourage more victims of hate crime to report it so that local areas can target their work more effectively and better protect victims The latest police figures show that reports of hate crimes against disabled lesbian gay and bisexual and transgender people have increased which is encouraging and suggests some improvement The focus on addressing under-reporting will remain at the heart of our approach However our long term goal is clearly to see evidence of a reduction in the actual incidence of hate crime

Our new approach

117 The Government has set out a new approach to cutting crime based on freeing professionals from top-down micro-management and performance targets and making the police democratically accountable to the communities they serve Elected Police and Crime Commissioners street-level crime maps and regular beat meetings will all focus police forces on the issues that matter to local people This means local areas will be free to develop hate crime strategies that reflect local needs rather than the concerns of those across Whitehall

118 In that new landscape the Governmentrsquos role is to focus on doing the things that only Government can do rather than telling professionals how to do their jobs That means setting a strategic direction making information available sharing new ideas and examples of what works and where necessary passing legislation

119 The time is therefore right for a new Action Plan on hate crime setting out what we intend to do over the remainder of this Parliament working across Government departments with local agencies

6 For example Dick S Homophobic Hate Crime The Gay British Crime Survey 2008 p 7 Iganski P Kielinger Vand Paterson S Hate Crimes Against Londonrsquos Jews An Analysis of Incidents Recorded by the

Metropolitan Police Service 2001ndash2004 Metropolitan Police Service and Institute for Jewish Policy Research July 2005 pp 3 Disabled Peoplersquos Experiences of Targeted Violence and Hostility Research Report for the Equality and Human Rights Commission Office for Public Management March 2009 p 33

7 Available athttpwwwcpsgovukpublicationsdocscps_hate_crime_report_2011pdf


and voluntary sector organisations and also with the Governmentrsquos Independent Advisory Group on Hate Crime The Plan is based on three core principles which we believe are necessary to reach our long-term goal We will focus on

bull Preventing hate crime ndash by challenging the attitudes that underpin it and early intervention to prevent it escalating

bull Increasing reporting and access to support ndash by building victim confidence and supporting local partnerships and

bull Improving the operational response to hate crimes ndash by better identifying and managing cases and dealing effectively with offenders

120 Many of the issues dealt with in this Action Plan are devolved to the Welsh Government These include Health and Social Care Education Local Government and the work of Voluntary Organisations To these ends in its Programme for Government 2011-20168 the Welsh Government has published its commitment to tackle hate crime and this is being taken forward by a Framework for Action led by the Welsh Minister for Finance and the Leader of the House9 It has also published lsquoTravelling to a Better Futurersquo Gypsy and Traveller Framework for Action and Delivery Plan which includes work to raise awareness of hate crime and improve engagement within Gypsy and Traveller communities10 To ensure the full delivery of the Action Plan we will work with the Welsh Government on the areas contained within the document that are not devolved

121 We also believe that the hard lessons the United Kingdom has learnt ndash and is still learning - since the murder of Stephen Lawrence give us a responsibility to share our experience with other countries We will therefore continue to push for action on hate crime at the international level through a range of organisations including the United Nations the European Union and the Organisation for Security and Co-operation in Europe International bodies such as these also present us with avenues to find solutions to some of the global challenges we now face in tackling hate crime over the internet

122 The following chapters set out the key actions that will support those principles over the next three years This programme of work will be overseen by the Inter-Ministerial Group on Equalities which is chaired by the Home Secretary and delivered through the Hate Crime Strategy Board a cross-departmental officials group

123 We will review this Action Plan annually in order to assess progress on the delivery of the actions and to allow us to respond to new and emerging issues We will also continue to work closely with the Governmentrsquos Independent Advisory Group on Hate Crime which includes victims of hate crime and voluntary sector partners

8 httpwalesgovukdocsstrategies110929fullenpdf9 9 For example the draft equality objective httpwalesgovuktopicsequalityequalityactatworklang=en10 httpwalesgovukdocsdsjlgpublicationsequality110928gypsytravellerenpdf


2 Preventing Hate Crime

We will work to prevent hate crime happening in the first place by challenging the attitudes and behaviours that foster hatred and encouraging early intervention to reduce the risk of incidents escalating

21 Britain is more diverse than ever with a rich mix of different races cultures beliefs attitudes and lifestyles In most parts of our society this has led to greater understanding and a celebration of the different contributions individuals and groups make to our way of life Stereotypes and bigotry that were commonplace a generation ago are now widely rejected across most groups

22 Whilst we have come a long way hatred and prejudice still exist The recent figures of reported hate crime published by the police are a clear illustration of this fact In some cases old targets have been replaced by new ones and there are still far too many victims of hate crime many of whom are either too afraid to come forward or have no faith that the authorities will take them seriously

23 Everyone should be free to live their lives without fear of abuse or attack on the basis of who they are what they believe or how they look There are five lsquostrandsrsquo of hate crime that we monitor centrally ndash disability gender-identity race religion or belief (or non-belief) and sexual orientation However the principle applies more widely ndash hate based on age gender or appearance for example should be equally condemned It is vital that professionals dealing with cases apply the learning from monitored hate crime when such problems exist locally Suitable responses will recognise the need to reduce the risk of escalation reassure broader communities as well as supporting victims and bringing offenders to justice

24 The Government is committed to reducing the harm caused by hate crime Encouraging victims to come forward and ensuring that agencies respond effectively when they do are important elements of that effort But in the long-term the solution lies in stopping hate crimes happening in the first place - by challenging and changing the attitudes and behaviours that lead to hatred and intervening early to stop tensions or incidents escalating

25 A lack of understanding reinforcement of negative stereotypes and fear of the unknown can all contribute to prejudice Children and young people in particular learn their behaviours and form their views from their peers and the adults around them In that context we need to stand up and challenge


discrimination and bigotry to send a clear message that we do not tolerate such views or behaviour before they have a chance to take root By staying silent we not only risk being seen to condone such views we also risk leaving those who are victims isolated

