Ch22 highrenaissanceandmannerism
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Ch. 22 High Renaissance Ch. 22 High Renaissance and Mannerismand Mannerism
Pg 614-660Pg 614-660
1515thth Century Century
Lead to developments in anatomy Lead to developments in anatomy and perspectiveand perspective
Da VinciDa Vinci RaphaelRaphael MichelangeloMichelangelo Titian Titian ALL IN ROMEALL IN ROME
Leonardo da VinciLeonardo da Vinci
Note taker, sketches, Note taker, sketches, botany, geology, zoology, botany, geology, zoology,
military engineering, military engineering, science. science.
Light and opticsLight and optics Studied the human bodyStudied the human body
1481 went to Milan to work 1481 went to Milan to work for the duke.for the duke.
Da Vinci – Virgin of the Da Vinci – Virgin of the RocksRocks
Model with light and Model with light and shadowshadow
Pyramidal groupingPyramidal grouping Atmospheric settingAtmospheric setting Pray, point, blessPray, point, bless St. John the BaptistSt. John the Baptist Looked at Looked at
Masaccio’s artMasaccio’s art
Cartoons ,Balance, stately grace of their Cartoons ,Balance, stately grace of their
movements, like goddess of Parthenonmovements, like goddess of Parthenon
Last Supper- Fresco 1495Last Supper- Fresco 1495da Vincida Vinci
Christ- “one of you will betray me”Christ- “one of you will betray me” Christ IsolatedChrist Isolated Judas Judas Complex paintingComplex painting 4 Groups of 34 Groups of 3 Judas in shadow clutching moneyJudas in shadow clutching money
George de LucasGeorge de Lucas
Da Vinci – Mona LisaDa Vinci – Mona Lisa
Wife of a wealthy Wife of a wealthy FlorentineFlorentine
Engaging Engaging psychologicallypsychologically
Atmospheric Atmospheric perspective perspective
Sfumato (misty Sfumato (misty haziness)haziness)
Unknown Unknown landscapelandscape
Julius II : A Warrior- Pope quest Julius II : A Warrior- Pope quest for Authority 1506for Authority 1506
Old St. Peter’s a new Old St. Peter’s a new structure. structure.
Old building fellOld building fell Roughly square planRoughly square plan 9 Interlocking crosses9 Interlocking crosses 5 domes5 domes Bramante boasted he Bramante boasted he
would place the dome would place the dome of the Pantheon over of the Pantheon over the Basilica Novathe Basilica Nova
Important Imperial images on Important Imperial images on Roman coins-17Roman coins-17thth century it century it
was completed was completed
Bramante – Tempietto -Bramante – Tempietto -15021502
Little TempleLittle Temple Round templesRound temples Queen Isabella of Queen Isabella of
Spain Spain commissioned commissioned
Like a Greek Like a Greek Tholos( a small Tholos( a small shrine)shrine)
Michelangelo 1500Michelangelo 1500
Pope Julius II asked Michelangelo to Pope Julius II asked Michelangelo to covey his messagecovey his message
Michelangelo created architecutre Michelangelo created architecutre and sculptureand sculpture
Massive forms and art to become Massive forms and art to become close to old Rome wasclose to old Rome was
David 1501David 1501
David hero of David hero of Florentine RepublicFlorentine Republic
Psychological insightPsychological insight Like Classical to Like Classical to
HellenisticHellenistic Before victoryBefore victory Emotionally connectedEmotionally connected
Michelangelo – Moses – Rome 1513- Horns, Michelangelo – Moses – Rome 1513- Horns, Id Moses, Turned head in concentration, Id Moses, Turned head in concentration,
Swelling veinsSwelling veins
Pope commissioned Pope commissioned Michelangelo to create his Michelangelo to create his tombtomb
Tablets of Law- Turned head , Tablets of Law- Turned head , concentrates frame and eyesconcentrates frame and eyes
Like Hellenistic artLike Hellenistic art
Sistine Chapel – Vatican City – 1473Sistine Chapel – Vatican City – 1473Inexperienced with fresco, Long NarrativeInexperienced with fresco, Long Narrative
Hebrew Prophets and pagan Hebrew Prophets and pagan sibyls who foretold Christsibyls who foretold Christ
Focus on figuresFocus on figures 300 figures in a ultimate grand 300 figures in a ultimate grand
drama of the human racedrama of the human race Old Testament scenesOld Testament scenes Painted with a sculptors eye for Painted with a sculptors eye for
how light and shadow would fall. how light and shadow would fall.
