Ch.1 - The Study of Life Chapter 1 A View of Life.

Ch.1 - The Study of Life

Chapter 1A View of Life

Ch.1 – A View of Life 1.4 – The Process of Science

Science is…

explanations of the natural world obtained through……………………………………..

experimentation and observation

It is objectiveProvable, Factual, Unbiased, The

same from multiple sources

It is not subjective

Belief, Opinion, Judgment, Different from source to source

“I am 6’1” tall”

“I am tall”

Ask a Question

Form a hypothesis

Collect the Data

Analyze the data

Report Conclusions

Scientific Method – based on inductive reasoning

Drawing general conclusions based on specific observable

patterns

-The dogs I have seen have fur-I have never seen a lizard with fur

ThereforeDogs are not lizards



Deductive reasoning Applying general theories to specific

examples

All living things are composed of cells Therefore

Whatever this sample came from must be a living thing



The sum of the angles of a triangle = 180o

ThereforeIf the sum of two of the angles of a given triangle = 130o

then the 3rd must be 50o

I can move on my own and my cat can move on his own.My cat and I are both alive

ThereforeAll living things have the ability to move on their own.

InductiveDeductive arguments are either right or wrong

arguments are either strong or weak


Scientific Method

Collect the dataA controlled experiment contains two groups

Control Group Experimental Group -Not tested

-Used as a comparison

-Tested-Contains the…

Dependent Variable What is measured

Independent VariableWhat is changed

&

Every good experiment has 1 independent variable


Scientific Method

Collect the data

Dep

end

ent

Var

iab

le

Independent Variable


Metric measurement

oCg

mm2

m3

l

temperaturemasslengthareavolume (solid)volume (liquid)

oC = (5/9)*(oF -32) 1 kg = 2.2 lbs

1in = 2.54cm & 1mi = 1.6 km

1 cm3 = 1 ml1 l = 1.06 quarts

Kilo- Hecta- Deca- BASE Deci- Centi- Milli-

Micro (µ) – one millionth - x 10-6

x103 x102 x10 x10-1 x10-2 x10-3


Metric measurement

Kilo- Hecta- Deca- BASE Deci- Centi- Milli-

Micro (µ) – one millionth - x 10-6

x103 x102 x10 x10-1 x10-2 x10-3

1. 10mL or .1L

2. 10 km or 6 mi

3. 6.2x10-5kg or 1.8x103g

4. 16OC or 55OF

5. 8 lbs or or 1000 g

6. (in area) 5 cm x 12 cm square Or .1m x .04 m square

.1L = 100ml

6mi = 9.6km

.062g 1800g

55OF = 12.7OC

8lbs = 3.6kg = 3600g

60cm2

40cm2

Which is Greater?


Because the scientific process is based upon inductive reasoning, studies must be repeated many times in order to

accept or reject hypotheses.Scientific Theories•A scientific theory summarizes a hypothesis (or group of hypotheses) that have been supported with repeated testing.

•They explain natural phenomena

Scientific Method

Analyze the data

Scientific Law•Describes (does not explain) natural phenomena


The Characteristics of Life

Made of one or more cellsDisplays OrganizationGrows and Develops

ReproducesResponds to Stimuli

Requires EnergyMaintains Homeostasis

Adaptations Evolve Over Time

Ch.1 – A View of Life 1.1 – How to Define Life


Made of one or more cellsDisplays OrganizationGrows and Develops

ReproducesResponds to Stimuli

Requires EnergyMaintains Homeostasis

Adaptations Evolve Over Time

Made of one or more cells


Made of one or more cells

The Cell Theory (Proposed in 1863 by Theodor Schwann and Matthias Schleiden)

1. All known living things are composed of cells

2. The cell is the structural and functional unit of all living things

3. All cells come from preexisting cells



Levels of Organization

The Characteristics of LifeDisplays Organization

Atoms

Molecules

CellsTissues

OrgansOrgan Systems

Multicellular Organisms

Carbon

Amino Acids

NeuronGray matter

BrainNervous System

You

Macromolecules Protein


The Characteristics of LifeGrows and Develops

1 day 3 days 7 days

12 days 20 days


The Characteristics of LifeReproduces

Reproduction is not essential to the individual but is critical for the species

Asexual Reproduction

“Cloning”

Two identical organisms are created

from one.

Sexual Reproduction

One unique organism is created from two.

Ensures genetic diversity.


The Characteristics of LifeResponds to Stimuli


The Characteristics of LifeMaintains Homeostasis

Regulation of an organisms internal

conditions


The Characteristics of LifeAdaptations Evolve Over Time

Alive or Not?? (See Handout)


http://www.teachersdomain.org/asset/tdc02_vid_alive/

Ch.1 - The Study of Life Chapter 1 A View of Life.

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