Chair of Global Economy & Foreign Affairs Olga V. Korneiko Phd, Senior Lecturer
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Transcript of Chair of Global Economy & Foreign Affairs Olga V. Korneiko Phd, Senior Lecturer
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Chair of Global Economy & Foreign Affairs
Olga V. KorneikoPhd, Senior Lecturer
Course :The Competitiveness of national economies
Lecture 1: Introduction. Framework of Competitiveness
VSUES
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You are highly encouraged to take notes during the lecture!
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The questions:
Why do nations compete?What kind of problems do national economies have to
resolve to improve their international Competitiveness?
Do competitive firms come from competitive nations ?How do we measure Competitiveness?Are there any differences between firm
Competitiveness and national Competitiveness?What determines Competitiveness of nations today?
And what will determine it in the future?
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The questions for you:
What do you know about Competitiveness?
What do you think it means?
What famous names come to your mind when you hear the term Competitiveness?
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Competitiveness is still one of the most
misunderstood concepts.
What do you mean by Competitiveness?
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1983 -1987
The term Competitiveness
appeared more than 5700 times.
Competitiveness
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Competitiveness on macroeconomic level
1) Competitiveness as productivity;
2) Competitiveness as capacity to create well-being;
3) Competitiveness as ability to sell on external markets.
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Competitiveness on macroeconomic level
1) Competitiveness as productivity;
2) Competitiveness as capacity to create well-being;
3) Competitiveness as ability to sell on external markets.
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Michael Porter and World Economic Forum:
• The national Competitiveness as a set of
factors, policies and institutions that
determine the level of the productivity of a
country.
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United States
• Population: 313,232,044 (July 2011 est.) • GDP per capita: $ 48,112 (2012)• GDP: $15,290,000,000,000• Number of Billionaires: 442
Rankings of National Economic Competitiveness
• Rank 2 from the International Institute for Management Development (2012)
• Rank 7 from the World Economic Forum (2012-2013)
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Why is the US competitive?
Structural featuresUS companies are highly sophisticated and innovativeExcellent university system Flexible labor marketLargest sheer size of its domestic economy in the world
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Competitiveness on macroeconomic level
1) Competitiveness as productivity;
2) Competitiveness as capacity to create well-being;
3) Competitiveness as ability to sell on external markets.
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European Competitiveness Reports (European Commission):
• Competitiveness as high and rising
standards of living of a nation or a
group of nations with the lowest
possible level of involuntary
unemployment, on a sustainable basis.
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Competitiveness money money??
Most people think
that rich countries are competitive and poor countries aren’t.
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Poorest Countries in the WorldCountries GDP per capita
1. Congo $400
2 Liberia $500
3 Zimbabwe $500
4 Burundi $600
5 Somalia $600
6 Eritrea $700
7 Central African Republic $800
8 Niger $800
9 Madagascar $900
10 Malawi $900
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Richest Countries in the WorldCountries GDP
1. United States $15,290,000,000,000
2 China $11,440,000,000,000
3 India $4,515,000,000,000
4 Japan $4,497,000,000,000
5 Germany $3,139,000,000,000
6 Russia $2,414,000,000,000
7 Brazil $2,324,000,000,000
8 United Kingdom $2,290,000,000,000
9 France $2,246,000,000,000
10 Italy $1,871,000,000,000
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Countries with the Most BillionairesCountries Number of Billionaires
1. United States 422
2 China 66
3 Russia 65
4 Germany 57
5 India 52
6 United Kingdom 30
7 Turkey 28
8 Hong Kong 25
9 Canada 24
10 Japan 22
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Brunei Capital: Bandar Seri Begawan
Population: 408,786GDP per capita: $50,000GDP: 21240000000.000
Rank 1 in terms of Macroeconomic environment Rank 28 from the World Economic Forum
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Saudi ArabiaCapital: Riyadh
Population: 26,534,504GDP per capita: $24,500GDP: 691500000000.000
Rank 18 from the World Economic Forum
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Competitiveness on macroeconomic level
1) Competitiveness as productivity;
2) Competitiveness as capacity to create well-being;
3) Competitiveness as ability to sell on external markets.
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• Competitiveness is a country’s share on the world markets.
Country's share of arms on the world market :
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OPEC -Organization of the Petroleum Exporting Countries
• The countries of OPEC had a high positive trade balance in the 1970s, though they were not highly economically developed .
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Russia is the world leader on export
• oil products, natural gas, nitric fertilizers, cast iron, steel semi-finished products, nickel, aluminum, the round wood — the 1st place in the world on each of goods;
• oil, arms, the timber, the mixed fertilizers, ammonia — the 2nd place;
• coal, newsprint, synthetic rubber, potash fertilizers — the 3rd place
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Russia Capital: Moscow
Population: 142,517,670GDP per capita: $17,000
GDP: 2414000000000.000 Rank 69 from the World Economic Forum
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China Racing Ahead of U.S. in the Drive to Go Solar
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Paul Krugman is an American economist. Nobel Memorial Prize in Economics (2008)
Krugman sees the Competitiveness of the national economy as a dangerous obsession
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Competitiveness on microeconomic level
1. States and companies should be viewed equally .
2. The productivity of an economy is the sum of the productivity of firms in the economy.
3. You can't have a competitive economy unless firms are competitive.
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How Native Fijian People started Fishing Business
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Operating expenses include:
vehicle expenses (fuel, oil for boat)license feesmaintenance and repairs (fishing gear) crew salary suppliesutilities, such as telephoneinsuranceproperty taxes etc
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Fiji Capital: Suva (on Viti Levu)
Population: 890,057GDP per capita: $4,700
GDP: 4186000000 (2012) 3818121194 (2011)
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Competitiveness is the degree to which a nation can, under free and fair market conditions, produce goods and services that meet the test of international markets while maintaining or expanding the real incomes of its citizens.•конкурентоспособность определяется тем, насколько нация может в условиях свободной и честной конкуренции производить товары и услуги, которые отвечают запросам международных рынков, одновременно сохраняя на прежнем уровне или увеличивая реальные доходы своих граждан.
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TODAY IS THE FIRST DAY OF OUR COURSE
How do you feel?
Excited and confident?
Or maybe a little confused?
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If you think you might have problems, don’t worry.
We’ll try to resolve these problems together
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Now I’d like to hear your FEEDBACK.
Write down a short feedback about the lecture
Send me an e-mail at [email protected]