CH. 5 EUROPE’S LATE MIDDLE AGES. KNIGHTHOOD AND CHIVALRY Chivalry - knights code of honor Not...
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Transcript of CH. 5 EUROPE’S LATE MIDDLE AGES. KNIGHTHOOD AND CHIVALRY Chivalry - knights code of honor Not...
KNIGHTHOOD AND CHIVALRY
KNIGHTHOOD AND CHIVALRY
Chivalry - knights code of honor
Not all knights were chivalrousPracticed by hunting and joustingThe better the knight, the better his social status.
The long bow made the knight obsolete.
Pledge of allegianceGod/Lord/Master
EDUCATIONPage => Squire => KnightDubbing
Chivalry - knights code of honor
Not all knights were chivalrousPracticed by hunting and joustingThe better the knight, the better his social status.
The long bow made the knight obsolete.
Pledge of allegianceGod/Lord/Master
EDUCATIONPage => Squire => KnightDubbing
COAT OF ARMSCOAT OF ARMS
HeraldryTeams / uniforms
Family lineage
HeraldryTeams / uniforms
Family lineage
FEUDALISM - a system in which a free man binds himself personally to a lord, offering him loyalty and military serviceIn return for protection and the use of property.
HUNDRED YEARS WAR1338-1453
HUNDRED YEARS WAR1338-1453
France vs. England Who should be King of France?
England invaded France.English King Edward = Nephew of French ruler.
LONG WAR - Long truces, winter, harvests.ARCHERS gave England the advantage.
France vs. England Who should be King of France?
England invaded France.English King Edward = Nephew of French ruler.
LONG WAR - Long truces, winter, harvests.ARCHERS gave England the advantage.
BATTLE OF AGINCOURT1415 - French vs. English
Last important English victory
BATTLE OF AGINCOURT1415 - French vs. English
Last important English victory
French Four times the sizeRested and fedBattled for best ransom positionDisorganized
French Four times the sizeRested and fedBattled for best ransom positionDisorganized
English- Use of archers- Use of stakes- Organized and defeated a much
larger army
JOAN OF ARC17 YR. OLD PEASANT
GIRL
JOAN OF ARC17 YR. OLD PEASANT
GIRLLed by angelic voices.Led France to several victories.Helped to crown Charles VII the King of France.
Captured and burned at the stake.Heresy and witchcraft.Charles refused to pay ransom.
MARTYR - Became more powerful dead than alive.United the French people together as a “nation” rather than fiefdoms.
Led by angelic voices.Led France to several victories.Helped to crown Charles VII the King of France.
Captured and burned at the stake.Heresy and witchcraft.Charles refused to pay ransom.
MARTYR - Became more powerful dead than alive.United the French people together as a “nation” rather than fiefdoms.
TRADE AND TOWN TRADE AND TOWN
During the Crusades many new trade items were discovered.Silk, spices, tapestries, sugar, etc.
Ships and traders brought goods back for profit.allowed commoners an escape from serfdom.
Started as trade fairs => later evolved into towns.Towns helped overcome winters and outlaws.
During the Crusades many new trade items were discovered.Silk, spices, tapestries, sugar, etc.
Ships and traders brought goods back for profit.allowed commoners an escape from serfdom.
Started as trade fairs => later evolved into towns.Towns helped overcome winters and outlaws.
THE CRAFT GUILDSTHE CRAFT GUILDS
People became specialized (i.e.. Bakers, tailors, blacksmiths, tanners, tavern
keepers, etc.)
Guilds were formed to:Set standards.Control prices.Eliminate competition.Look after members
Illness, trade.
Apprentice => Journeyman => Master
People became specialized (i.e.. Bakers, tailors, blacksmiths, tanners, tavern
keepers, etc.)
Guilds were formed to:Set standards.Control prices.Eliminate competition.Look after members
Illness, trade.
Apprentice => Journeyman => Master
Blacksmith
Carpenter
Shoe maker
MEDIEVAL TOWNSMEDIEVAL TOWNS
Became the center for farmers.London - Today >8 million -Then 50 000.
Castle & walls for protection.Unplanned, crowded no plumbing, garbage, and sewage dumped.
Attractions - pageants, plays, bear baiting, and other ‘blood sports’.
Became the center for farmers.London - Today >8 million -Then 50 000.
Castle & walls for protection.Unplanned, crowded no plumbing, garbage, and sewage dumped.
Attractions - pageants, plays, bear baiting, and other ‘blood sports’.
Bear Baiting
SOCIAL CHANGESSOCIAL CHANGESMoney became as important as land.The rise of the Middle Class would end feudalism.
Money became as important as land.The rise of the Middle Class would end feudalism.
NEW FREEDOMS- do as they wish- marry who they please- serfs = freedom if live in city for 1 yr. plus a day.- Charters - allowed towns to govern themselves
- usually run by the wealthy.
NEW POWERS- the merchant guild became the most powerful. ($ from
ships & trade)- Hanseatic League - protected trade routes and pressured leaders.
MEDIEVAL WOMENMEDIEVAL WOMEN
Lower status than men. Even the church approved of this.
Had many children, worked fields, household chores, and died young.
Town women better off as earned money.
Wealthy women still inferior but with education and money their status would eventually increase slowly.
Lower status than men. Even the church approved of this.
Had many children, worked fields, household chores, and died young.
Town women better off as earned money.
Wealthy women still inferior but with education and money their status would eventually increase slowly.
THE CHURCH IN THE LATE MIDDLE AGESStill had great influence on the people.THE CHURCH IN THE LATE MIDDLE AGESStill had great influence on the people.
RUMBLINGS IN THE FLOCJOHN WYCLIFFE
Questioned the church.Had no right to tell people what to believeTranslated the BibleCriticized the Church’s wealth.John Hus also criticized & was burned at the stake
CHURCH ARCHITECTURE
RUMBLINGS IN THE FLOCJOHN WYCLIFFE
Questioned the church.Had no right to tell people what to believeTranslated the BibleCriticized the Church’s wealth.John Hus also criticized & was burned at the stake
CHURCH ARCHITECTURE
RomanArch Gothic Arch
Flying Buttress
THE BLACK DEATH(BUBONIC PLAGUE)
THE BLACK DEATH(BUBONIC PLAGUE)
1/3 of Europe would die from the disease.
Thousands of ghost towns.Many felt a punishment by God.Left a shortage of workers.
Spread from victim to victimthrough fleas on rats.
Symptoms. Swollen lymph glands.Dark blotches on skin.High fever Vomiting blood.Hallucinations.Die within one to three days.
Brought out the best & worst in people.
1/3 of Europe would die from the disease.
Thousands of ghost towns.Many felt a punishment by God.Left a shortage of workers.
Spread from victim to victimthrough fleas on rats.
Symptoms. Swollen lymph glands.Dark blotches on skin.High fever Vomiting blood.Hallucinations.Die within one to three days.
Brought out the best & worst in people.
QuickTime™ and aTIFF (Uncompressed) decompressor
are needed to see this picture.
QuickTime™ and aTIFF (Uncompressed) decompressor
are needed to see this picture.
QuickTime™ and aTIFF (Uncompressed) decompressor
are needed to see this picture.
Rats& crew on ships spread disease.
Protection ??
Medieval towns were decimated.