AP BIOLOGY CHAPTER GUIDECh. 4 - Cell Structure and Function

1. What are the 3 tenets of the cell theory? (p. 61)

a. __________________________________________________________________________

b. __________________________________________________________________________

c. __________________________________________________________________________

2. How is the surface are to volume ratio used to explain why cells are small? (p. 62)

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3. Which of the objects below has a greater surface are to volume ratio? ______________________

4. Which of these objects represents a typical cell? Why?__________________________________________________________________________________

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5. What is the key difference between a prokayotic cell and a eukaryotic cell? (p. 65)

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6. Compare the complexity and size of a prokaryotic cell and a eukaryotic cell. (p. 65)

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BA

AP BIOLOGY CHAPTER GUIDE

7. Complete the cell matrix below (pgs. 65-77)

Cell component Eukaryote (Plant)

Eukaryote (Animal)

Prokaryotes

plasma membrane - acts as a semipermeable membrane for substances moving in and out of the cell

X X X

cell wall -

cytoplasm -

nucleoid -

ribosomes -

transport vesicles -

cytoskeleton -

nucleus -

nucleolus -

endoplasmic reticulum (rough) -

endoplasmic reticulum (smooth) -

golgi apparatus -

lysosome -

vacuole (central) -

chloroplast -

mitochondrion -

AP BIOLOGY CHAPTER GUIDE

8. Sketch a typical prokaryotic cell, label its parts, and state the function for each of them. (p. 65)

9. What does it mean to say that the eukaryotic cell is compartmentalized? (p.66-67)

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10. What organelle is shown below? (p. 76) _________________ . Label and describe each letter..

A. plant cell

B. ___________________________________

C. ___________________________________

D. ___________________________________

E. ___________________________________

F. thylakoid space

G. ___________________________________

H. outermembrane space

I. ___________________________________

AP BIOLOGY CHAPTER GUIDE

11. What organelle is shown below? (p. 77) _________________ . Label and describe each letter.

A. __________________________________________________

B. __________________________________________________

C. __________________________________________________

D. __________________________________________________

E. __________________________________________________

12. How are mitochondria and chloroplasts related to one another? (pgs. 76-77)

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A

B CD E