26 We all have a personal responsibility to challenge prejudice and hate but the Government and its agencies should lead by example ndash including by taking opportunities to celebrate diversity and to highlight the positive contribution that everyone can and do make to our society

27 We will also work actively to promote early intervention as a key part of a preventative approach that looks to resolve issues and tensions early before they can manifest themselves in the form of hate crime

28 We will challenge the attitudes that condone acts of hate crime and ensure that we act early when incidents are reported to prevent escalation by

Challenging Attitudes

Action Lead Timing

1 Develop a better understanding of hate crime by improving our evidence base including by publishing analysis of data on hate crime victimisation from the British Crime Survey

Cross-Government Hate Crime Programme11

Ongoing

March 2012 ndash British Crime Survey data on hate crime to be published

Spring 2012 - Hold Seminar with academics and key stakeholders and consider evidence and research on disability hate crime

2 Through welfare reforms strengthen the integrity of the benefit system to reduce the negative media portrayal of disability issues

Department for Work and Pensions

Ongoing

3 Working together with Disabled Peoples Organisations and supporting organisations such as the Press Complaints Commission to address negative media stereotypes of disabled people

Department for Work and Pensions - Office for Disability Issues

Ongoing

4 Continue to support the work of the Anne Frank Trust UK to challenge stereotyping and intolerance including anti-semitism which can lead to hate crimeincidents

Department for Communities and Local Government12

Ongoing Until March 2013

5 Work through voluntary sector partners to make available to schools resources to help them tackle all forms of bullying particularly bullying motivated by prejudice

ACPO

Department for Education13

Voluntary Sector Organisations

March 2013

11 Cross-Government Hate Crime Programme includes all relevant Government Departments criminal justice agencies including the Police Crown Prosecution Service and National Offender Management Service and the Independent

Advisory Group on Hate Crime12 All Department for Communities and Local Government actions apply to England only13 All Department for Education actions apply to England only



Action Lead Timing

6 Keep under review Government anti-bullying advice to schools which summarises the legal obligations and powers schools have outlines the general principles schools can use to prevent and respond to bullying particularly prejudiced based bullying

Department for Education Ongoing

7 Support the Jewish Museum to roll out a pilot programme to secondary schools to raise awareness and understanding of Jewish Faith and tackle lsquocasualrsquo anti-semitism in schools

Department for Communities and Local Government

From April 2012

8 Support Show Racism the Red Card to run educational workshops across England that will

bull provide safe spaces for young people to learn about the dangers of associating with the English Defence League (EDL)

bull help young people to think critically about the issues and

bull empower them to refute and challenge anti-Muslim hatred


From April 2012

9 Support the Searchlight Educational Trust who will establish community newsletters which will

bull counter the EDLrsquos divisive narrative

bull promote positive shared local identities and

bull provide space for faith community and voluntary organisations to advertise and encourage participation


From April 2012

10 Tackle alcohol as a contributing factor of violence including violence resulting from hate crime through the Governmentrsquos new alcohol strategy which will focus on changing public behaviour

Cross-Government Strategy being led by the Department of Health14 and the Home Office

Publish Strategy Spring 2012

11 Use the 2012 Olympic and Paralympic Games to change perceptions of disabled people through increased awareness positive images and media coverage of the Paralympic Games


Department for Culture Media and Sport

September 2012

12 Develop and publish a new cross government Disability Strategy with disabled people one of the principles of which will be changing attitudes and behaviour including action that will be taken


Spring 2012

13 Work with National Governing Bodies to tackle homophobia and transphobia in sport

Government Equalities Office Department for Culture Media and Sport

February 2013

14 All Department of Health actions apply to England only


18 Publish a Government response to reviews of the Winterbourne View case which will set out measures to improve the protection of people with learning difficulties in care and ensure the system responds quicker to possible abuse


Action Lead Timing

14 Identify further opportunities to develop a programme of work with partners to tackle hate crime in sport focusing on awareness raising effective reporting and responding to incidents of hate crime within professional sport

Cross- Government Hate Crime Programme

Ongoing ndash to be reviewed in March 2013

15 Work with the Society of Editors to develop good practice guidance on prejudice and hate speech for moderators of online newspaper content


December 2012

16 Support the work of the European Institute for the Study of Contemporary Anti-semitism to identify examples of anti-semitic comment in user-generated content in on-line publications


From April 2012

Early Intervention

Action Lead Timing

17 Put Safeguarding Adults Boards on a statutory footing to increase the awareness detection and prevention of abuse and exploitation of adults in vulnerable circumstances

Department of Health By Winter 2012


Department of Health By Summer 2012

19 Develop a programme of work to tackle hate crime on the internet (including working with industry the police courts EU institutions and other international organisations)


Ongoing

Spring 2012 ndash establish a sub-group of key stakeholders

20 Develop a range of information resources for use by local partnershipsprofessionals to encourage positive relationships with communities Distribute these through the True Vision website

Cross-Government Hate Crime Programme


Ongoing

Review materials in March 2013

21 Continue to support the work of the cross-Government working group on anti-semitism with a particular focus on

bull Anti-semitic discourse

bull Anti-semitism on the internet and

bull Anti-semitism on university campuses


Ongoing

Project launched in February 2012


Early Intervention

Action Lead Timing

22 Continue to support the work of the cross-Government working group on anti-Muslim hatred and develop a comprehensive programme of work to include

bull Exploring the conditions that create anti-Muslim hatred and

bull Undertaking a scoping exercise to create an evidence base


Ongoing

Working Group established in January 2012

23 Support Faith Mattersrsquo lsquoMeasuring Anti-Muslim Attacksrsquo (MAMA) project to support victims of anti-Muslim hatred and map anti-Muslim incidents and hate crimes


Ongoing



3 Increasing reporting and access to support

We will work to increase the reporting of hate crime that occurs by building victimsrsquo confidence to come forward and seek justice We will also work with partners at national and local level to ensure the right support is available when they do

