Ch.3 Overview Birth of Modern America
Transcript of Ch.3 Overview Birth of Modern America
Ch.3 Overview Birth of Modern America
Sec.1 - Settling the West
Sec.2 - Industrialization
Sec.3 - Immigration & Urbanization
Sec.4 - Early Reforms
Sec.5 - Politics and Reforms
Big Idea
Industry in the United States flourished following the Civil War. Natural resources industries needed were available from the mining in the west, people were moving to the cities for work which created a large labor pool and railroads were making the U.S. accessible for more people. Modern inventions were making life easier and forcing the price of materials and food items to all time lows.
U.S. Industrializes U.S. industrialized because of: Resources, Work Force, Free Enterprise,& new inventions
With recent inventions, the U.S. became the worlds leading industrial nation
GNP - Natural Resources - Labor
Gross National Product (GNP) was 8 times greater than when the Civil War war ended
GNP = Total value of all goods and services produced by a country
Natural ResourcesU.S. Contained vast amounts of resources
could obtain cheaply
gold, iron, silver, lumber, oil & kerosene
railroad would transport resources from the west to where industry was located
American Oil Market - Kerosene was used in lanterns & stoves
Large workforceHuman resource just as important as natural resources
between 1870 - 1910 U.S. population tripled - Due to arrival of 20 million immigrants
Immigrants/Moving to city - many moved for a better life
more people created greater demand for goods & increased Production
Free Enterprise
People have the ability to start business for profit
Laissez-faire - hands off govt - let people do as they please
allowed people to operate businesses without govt control
New InventionsAlexander Graham Bell
believed you could talk verbally through the telegraph
invented telephone, revolutionized personal communication & business
Bell & others started telephone co. “Bell Telephone Co.” (AT&T)
Thomas Edison
Invented Phonograph (record Player)
“Perfected” the lightbulb, electric generator
Who invented it than??
Sir Humphrey Davy
Motion Picture
Edison also Invented:
Batteries and motion pictures
Edison Electric Illuminating Co. (General Electric or GE)
Other “Electric” Inventions.....
Harold Brown made equipment to perform electric executions for $8,000.
August 1890, a convict named William Kemmler became the first person to be executed by electrocution.
Executed for 17 seconds with 1000 volts
LIVED!!!
Executed again with 2000 volts
Total execution lasted 8 minutes
Westinghouse commented “They could have done better with an axe”
! Steam&revolution&! Railroad&fueled&growing&economy:&! First&big&business&! Financial&Investment&! �opening�&of&the&West&! Aided&in&development&of&other&industries&
Refrigerated Rail CarsGustavis Swift - Refrigerated rail car
Able to transport meat from ranches to markets - meat would stay fresh
potatoes travel an average distance of 741 miles; peaches, 843 miles; cabbage, 970 miles. average journey being 1,084 miles, and apples, which travel 1,162 miles. tomatoes, 1,894 miles; oranges and grapefruit, 2,126 miles; and cantaloupe and melons come 2,434 miles-about as far as from Los Angeles to Cincinnati. But the record-holder among domestic fruits is the grape. This little fellow journeys 2,597 miles to reach our tables!
Typewriter Keyboard
Invented by C.L. Sholes 1878
Created QWERTY Keyboard
Fix jamming problem
Originally keys in alphabetical order (2 rows)
Only typed in capitals
Sholes went to Remington to mass produce
Words
3 5 7 9 N O P Q R S T U V W X Y Z 2 4 6 8 . A B C D E F G H I J K L M
2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 - ,Q W E . T Y I U O PZ S D F G H J K L MA X & C V B N ? ; R
2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 - A E I . ? Y U O ,B C D F G H J K L MZ X W V T S R Q P N