Ch.8, Sec.1 – The Confederation Era Moving West Moving West - Daniel Boone helped to build the...
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Ch.8, Sec.1 – The Confederation Era
Moving West
- Daniel Boone helped to build the Wilderness Road, which allowed settlers to move west through Kentucky
- over 100,000 Americans moved West by early 1790s
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Ch.8, Sec.1 – The Confederation Era
New State Governments
- state governments focused on making their systems more democratic with separate branches, which would prevent the federal government from gaining too much power
- although not all states had a bill of rights, they all had a republican form of government
- in a republic, the people choose representatives to govern them
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Ch.8, Sec.1 – The Confederation Era
The Articles of Confederation
- in 1776, Continental Congress began to develop a plan for a national government
- their final plan was the Articles of Confederation, which gave the states more power than the federal government
- each state had only one vote in Congress but the national government had the power to wage war, make peace, sign treaties, & issue money
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Ch.8, Sec.1 – The Confederation Era
- the most important powers were left to the states: enforce national laws, set taxes, & control lands west of the Appalachian Mountains
- states without access to the western lands were not willing to sign the Articles
- they wouldn’t be able to pay off their debts from the war as easily as the states that could sell western lands
- by 1781, all states gave up their land claims & signed the Articles of Confederation
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Ch.8, Sec.1 – The Confederation EraThe Northwest Ordinance
- the most pressing question after the war was what to do about the western lands
- the Land Ordinance of 1785 called for surveyors to stake out six-mile square plots, called townships, in these lands
- these lands came to be known as the Northwest Territory which were Ohio, Indiana, Illinois, Wisconsin, and Michigan (see pgs. 210-211 for more info.)
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Ch.8, Sec.1 – The Confederation Era
- the Northwest Ordinance of 1787 allowed territories to apply for statehood if they had 60,000 people
- these territories had freedom of religion, trial by jury, slavery was outlawed, and rivers were allowed to be used for trade
- the ordinance set the precedent for how territories were added as states to the country
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Ch.8, Sec.1 – The Confederation Era
Weaknesses of the Articles
- debt was a big problem for Congress and thousands of soldiers were owed a lot of $
- Congress relied on the states to send money, but they sent very little
- after the Revolutionary War, most states were struggling economically
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Ch.8, Sec.1 – The Confederation Era
Shays’ Rebellion
- many people were in high debt because of taxes, which were in excess of $200 a year
- many in Massachusetts were put into jail because they could not pay off their debts
- farmers asked the legislature for debt relief, but they refused
- 1,500 men, led by war veteran Daniel Shays, rebelled in January of 1787
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Ch.8, Sec.1 – The Confederation Era
- Shays and his men marched on a federal arsenal in central Massachusetts, but were quickly defeated by 900 soldiers
- the uprising came to be known as Shays’ Rebellion and gained the sympathy of many political leaders
- leaders began thinking a stronger national government could solve the nation’s ills from the American Revolution
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Ch.8, Sec.1 – The Confederation Era
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Ch.8, Sec.1 – The Confederation Era