Ch.4.less.2.how does energy flow between organisms in an ecosystem
Transcript of Ch.4.less.2.how does energy flow between organisms in an ecosystem
How does energy flow
between organisms in an ecosystem?
Chapter 4: Lesson 2:
LIFE PROCESSES
Looking at living things
Living things
Although all living things look different from each other, they all have seventhings in common.
These seven things are called life processes.
Something is only alive if it does allseven processes.
THE SEVEN LIFE PROCESSES
1All living things move
Animals move their whole bodies to get from one place to another.
Plants turn towards the light and their roots grow down into the soil.
2All living things reproduce
Animals have babies.
New plants grow from seeds.
3All living things are sensitive
All living things respond to changes. Living things notice changes in their surroundings and react to them.
Ex. Plants grow towards the light.
Ex. People react to the temperature around them.
4All living things neednutrition
Food is used to provide energy.
Green plants make their own food using sunlight.
Animals eat plants or other animals.
5All living things excrete
Waste substances must be removed from the body.
Plants and animals both need to get rid of waste gas and water.
6All living things respire
Plants and animals use the oxygen in the air to turn food into energy.
7All living thingsgrow
Babies grow into adults.
Seedlings grow into plants.
The seven life processes
1 Move
2 Reproduce
3 Sensitive
4 Nutrition
5 Excrete
6 Respire
7 Grow
Use the first letter from each process to help you remember them.
Move
Reproduce
Sensitive
Nutrition
Excrete
Respire
Grow
They spell MRS NERG
This is MRS NERG !
Can you remember what each of the letters in her name stand for ?
Organism
Is one living thing
All organisms need:
Energy(Power)
Organisms get
energy from food.
Types of organisms
Producers Consumers
Decomposers
Make their own food.
1) Producers
Example:
Plants
Roots: takes
water and
nutrients from
the soil.
Leaves: takes
sunlight, air,
water and
nutrients and
makes the
plants food (photosynthesis).
Stem: takes
water and
nutrients from
the roots and
sends it to
the leaves.
Flower
Photosynthesis
process
Substances that plants and
animals need to grow and
stay healthy.
Eat plants, animals or
both.
2) Consumers
Herbivores
Types of
Consumers
Carnivores
Omnivores
Animals do not make
their own food.Some animals eats plants:
Example:
Panda eats bamboo Caterpillar eats leaves
They are called herbivores
Some animals eats other animals
Example:
Puffin eats fish Owls eats rat
They are called carnivores
Some animals eats both plants
and animals.
Example:
Bears eat both
They are called Omnivores
Is an organism that
breaks down dead
plants and animals
3) Decomposers
Example:
Worms, bacteria and fungi
Living things need one another to survive.
The above drawing shows a food chain.
A FOOD CHAIN:
Shows the flow of energy from one organism to another.
Examples of food chains:
A FOOD WEB is:
Made up of many food chains connected.
In a food chain there are
Preys Predatorsand
Animals that
are eaten
Animals that
eat the prey
What is competition?
When animals compete
(struggle) with other animals
for their food, water and
shelter to survive.
Energy pyramid
It shows the amount of energy in an ecosystem.
Producers are always at the bottom of the pyramid.
The next level of the pyramid shows herbivore. It must
eat a lot to stay alive because small amount ( 10% ) of
a plant’s energy passes to the herbivore.
Omnivore and carnivore takes the next levels of the
pyramid. They take small amount
10% ) of the herbivore’s energy to pass.
The pyramid also shows how many plants or animals in
each level. This tells how many plants or animals are
needed to feed the animal at each level of the
pyramid.