31 Research evidence suggests that hate crime and hate incidents may be hugely under-reported particularly amongst certain communities For example a Stonewall survey in 200815 found that of a sample of 1721 lesbian gay and bisexual people across Britain one in eight had experienced a homophobic hate incident in the preceding year The study also found that of those interviewed three in four victims of homophobic hate crime had not reported their experiences to the police Testimonies from our Independent Advisory Group indicate that under-reporting is greater where the victim is more lsquoisolatedrsquo and they believe that the problem is particularly challenging where the victim is

bull from the Gypsy Irish Traveller and Roma Communitiesbull from lsquonewrsquo migrant communities including asylum and refugee communitiesbull disabled orbull transgender

32 Surveys16 of individuals affected by hate crime suggest a wide range of reasons for their reluctance to report it including

bull Incidents happening too often to report each one

bull Victims doubting whether the abuse or attack is serious enough to bother reporting it or knowing whether it qualifies as a criminal offence

bull Fear of being further victimised for going to the police

bull Concern that the police will not be able to do anything so they just accept it as being part of their day to day lives

15 Dick S Homophobic Hate Crime The Gay British Crime Survey 2008 Stonewall16 Refer to references at footnote 3


bull Concern that the police will not do anything because they are prejudiced andor unsympathetic

bull Victims fear that they will be ldquooutedrdquo (eg as being gay or having mental health needs) andor

bull Lack of access making reporting too difficult (eg interpreters are not available or a person using a wheelchair canrsquot access the police station)

33 We are committed to making it easier for victims of hate crime to report what has happened to them whether directly to the police or online through the True Vision website ndash or if they prefer - to another organisation that can pass on the report to the police We must also ensure that victims are confident that if they do report a hate crime the police and other agencies will take it seriously and do something about it This is true even if the incident appears to be trivial ndash we cannot prevent hate crime happening if the early warning signs stay hidden

34 This focus on reporting is driven by the need to develop a better picture of the scale severity and causes of the problem Without that picture we cannot ensure that resources are in the right place to tackle offenders and give victims the protection and support they need

35 This Government has made localism a priority We believe that the agencies which protect and serve the public should respond to their particular needs and concerns not to Whitehall targets Strategies for dealing with hate crime must be developed locally by professionals and partnerships working together with voluntary sector organisations and victims themselves in order to tackle the issues that matter in that local area From November this year elected Police and Crime Commissioners (PCCs) will have a democratic mandate to hold the police and their partners to account on behalf of victims and the public And under the Police Reform and Social Responsibility Act 2011 PCCs must hold chief constablesrsquo to account for the exercise of their duties relating to equality and diversity that are imposed on them by other legislation

36 In January we published our consultation ldquoGetting it right for victims and witnesses17 which includes proposals for the majority of support services for victims of crime including victims of hate crime to be commissioned at a local level rather than by central Government It also proposes that PCCs will be best placed to be the local commissioners of victimsrsquo services by ensuring that local priorities and needs are catered for with particular focus on the needs of victims of serious crimes those who are persistently targeted and the most vulnerable Local commissioners would have an expectation placed on them to assess the needs of the local community and put in place services to meet these needs

37 Government does however have a key role to play in making that more local approach work It is the Governmentrsquos job to set the strategic direction with a clear and consistent message on the importance of tackling hate crime and protecting victims It is Governmentrsquos job to legislate where necessary to make more and better national-level data available so that we have a better understanding of where hate crime is happening and why and to encourage new ideas and highlight examples of good practice ndash in terms of prevention supporting victims and improving the operational response to hate crime ndash so that other local areas can see whatrsquos working

38 We will work with local partnerships to increase reporting and victimsrsquo access to support by

17 httpsconsultjusticegovukdigital-communicationsvictims-witnesses


Building victim confidence

Action Lead Timing

1 Publish police data on recorded hate crimes as National Statistics which can be compared between forces

Home Office Summer 2012

2 Identify areas across the criminal justice system where the collection and dissemination of data could be improved for example transgender hate crime


March 2013

3 Publish Government response to the Equality and Human Rights Commission Inquiry into disability-related harassment

All Departments Spring 2012

4 Engage with communities at risk of hate crime to raise awareness of the law on hate crime and increase reporting

Crown Prosecution Service Ongoing (From April 2012)

5 Work with voluntary sector organisations to establish and disseminate good practice on alternative means of reporting disability hate crimes including work with Disability Rights UK on standards for third party reporting centres


Ongoing

February 2012 ndash launched lsquoLetrsquos Stop Disability Hate Crimersquo Guidancersquo

December 2012 - disseminate good practice information for disabled victims of hate crime

6 Work with voluntary sector organisations to establish review and disseminate good practice on alternative means of reporting other forms of hate crimes including third party reporting centres and support for Faith Mattersrsquo lsquoMeasuring Anti-Muslim Attacksrsquo project to map anti-Muslim incidents and tensions


Voluntary sector organisations

Ongoing

Review of national bodies in September 2012

7 Support the work of True Vision to

bull ensure that more people are aware of the online hate crime reporting mechanism

bull develop packages that target those communities where hate crime is under-reported

bull identify good local best practice on hate crime which then can be shared nationally via the website and

bull help provide the infrastructure for local and national voluntary sector groups to integrate into a national reporting system

ACPO

Department of Communities and Local Government


Ongoing (From April 2012)



Action Lead Timing

8 Use True Vision to distribute information on hate crime to victims groups including

bull an information pack on what hate crime is and how to report it for Gypsy and Traveller communities

bull Awareness-raising materials to tackle Muslim hatred andbull Working with voluntary sector organisations to

promote awareness raising materials for LGBampT asylum refugee other new migrant communities

ACPO



Ongoing

Launch Gypsy amp Traveller materials in Spring 2012

Launch Anti -Muslim hatred materials by ndash Summer 2012

9 Collect and publish local examples of what works in preventing and tackling hate crime for Community Safety Partnerships