Creation of AdamCreation of AdamCommunication with Gods and humansCommunication with Gods and humansAdams original sin lead to Christ’s deathAdams original sin lead to Christ’s death
God reaches to AdamGod reaches to Adam
The cleaningThe cleaning
School of Athens – Raphael – 1509 for the School of Athens – Raphael – 1509 for the Papal Apts Papal Apts
The great philosophers come together – The great philosophers come together – Ancient WorldAncient World
Plato ( holds book) Aristotle – Central FiguresPlato ( holds book) Aristotle – Central Figures Vast perspective, moods, beliefs, close studyVast perspective, moods, beliefs, close study Summarization of all the beliefs of the Summarization of all the beliefs of the
Western CivilizationWestern Civilization Balanced, cultured, “congregation of great Balanced, cultured, “congregation of great
philosophers”philosophers”
Raphael – Marriage of the Raphael – Marriage of the Virgin - 1504Virgin - 1504
High Renaissance idealsHigh Renaissance ideals Background buildingBackground building Influenced by Michelangelo Influenced by Michelangelo
and Leonardoand Leonardo Joseph competed with other Joseph competed with other
suitors for Mary’s handsuitors for Mary’s hand Foreshortening & perspective Foreshortening & perspective
usedused
Perugino Perugino -1481
Raphael – Madonna in the Raphael – Madonna in the Meadow 1505Meadow 1505
Pyramidal comp.Pyramidal comp. Chiaroscuro similar Chiaroscuro similar
to da Vincito da Vinci Perugino’s light Perugino’s light
tonalities tonalities Sharp tonesSharp tones
Raphael – Galatea – 1513Raphael – Galatea – 1513
Pope Leo X ( son of Med. ) Pope Leo X ( son of Med. ) succeeded Julius II as Raphael’s succeeded Julius II as Raphael’s patronpatron
Runs from Cyclops Polyphemus Runs from Cyclops Polyphemus on a shell and dolphinson a shell and dolphins
ForeshorteningForeshortening MotionMotion Like who? Like who? Pagan myths popularPagan myths popular
Michelangelo - Tomb of Giuliano de Medici Michelangelo - Tomb of Giuliano de Medici 15191519
Works for Medici PopesWorks for Medici Popes Funerary ChapelFunerary Chapel River godsRiver gods Neo-Platonism – Plato’s Neo-Platonism – Plato’s
ideals- spiritualistic ideals- spiritualistic philosophyphilosophy
Lowest levels of the gods Lowest levels of the gods the lowest in lifethe lowest in life
Dawn and Day ( male)Dawn and Day ( male) Contortion Contortion ThicknessThickness Cared more about formCared more about form
Papacy of Pope Paul IIIPapacy of Pope Paul III
Lived nicely! Lots of personal Lived nicely! Lots of personal commissionscommissions
Orchestrated campaign to restore Orchestrated campaign to restore the Catholic church in the wake of the Catholic church in the wake of Protestant ReformationProtestant Reformation
Antonio da Sagallo – Palazzo Antonio da Sagallo – Palazzo Farnesa Farnesa (favorite architect of the Pope)(favorite architect of the Pope)
Michelangelo – Michelangelo – Last Judgment 1534Last Judgment 1534
Christ judges the worldChrist judges the world Arm held up by Jesus= damnationArm held up by Jesus= damnation Choirs of Heaven Choirs of Heaven Dead awake fleshy – demons – Dead awake fleshy – demons –
gargoyle masks, torment the gargoyle masks, torment the damneddamned
Fate to sinnersFate to sinners
Capitoline Hill-1537Capitoline Hill-1537
Achieve balance Achieve balance and symmetry in and symmetry in designdesign
New buildingNew building Oval baseOval base
Michelangelo 1540Michelangelo 1540
Last project with Last project with PopePope
No payNo pay Preserve Preserve
Bramante’s planBramante’s plan Reduced central Reduced central
crosses ( Greek crosses ( Greek cross)cross)
Front PorticoFront Portico
Venetian Art -1500sVenetian Art -1500s
Fortune decline in 16Fortune decline in 16thth century century Soft colored LightSoft colored Light Bellini ( trained in International Bellini ( trained in International
Style)Style) Nymphs/gods/ Lush Tones/ Pleasure Nymphs/gods/ Lush Tones/ Pleasure Venetian painting were about colorVenetian painting were about color Rome and Florence = SculptureRome and Florence = Sculpture
Bellini and Titan - 1529Bellini and Titan - 1529The Feast of the Gods
Giorgione – The Tempest - Giorgione – The Tempest - 15101510
Stormy skies Stormy skies LightingLighting Young woman Young woman
nursing babynursing baby No NarrativeNo Narrative Tints of red, black, Tints of red, black,
highlightshighlights
Assumption of Assumption of the Virgin – Titan the Virgin – Titan 15161516
Golden cloudsGolden clouds Large scale Large scale
altarpiecealtarpiece DramaticDramatic
Pesaro Family – Pesaro Family – TitanTitan – 1519 – 1519
Trained by Bellini Trained by Bellini and Giorgioneand Giorgione
Madonna and a Saint Madonna and a Saint honoring honoring achievements to men achievements to men in this worldin this world
Titian – Meeting of Bacchus and Ariadne -Titian – Meeting of Bacchus and Ariadne -15221522
- arrives to save - arrives to save Ariadne whom Ariadne whom Theseus had Theseus had abandoned on a abandoned on a IslandIsland
Titan – rich and Titan – rich and luminous colorsluminous colors
Titian – Venus of Urbino – Titian – Venus of Urbino – 15381538
Female nude – private, based on a Giorgone, compositional Female nude – private, based on a Giorgone, compositional elements of a reclining nude, servants, red tones, pale neutral elements of a reclining nude, servants, red tones, pale neutral
whites, whites,
Correggio –Assumption of the Virgin -1526Correggio –Assumption of the Virgin -1526
MannerismMannerism-Elegant style, cultured, -Elegant style, cultured, not natural and idea of a not natural and idea of a
scene,scene, unusual, sophisticated unusual, sophisticated
Pontormo – Pontormo – Descent from the Descent from the Cross -1525Cross -1525
Virgin falls back, Virgin falls back, hands hands accentuated, accentuated, bendsbends
Parmigianino Parmigianino – – Madonna with Madonna with the Long Neck – the Long Neck – 15351535
Influenced by Influenced by Raphael Raphael
Elongation of the Elongation of the frameframe
ElegantElegant
Tintoretto –The Last Supper 1594
Bronzino – Portrait of a young Bronzino – Portrait of a young man man
Graceful handsGraceful hands ProudProud Muted backgroundMuted background
Anguissola – portrait of the Artist’s sisters and Brother
1555
Giovanni – Abuduction of the Sabine Women
Veronese – Christ in the House of Levi 1573
Villa Rotonda – Palladio 1566
Palladio -San Giorgio Maggiore 1565