Ch.9.1 Active Biology Unit. Hydra Clips ature=endscreen&NR=1&v=12Om szObAkM ...
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Transcript of Ch.9.1 Active Biology Unit. Hydra Clips ature=endscreen&NR=1&v=12Om szObAkM ...
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Ch.9.1Ch.9.1
Active Biology UnitActive Biology Unit
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Hydra ClipsHydra Clips
http://www.youtube.com/watch?feature=endscreen&NR=1&v=12OmszObAkM
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=G188PDx73i8
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Planarian
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Planarian ClipsPlanarian Clips
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=w0QzSYQGsnA
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=0L_mJoG4nts
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Earthworm
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Earthworm ClipsEarthworm Clips
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=bFpblBf1dfE
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=uO4lkv-jLRs
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Hermit CrabHermit Crab
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Hermit Crab ClipsHermit Crab Clips
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=DaU5etPejZA
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=CMKbJJ04rXg
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FrogFrog
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Frog ClipsFrog Clips
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=wXqK5QulbJ8
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=cBkWhkAZ9ds
http://www.youtube.com/watch?http://www.youtube.com/watch?NR=1&v=ZUsARF-NR=1&v=ZUsARF-
CBcI&feature=endscreenCBcI&feature=endscreen
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BiosphereBiosphere
• Biosphere = the area on earth where living organisms can be found.
• These are the levels of organization:– Organism– Population– Community– Ecosystem– Biome
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EcosystemsEcosystems
• Organism = a single member of a species
• Population = many members of a species living together in one area
• Community = groups of different species living together in one area
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EcosystemsEcosystems
• An ecosystem is the community plus all the different physical aspects of the habitat. This includes:– Abiotic (nonliving) factors such as rocks,
water, weather and soil.– Biotic (living) factors, which are all the living
organisms like plants, animals and bacteria.
• Biodiversity describes the number of species found within an ecosystem.
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Desert Desert
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OrganismOrganism::California QuailCalifornia Quail
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PopulationPopulation::Several California QuailSeveral California Quail
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CommunityCommunity::Quail, Hare & CoyoteQuail, Hare & Coyote
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EcosystemEcosystem::Biotic + Abiotic FactorsBiotic + Abiotic Factors
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Extinction Extinction
• One last term in natural selection is extinction (when a species disappears permanently).– Most extinctions are caused by natural
disasters, and/or humans.
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Grizzly bear still alive and found in different parts of
world.Ursus horribilus
California GrizzlyUrsus californicus
Last one shot in 1922.
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Keystone SpeciesKeystone Species
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Flow of EnergyFlow of Energy
• Autotrophs, or Producers, are organisms who get their energy from non-living sources.
• Heterotrophs, or Consumers, are organisms who get their energy from other living, or once-living resources.
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Flow of EnergyFlow of Energy• Chemosynthesis = a process where an organism
uses chemicals to make carbohydrates.• Example: CO2, H2O, H2S, O2 → Sugar Compounds
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Food Chains & Food WebsFood Chains & Food Webs• Food Chains
show a sequence that links species by feeding relationships.
• Food Webs show complex networks of feeding relationships.
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HerbivoresHerbivores only eat plants only eat plants
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CarnivoresCarnivores only eat animals only eat animals
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OmnivoresOmnivores eat plants & animals eat plants & animals
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DetritivoresDetritivores eat dead organic eat dead organic mattermatter
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Scavengers?Scavengers?
-Scavengers, such as vultures, are considered detritivores.
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DecomposersDecomposers break down organic break down organic mattermatter
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Trophic Levels:(nourishment or food levels)
→ Quaternary Consumer
→ Tertiary Consumer
→ Secondary Consumer
→ Primary Consumer
→ Producer
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Energy Pyramids show transfer of energy in an ecosystem.
→ 6 Kilocalories
→ 60 Kilocalories
→ 600 Kilocalories
→ 6000 Kilocalories
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Changing Population Changing Population SizesSizes
Rodent plague in South AustraliaRodent plague in South Australia
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Changing EcosystemsChanging Ecosystems
• Succession = the gradual and sequential replacement of populations in an area.Pioneer species = first species to colonize a
new habitat.
Seral community = communities that come after pioneer species that gradually replace each other.
Climax community = community that remain stable as long as there is no disturbance.
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• Primary Succession = from nothing to life
(can take a really long time)
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• Secondary Succession = from disruption back to life
(doesn’t take as long)
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