Home Office Autumn 2012

10 Fund nineteen organisations working with victims of hate crime (pound21 m over three years from 201112 to 201314)18

Ministry of Justice Funding for 201112 allocated

Further funding subject to quarterly reviews

11 Fund thirteen organisations working to tackle hate crime from the Home Office Community Action Against Crime Innovation Fund over two years from 201112 to 20121319

Home Office Funding for 201112 dispersed from February 2012

Further funding subject to progress reviews

12 Identify good practice from project funds for wider dissemination


Ongoing

Review of Victim and Witness projects to identify good practice examples by - October 2012

13 Provide support for Disabled Peoplersquos User Led Organisations (DPULOs) to take forward a variety of projects around Hate Crime


Ongoing

14 Work with police forces councils and housing providers to improve handling of public calls about anti-social behaviour to identify possible hate crime and victims at risk

ACPO

Home Office

Ongoing

Call Handling Summary Report to be published ndash Spring 2012

15 Work with Local Criminal Justice Boards to identify opportunities for supporting projects which aim to improve our understanding of the circumstances and motivations of hate crime offenders


Ongoing (From April) 2012

16 Ensure that new arrangements for Police and Crime Commissioner led commissioning of local services for victims take account of the needs of victims of hate crime

Ministry of Justice From 2014 (subject to the outcome of the consultation ldquoGetting it right for victims and witnesses)

18 See Annex B for list of organisations19 Details of the projects funded under The Community Action Against Crime Innovation Fund will be available shortly on the Home Office website


4 Improving the response to hate crime

We will work with the agencies that make up the Criminal Justice System to improve the operational response to hate crime We want a more effective end-to-end process with agencies identifying hate crimes early managing cases jointly and dealing with offenders robustly

41 We have one of the worldrsquos most comprehensive legislative frameworks for protecting victims of hate crime and punishing offenders We have had legislation to tackle those who intend to stir up racial hatred and those who commit racially and religiously aggravated offences in place for a number of years And in recent years a number of new criminal offences have been introduced to reflect the seriousness of stirring up hatred towards other groups including on the grounds of religion and sexual orientation

42 The seriousness of hate crime is also reflected through enhanced sentencing The Criminal Justice Act 2003 set a sentence starting point of 30 years for murders motivated by hostility of the victimrsquos race religion or sexual orientation The Act also gives courts the power to increase the sentence for offences which are aggravated by hostility towards the victim based on their disability race religion or sexual orientation

43 In order to bring this legislation in line with other monitored hate crime groups the Legal Aid Sentencing and Punishment of Offenders Bill will amend the Criminal Justice Act 2003 so that murders motivated by hatred or hostility towards disabled or transgender victims have a sentencing starting point of 30 years It will also amend the Act so that the sentence for any offence that is shown to be motivated by hostility towards the victim on the grounds of transgender must be made more severe

44 But that framework is only effective when the component parts of our Criminal Justice System ndash the Police Crown Prosecution Service the National Offender Management Service (covering prisons and probation) ndash and local partners and voluntary organisations work together to bring offenders to justice That means a multi-agency response is required where

bull local partners make available information on hate crime and the support services that are available to assist victims

bull the police take reports of all hate crimes seriously spotting victims who are at risk and working with other local partners to bring offenders to justice


bull the Crown Prosecution Service prosecute hate crimes wherever possible and draws the courtrsquos attention to such aggravating features for the purposes of sentencing

bull the court takes in to account the aggravating factor of hate crime and applies an enhanced sentence accordingly and

bull the National Offender Management Service work to rehabilitate offenders and ensure they do not reoffend

45 We are committed to a criminal justice system that is joined-up in its approach to hate crime and where ambitions are matched by practice on the ground From the moment the incident is reported to the police we must ensure that hate crime cases are carefully managed through all the stages of the process by professionals who understand the issues and keep victims informed as to what is happening We will keep the law under constant review taking action where necessary to enhance the protection it offers victims of hate crime

46 A joined-up more responsive criminal justice system will bring more offenders to justice raising the number of successful prosecutions of hate crimes Visibly demonstrating our commitment and effectiveness will also ensure more victims have the confidence to come forward knowing they will be taken seriously

47 We will better identify and manage cases and deal with offenders effectively by

Better identification and case management

Action Lead Timing

1 Publish a new Hate Crime Manual for police officers which offers guidance for all police organisations and partners on handling cases of hate crime

ACPO April 2012

2 Update training for all police roles involved in tackling hate crime based on a full Training Needs Analysis

ACPO Commission by March 2013

3 Host a national ACPO Hate Crime Conference to bring together hate crime anti-social behaviour and lsquosafeguardingrsquo leads to find common approaches to benefit all victims of hate crime

ACPO March 2012

4 Identify practitioner roles where training on hate crime is not currently available ndash and develop tools to assist them in dealing with hate crime cases



March 2013

5 Publish risk assessment tools that allow police and other call handlers to identify victims of hate crime earlier in the reporting process


6 Work with Transgender communities to develop guidance for prosecutors and other support

Crown Prosecution Service Establish sub-group of the Community Accountability Forum in March 2012



Action Lead Timing

7 Develop and publish a Disability Hate Crime Action Plan in response to the EHRC Inquiry into disability-related harassment The actions will be grouped under seven themes of leadership data support good practice performance victims and witnesses and partnership

Crown Prosecution Service April 2012

8 Review commitment to victims and witnesses to enhance service for those in greatest need


Dealing effectively with offenders

Action Lead Timing

9 Amend the 2003 Criminal Justice Act so that murders motivated by hatred or hostility towards disabled or transgender victims have a sentencing starting point of 30 years and -the sentence for any offence that is shown to be motivated by hostility towards the victim on the grounds of transgender must be made more severe

Ministry of Justice May 2012

10 Conduct a review of sentences for offences motivated by hostility on the grounds of disability sexual orientation and transgender to consider whether there is a need for new specific offences similar to racially and religiously aggravated offences

