Ch.3, Sec.2 – New England Colonies
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Transcript of Ch.3, Sec.2 – New England Colonies
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Ch.3, Sec.2 – New England Colonies
- In A.D. 1605, English fisherman captured a Native called, Squanto, and brought him back to England where he learned English
- When he returned to America in A.D. 1619, he helped the English colonists survive in New England
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Ch.3, Sec.2 – New England Colonies
- In the early 1500s, King Henry VIII officially broke away from the Catholic Church and established the Church of England (Anglican)
- Puritans left England to escape bad treatment from King James I
The Voyage of the Mayflower
- Separatists called for a total break with the Church of England & they thought it was too much like the Catholic Church
- Pilgrims were a separatist group who rejected the English Church and moved to Holland (The Netherlands)
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Ch.3, Sec.2 – New England Colonies
- the Pilgrims wanted to come to the Americas to start new
- in November of A.D.1620, their ship called the Mayflower landed at Plymouth Rock in present-day Massachusetts
- because they landed on a place outside of the Virginia Company’s charter, they all signed the Mayflower Compact, which was an agreement to obey all laws
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Ch.3, Sec.2 – New England Colonies
- after a harsh winter where half of the Pilgrims died by Spring, they met Samoset who introduces them to Squanto
- Squanto teaches them to negotiate a peace treaty with the Native Americans, plant crops, fish, and acts as their interpreter
- the Pilgrims hold a three day feast called “Thanksgiving” to celebrate their peace with the Natives
The Pilgrims Found Plymouth
- soon more people would sail to New England for freedom
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Ch.3, Sec.2 – New England Colonies
- by the thousands, the Puritans left England for the Americas to “purify” the English Church in what is called the Great Migration
The Puritans Come to Massachusetts Bay
- they created a commonwealth, which was a community where people work together for a common good
- all children had to learn to read the Bible
- the “New England Way”
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Ch.3, Sec.2 – New England Colonies
The New England Colonies
Location Leader Contributions
Massachusetts Bay Colony
John Winthrop - General court makes laws- only male church members can
vote
Rhode IslandRoger Williams (kicked out of
Massachusetts)
- separation of church and state- 1st Baptist Church
Connecticut Thomas Hooker - Wrote “Fundamental Orders” (a constitution)
New Hampshire John Wheelwright - established the town of Exeter
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Ch.3, Sec.2 – New England Colonies
Challenges to Puritan Leaders
- The Quakers challenged the Massachusetts commonwealth and were eventually kicked out of Massachusetts, so they moved to Rhode Island
- they believed in non-violence, equality, and using an “inner light” to directly find God
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Ch.3, Sec.2 – New England Colonies
King Philip’s War
- Continual conflict over land resulted in war by A.D. 1675-1676
- The Puritans eventually fought against the Wampanoag tribe and their leader, Metacom (also called King Philip)