Ch. 2.2

The English Colonies

• New England Colonies– MA, RI, CT & NH• Religious dissenters

– 1630 Massachusetts• Boston

– Puritans» Anglican reformers» Didn’t accept other religions» Late 1600’s Salem witch trials

– 1636 Connecticut• Thomas Hooker & congregation

– Sought religious freedom

– 1644 Rhode Island• Roger Williams

– Forced to leave MA» Thought it was wrong to take Native American lands

– Accepted all faiths

• Middles Colonies– NY, NJ, PA & DE– New York was a Dutch colony 1st

• English fleet seized New Amsterdam• 1664 king gave it to the Duke of York

– York gave southern part away» 1702 became New Jersey

– 1680 Pennsylvania• William Penn

– Quakers– Ideals of peace, equality, justice– religious freedom– Relations with natives was peaceful

• 1704 southernmost counties became Delaware

• Southern Colonies– MD, VA, NC, SC & GA– 1624 Virginia• Founded in 1607• Settlers successful in tobacco• Indentured servants

– Paid for their voyage by working on farms» Clothing, food & shelter provided until labor contract

ended– Eventually turned to slave trade to meet demand for labor

• Relations with natives was hostile– Gov tried to restrict taking of land

» Nathaniel Bacon led rebellion vs. this policy

– 1629 North & South Carolina• Began as Carolina but split• Profited from rice, tar & indigo• Indentured servitude

– Plantation system– Eventually led to slavery for labor needs– Triangle trade

» Rum to Africa for slaves and gold» Slaves to West Indies for sugar & molasses» Sugar & molasses to America to make rum

– Georgia• James Oglethorpe• Founded as a colony for debtors & poor

– They often found themselves in prison in England– Fresh start

• A barrier btw Spanish FL & other English colonies

See chart on pg