Cross - Government Hate Crime Programme

March 2013

11 Consider any evidence provided by disabled peoplersquos organisations to assess whether it provides a case for changing the law on incitement to hatred on the grounds of disability

Cross- Government Hate Crime Programme Voluntary sector organisations

Ongoing

12 Develop mandated training for prosecutors on hate crime cases involving those victims with mental health issues and learning disabilities

Crown Prosecution Service Training to be evaluated from June 2012

13 Produce a Hate Crime framework covering prisons and the Probation Service for those responsible for managing offenders risk managementsentence plans To assist staff in identifying assessing intervening and managing people involved in hate related offending

National Offender Management Service

July 2012

14 Assess scope for alternative disposals including Restorative Justice to offer an alternative response to less serious hate crimes

Ministry of Justice March 2013


Annex A Official sources of evidence on Hate Crime

There is now a growing body of published official data on the prevalence of hate crime including

ACPO Police Data on Hate Crime ACPO figures are at present the main source of available evidence on the five monitored strands of hate crimes as reported to the police ACPO began recording five types of hate crime reported to the police in England Wales and Northern Ireland in 2008 including hate crime relating to race faith sexual orientation transgender and disability

Police Data on Racist Incidents A ldquoracist incidentrdquo is any incident including any crime which is perceived to be racist by the victim or any other person The number of racist incidents recorded by the police in England and Wales is published annually by the Home Office as part of the Home Office Statistical Findings series It is also published as part of requirements under section 95 of the Criminal Justice Act 1991 in the Ministry of Justice report Statistics on Race and the Criminal Justice System which brings together statistical information on how members of the Black and Minority Ethnic community are represented in the Criminal Justice System as suspects offenders victims and as employeespractitioners

Police Data on Racially and Religiously aggravated offences Figures on racially and religiously aggravated offences introduced by sections 28 to 32 of the Crime and Disorder Act 1998 and section 39 of the Anti-terrorism Crime and Security Act 2001 are recorded by the police in England and Wales Offence categories as of 200809 include harassment actual bodily harm and grievous bodily harm without intent criminal damage and assault without injury Prior to 200809 less serious wounding was used as a category before it was replaced by actual bodily harm and grievous bodily harm without intent These data are also published as part of requirements under section 95 of the Criminal Justice Act 1991 in the Ministry of Justice publication Statistics on Race and the Criminal Justice System


CPS Prosecutions Data on Hate Crime In 2008 the CPS began publishing an annual report on Hate Crime in England and Wales20 The most recent publication Hate crime and crimes against older people report 2010-2011 presents information on CPS performance in prosecuting racist and religious hate crime transphobic and homophobic crime and disability hate crime

The Life Opportunities Survey (LOS) A new large scale longitudinal survey of disability covering England Scotland and Wales commissioned by the Office for Disability Issues (ODI) and commenced in 2009 The survey includes questions on hate crime and will help to build a longitudinal picture of the hate crime experiences of individuals with disabilities and impairments

These sources provide different measures of hate crime covering those crimes reported to and recorded by the police the number of defendants prosecuted for hate crime and self-reported incidents of hate crime (ie including those not reported to the police) A summary of the most recent findings from each of these sources is provided below

Police Figures

ACPO Hate Crime Data

The most recently published data shows that overall 48127 hate crimes were recorded by the police in England Wales and Northern Ireland in 2010 Of these 39311 related to race 4883 to sexual orientation 2007 to faith 1569 to disability and 357 to transgender21

Due to improvements in the way forces collect and record hate crime data since collection began in 2008 direct year-on-year comparisons and comparisons between forces are not advised at this stage Increases in the data are currently expected to reflect an indication of increases in reporting and not an increase in the occurrence of hate crime

It is also important to note that these data are currently drawn from administrative IT systems and therefore do not currently have national statistics status22

In 201112 police figures on hate crime became part of the Home Office Annual Data Requirement - a restricted list of all routine requests for data made to all police forces in England and Wales under the Home Secretaryrsquos statutory powers - in 201112

Racist Incidents

The Home Office Statistical Findings 111 shows that 51187 racist incidents were recorded by the police in England and Wales in 201011 This demonstrates a 7 decrease on the number of racist incidents

20 The Crown Prosecution Service (CPS) acknowledges that CPS data are available through its Case Management System (CMS) and associated Management Information System (MIS) The CPS collects data to assist in the effective management of its prosecution functions The CPS does not collect data which constitutes official statistics as defined in the Statistics and Registration Service Act 2007 These data have been drawn from the CPSrsquos administrative IT system which as with any large scale recording system is subject to possible errors with data entry and processing The figures are provisional and subject to change as more information is recorded by the CPS

21 See ACPO (2011) Recorded Hate Crime Data for 2010 for England Wales and Northern Ireland httpwwwreport-it orgukfilesacpo_hate_crime_data_for_2010pdf

22 These data may be awarded national statistics status in the future once hate crime has become part of the Home Office Annual Data Requirement (ADR)


recorded by the police in 200910 (54872) The figures also show that between 200910 and 201011 there was a decrease in the number of racist incidents recorded in 26 of the 43 police force areas23

Racially and Religiously aggravated offences

In 201011 the police recorded 31486 racially or religiously aggravated offences across England and Wales Over the five-year period from 200607 to 201011 there was a 26 fall in the number of racially or religiously aggravated offences in England and Wales from 42554 to 31486 Only five forces recorded a rise between 200607 and 20101124

These aggravated offences were created to allow more severe sentencing for these specific categories of crime and as such should not be seen as a wider measure of hate crime

Police recorded data on racist incidents and racially and religiously aggravated offences differ somewhat from the race hate crime figures published by ACPO for reasons of definition For example racist incidents include incidents that relate to non-notifiable offences as well as notifiable crimes whereas ACPO data only relates to recorded crimes that have been identified as hate crimes under the agreed Definition of Monitored Hate Crime In addition ACPOrsquos data relates to calendar rather than financial year

Data on Defendants

The CPS report Hate crime and crimes against older people report 2010-201125 shows that since 200607 almost 69000 defendants were prosecuted for hate crime

Between 200607 and 201011 the proportion of successful convictions across all types of hate crime increased from 768 to 828 The number of prosecutions also increased from 12535 to 15284 Of successful outcomes in 201011 855 involved a guilty plea

The most commonly prosecuted cases were offences against the person and public order offences (443 and 363 respectively)

The majority of defendants across all hate crime strands were men (833) 737 were identified as belonging to the White British category and 509 were aged between 25-59 and 289 between 18-24

Data on Victims

In December 2011 the Office for Disability Issues published Wave One findings from the Life Opportunities Survey26 based on a total of 31161 interviews with adults aged 16 and over across 19951 households (a household response rate of 59 from the 33921 eligible households) The survey found that 2 of all adults interviewed had been a victim of hate crime (defined as a crime committed

23 See Home Office Statistical Findings 111 httpwwwhomeofficegovukpublicationsscience-research-statistics research-statisticscrime-researchhosf0111

24 Ministry of Justice (2011) Statistics on Race and the Criminal Justice System 2010 httpwwwjusticegovukdownloads statisticsmojstatsstats-race-cjs-2010pdf

25 Available at httpwwwcpsgovukpublicationsdocscps_hate_crime_report_2011pdf26 Office for Disability Issues (2011) Life Opportunities Survey Wave One results 200911 Available at httpstatistics

dwpgovukasdasd1loslos_wave_one_200911pdf


against someone or their property on the grounds of their personal characteristics for example religion ethnic origin disability or sexual orientation) in the past 12 months Those who reported hate crime were asked to select all motivations for the crime that applied to them from the following age sex a health condition illness or impairment a disability ethnicity religion sexual orientation or none of these reasons The most common motivation reported for all adults who experienced hate crime was ethnicity (37) followed by sexual orientation (11) It is important to note however that 34 of adults with impairment and 30 of adults without impairment gave the answer lsquonone of these reasonsrsquo to the question on motivation of hate crime and thus felt they were the victim of a hate crime motivated by factors not covered by the questionnaire

For adults with an impairment reasons related to a health condition illness or impairment and a disability were also given as the motivation for a hate crime (15 and 18 respectively)

The British Crime Survey has also included questions on race motivated crime since 1996 religion sexual orientation age and disability since 200708 gender since 200910 and gender identity (transgender) since 201112 Further analysis of the responses to questions on the motivations of crime is currently being undertaken which is due to be published by the Home Office in March 2012


Annex B Projects funded under the Victim and Witness Fund

Organisations supporting victims of hate crime funded by the Victim and Witness General Fund 2011-14

Organisation Geographical area covered

Summary of activity Value of award

(3 years unless stated otherwise

Ipswich and Suffolk Council for Racial Equality

Suffolk ~ Countywide A consortium bid of five organisations will develop a partnership approach to supporting all victims of hate crime across all six different strands delivering an integrated pathway for victims creating new reporting centres and systems and providing practical support to victims

pound386400

Greenwich Action Committee Against Racist Attacks (GACARA)

Greenwich London Maintain frontline support services (24 hour helpline and outreach services) and increase capacity through the expansion of its volunteer recruitment and training programme

pound66136

Milton Keynes Equality Council

Milton Keynes Provision of a caseworker to provide practical support and counselling and additional support for victims using restorative justice

pound173700

Pakistani Resource Centre Greater Manchester Counselling service practical support to victims and partnership working to increase referrals and support

pound84740

Bede House Association Southwark London Maintain and increase frontline support services and training for a Lesbian Gay Bisexual and Transgender Hate Crime caseworker

pound156152

The Metro Centre Ltd South London Improve accessibility and capacity building for frontline support services

pound88500

JAN Trust(Joint Association of Nissa Trust)

Haringey London Increasing capacity for frontline services providing support and counselling to victims of hate crime in particular refugee asylum seekers and Muslim women

pound137536





(3 years unless stated otherwise)

Organisation Geographical area covered Summary of activity Value of award(3years unless stated otherwise) Support Against Racist Incidents (SARI)

West of England Sustaining and increasing frontline support and counselling services for victims of race hate crime

pound89025

Stop Hate UK London and North England

Develop partnership working within areas to provide improved support services to victims of Hate Crime

pound64440

Community Security Trust England and Wales Supporting victims of anti-Semitic hate crime providing practical support and increased reporting

pound147000

Society for the Promotion and Advancement of Romany Culture (SPARC)

Cleveland Supporting victims of Hate Crime and anti-social behaviour in the Gypsy and Traveller communities

pound89696

Kingston Race and Equalities Council (KREC)

Kingston Richmond and Merton London

Sustain and increase its frontline services providing support and counselling to victims of hate crime in South West London

pound66136

Lesbian and Gay Foundation Greater Manchester Increased support and reporting of Hate Crime and strengthening existing links with statutory agencies to improve support for hate crime victims

pound59000

Lancashire Disability Information Federation

Lancashire Blackburn with Darwen and Blackpool Lancashire

Establishing a third party hate crime reporting centre for victims of disability related hate crime

pound105412

GALOP (Lesbian Gay and Bisexual Anti-Violence and Policing Group)

Greater London Maintain frontline services through the provision of a full time caseworker delivering support to victims of homophobic and transphobic Hate Crime

pound133126

Stoke on Trent Citizensrsquo Advice Bureau

Stoke on Trent Staffordshire

Improving outreach services and capacity building by increasing partnership working

pound65966

DIAL House Chester Chester Cheshire Supporting victims of disability related Hate Crime through establishing a Hate Crime Champion and establishing a third party reporting centre

pound23130

VOICE UK England and Wales To support victims of hate crime by developing the helpline and casework service provision

pound163556

Brighton and Hove Impetus Brighton and Hove Sussex

Establishing a victim and witness case worker to provide practical support improving partnership working and establishing a network of reporting centres

pound88961

ISBN 978-1-84987-721-3

copy Crown copyright 2012

You may re-use this information (not including logos) free of charge in any format or medium under the terms of the Open Government Licence

To view this licence visit wwwnationalarchivesgovukdocopen-government-licenceor write to the Information Policy TeamThe National Archives Kew London TW9 4DUor e-mail psinationalarchivesgsigovuk


1 Introduction







Contents

Ministerial Foreword 3

1 Introduction 5

2 Preventing Hate Crime 10

3 Increasing Reporting and Access to Support 15

4 Improving the Response to Hate Crime 19

5 Annex A Official Sources of Evidence of Hate Crime 22

6 Annex B Projects Funded under the Victim and Witness General Fund 2011-14 26












1 Introduction

































Our new approach































Action Lead Timing



Ongoing





Ongoing



Ongoing





ACPO



March 2013





Action Lead Timing





From April 2012






From April 2012






From April 2012







September 2012



Spring 2012



February 2013





Action Lead Timing






December 2012



From April 2012

Early Intervention

Action Lead Timing







Ongoing





Ongoing







Ongoing



Early Intervention

Action Lead Timing





Ongoing




Ongoing


























Action Lead Timing





March 2013







Ongoing






Ongoing







ACPO






Action Lead Timing





ACPO



Ongoing













Ongoing




Ongoing


ACPO

Home Office

Ongoing

























Action Lead Timing


ACPO April 2012




ACPO March 2012




March 2013







Action Lead Timing






Action Lead Timing





March 2013



Ongoing





July 2012













Police Figures






Racist Incidents











Data on Defendants





Data on Victims


















pound386400



pound66136



pound173700


pound84740


pound156152


pound88500



pound137536








pound89025



pound64440


pound147000



pound89696




pound66136


pound59000




pound105412



pound133126




pound65966


pound23130


pound163556



pound88961

ISBN 978-1-84987-721-3





1 Introduction

















1 Introduction

































Our new approach































Action Lead Timing



Ongoing





Ongoing



Ongoing





ACPO



March 2013





Action Lead Timing





From April 2012






From April 2012






From April 2012







September 2012



Spring 2012



February 2013





Action Lead Timing






December 2012



From April 2012

Early Intervention

Action Lead Timing







Ongoing





Ongoing







Ongoing



Early Intervention

Action Lead Timing





Ongoing




Ongoing


























Action Lead Timing





March 2013







Ongoing






Ongoing







ACPO






Action Lead Timing





ACPO



Ongoing













Ongoing




Ongoing


ACPO

Home Office

Ongoing

























Action Lead Timing


ACPO April 2012




ACPO March 2012




March 2013







Action Lead Timing






Action Lead Timing





March 2013



Ongoing





July 2012













Police Figures






Racist Incidents











Data on Defendants





Data on Victims


















pound386400



pound66136



pound173700


pound84740


pound156152


pound88500



pound137536








pound89025



pound64440


pound147000



pound89696




pound66136


pound59000




pound105412



pound133126




pound65966


pound23130


pound163556



pound88961

ISBN 978-1-84987-721-3





1 Introduction


































Our new approach































Action Lead Timing



Ongoing





Ongoing



Ongoing





ACPO



March 2013





Action Lead Timing





From April 2012






From April 2012






From April 2012







September 2012



Spring 2012



February 2013





Action Lead Timing






December 2012



From April 2012

Early Intervention

Action Lead Timing







Ongoing





Ongoing







Ongoing



Early Intervention

Action Lead Timing





Ongoing




Ongoing


























Action Lead Timing





March 2013







Ongoing






Ongoing







ACPO






Action Lead Timing





ACPO



Ongoing













Ongoing




Ongoing


ACPO

Home Office

Ongoing

























Action Lead Timing


ACPO April 2012




ACPO March 2012




March 2013







Action Lead Timing






Action Lead Timing





March 2013



Ongoing





July 2012













Police Figures






Racist Incidents











Data on Defendants





Data on Victims


















pound386400



pound66136



pound173700


pound84740


pound156152


pound88500



pound137536








pound89025



pound64440


pound147000



pound89696




pound66136


pound59000




pound105412



pound133126




pound65966


pound23130


pound163556



pound88961

ISBN 978-1-84987-721-3





1 Introduction






























Action Lead Timing



Ongoing





Ongoing



Ongoing





ACPO



March 2013





Action Lead Timing





From April 2012






From April 2012






From April 2012







September 2012



Spring 2012



February 2013





Action Lead Timing






December 2012



From April 2012

Early Intervention

Action Lead Timing







Ongoing





Ongoing







Ongoing



Early Intervention

Action Lead Timing





Ongoing




Ongoing


























Action Lead Timing





March 2013







Ongoing






Ongoing







ACPO






Action Lead Timing





ACPO



Ongoing













Ongoing




Ongoing


ACPO

Home Office

Ongoing

























Action Lead Timing


ACPO April 2012




ACPO March 2012




March 2013







Action Lead Timing






Action Lead Timing





March 2013



Ongoing





July 2012













Police Figures






Racist Incidents











Data on Defendants





Data on Victims


















pound386400



pound66136



pound173700


pound84740


pound156152


pound88500



pound137536








pound89025



pound64440


pound147000



pound89696




pound66136


pound59000




pound105412



pound133126




pound65966


pound23130


pound163556



pound88961

ISBN 978-1-84987-721-3





1 Introduction








Action Lead Timing





From April 2012






From April 2012






From April 2012







September 2012



Spring 2012



February 2013





Action Lead Timing






December 2012



From April 2012

Early Intervention

Action Lead Timing







Ongoing





Ongoing







Ongoing



Early Intervention

Action Lead Timing





Ongoing




Ongoing


























Action Lead Timing





March 2013







Ongoing






Ongoing







ACPO






Action Lead Timing





ACPO



Ongoing













Ongoing




Ongoing


ACPO

Home Office

Ongoing

























Action Lead Timing


ACPO April 2012




ACPO March 2012




March 2013







Action Lead Timing






Action Lead Timing





March 2013



Ongoing





July 2012













Police Figures






Racist Incidents











Data on Defendants





Data on Victims


















pound386400



pound66136



pound173700


pound84740


pound156152


pound88500



pound137536








pound89025



pound64440


pound147000



pound89696




pound66136


pound59000




pound105412



pound133126




pound65966


pound23130


pound163556



pound88961

ISBN 978-1-84987-721-3





1 Introduction









Action Lead Timing






December 2012



From April 2012

Early Intervention

Action Lead Timing







Ongoing





Ongoing







Ongoing



Early Intervention

Action Lead Timing





Ongoing




Ongoing


























Action Lead Timing





March 2013







Ongoing






Ongoing







ACPO






Action Lead Timing





ACPO



Ongoing













Ongoing




Ongoing


ACPO

Home Office

Ongoing

























Action Lead Timing


ACPO April 2012




ACPO March 2012




March 2013







Action Lead Timing






Action Lead Timing





March 2013



Ongoing





July 2012













Police Figures






Racist Incidents











Data on Defendants





Data on Victims


















pound386400



pound66136



pound173700


pound84740


pound156152


pound88500



pound137536








pound89025



pound64440


pound147000



pound89696




pound66136


pound59000




pound105412



pound133126




pound65966


pound23130


pound163556



pound88961

ISBN 978-1-84987-721-3





1 Introduction







Early Intervention

Action Lead Timing





Ongoing




Ongoing


























Action Lead Timing





March 2013







Ongoing






Ongoing







ACPO






Action Lead Timing





ACPO



Ongoing













Ongoing




Ongoing


ACPO

Home Office

Ongoing

























Action Lead Timing


ACPO April 2012




ACPO March 2012




March 2013







Action Lead Timing






Action Lead Timing





March 2013



Ongoing





July 2012













Police Figures






Racist Incidents











Data on Defendants





Data on Victims


















pound386400



pound66136



pound173700


pound84740


pound156152


pound88500



pound137536








pound89025



pound64440


pound147000



pound89696




pound66136


pound59000




pound105412



pound133126




pound65966


pound23130


pound163556



pound88961

ISBN 978-1-84987-721-3





1 Introduction






























Action Lead Timing





March 2013







Ongoing






Ongoing







ACPO






Action Lead Timing





ACPO



Ongoing













Ongoing




Ongoing


ACPO

Home Office

Ongoing

























Action Lead Timing


ACPO April 2012




ACPO March 2012




March 2013







Action Lead Timing






Action Lead Timing





March 2013



Ongoing





July 2012













Police Figures






Racist Incidents











Data on Defendants





Data on Victims


















pound386400



pound66136



pound173700


pound84740


pound156152


pound88500



pound137536








pound89025



pound64440


pound147000



pound89696




pound66136


pound59000




pound105412



pound133126




pound65966


pound23130


pound163556



pound88961

ISBN 978-1-84987-721-3





1 Introduction








Action Lead Timing





ACPO



Ongoing













Ongoing




Ongoing


ACPO

Home Office

Ongoing

























Action Lead Timing


ACPO April 2012




ACPO March 2012




March 2013







Action Lead Timing






Action Lead Timing





March 2013



Ongoing





July 2012













Police Figures






Racist Incidents











Data on Defendants





Data on Victims


















pound386400



pound66136



pound173700


pound84740


pound156152


pound88500



pound137536








pound89025



pound64440


pound147000



pound89696




pound66136


pound59000




pound105412



pound133126




pound65966


pound23130


pound163556



pound88961

ISBN 978-1-84987-721-3





1 Introduction























Action Lead Timing


ACPO April 2012




ACPO March 2012




March 2013







Action Lead Timing






Action Lead Timing





March 2013



Ongoing





July 2012













Police Figures






Racist Incidents











Data on Defendants





Data on Victims


















pound386400



pound66136



pound173700


pound84740


pound156152


pound88500



pound137536








pound89025



pound64440


pound147000



pound89696




pound66136


pound59000




pound105412



pound133126




pound65966


pound23130


pound163556



pound88961

ISBN 978-1-84987-721-3





1 Introduction








Action Lead Timing






Action Lead Timing





March 2013



Ongoing





July 2012













Police Figures






Racist Incidents











Data on Defendants





Data on Victims


















pound386400



pound66136



pound173700


pound84740


pound156152


pound88500



pound137536








pound89025



pound64440


pound147000



pound89696




pound66136


pound59000




pound105412



pound133126




pound65966


pound23130


pound163556



pound88961

ISBN 978-1-84987-721-3





1 Introduction
















Police Figures






Racist Incidents











Data on Defendants





Data on Victims


















pound386400



pound66136



pound173700


pound84740


pound156152


pound88500



pound137536








pound89025



pound64440


pound147000



pound89696




pound66136


pound59000




pound105412



pound133126




pound65966


pound23130


pound163556



pound88961

ISBN 978-1-84987-721-3





1 Introduction












Data on Defendants





Data on Victims


















pound386400



pound66136



pound173700


pound84740


pound156152


pound88500



pound137536








pound89025



pound64440


pound147000



pound89696




pound66136


pound59000




pound105412



pound133126




pound65966


pound23130


pound163556



pound88961

ISBN 978-1-84987-721-3





1 Introduction


















pound386400



pound66136



pound173700


pound84740


pound156152


pound88500



pound137536








pound89025



pound64440


pound147000



pound89696




pound66136


pound59000




pound105412



pound133126




pound65966


pound23130


pound163556



pound88961

ISBN 978-1-84987-721-3





1 Introduction













pound89025



pound64440


pound147000



pound89696




pound66136


pound59000




pound105412



pound133126




pound65966


pound23130


pound163556



pound88961

ISBN 978-1-84987-721-3





1 Introduction






ISBN 978-1-84987-721-3





1 Introduction






Challenge it, report it, stop it

Spiritual

Transcript of Challenge it, report it, stop it