Ch 2 Introduction to HIS
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Transcript of Ch 2 Introduction to HIS
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8/9/2019 Ch 2 Introduction to HIS
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AN INTRODUCTIONTOHEALTH INFORMATION SYSTEMS
(HIS)
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WHAT IS HIS?
Health Information System : One thatsupports all hospital functions and activities
such as patient records, scheduling,
administration, charge-back and billing, and
often links to or includes clinical informationsystems such as RIS. (Radiology Information
System )
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ICT
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Part of a HIS in which computer systemsare used as ICT-tools (information andcommunication technology ) is referred toas its computer-supported part
The remainder is being referred to as thenon-computer-supported part
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WHAT IS HIS?
the question is notwhether a hospital should be equipped with ahospital information system or not,
but an appropriate question would be ...
whether the performance should be enhanced,for example, by using state of the art ICT-toolsHIS must consider all areas of a hospital:wards
outpatient unitsservice units (diagnostic, therapy, others)administrative departmentsmanagement/executive units
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WHAT IS HIS?
HIS must consider all groups of personsphysiciansnursesadministrative stafftechnical staffhealth informaticians / health informationmanagers
...
... and last, but not least,patientsvisitorssuppliers...
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WHAT IS A HIS?
Definitions of HIS aboundOccrams rule!
anintegratedeffort to collect, process, report and usehealth information and knowledge toinfluencepolicy-making, programme action and researchWHO (2000)Guidance on Needs Assessment for National
Health Information Systems Development.
a set ofinterrelatedcomponents working together togather, retrieve, process, store and disseminate informationtosupportthe activities of health system planning, control,coordination and decision-making, both in management andservice delivery
Jack Smith, in: Health Management Information Systems ahandbook for decision makers. OUP, 2000.
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Hospital Information System
Registration Consulting Ward Nursing
Pharmacy
Stores & Purchase
RadiologyLaoratory!lood !an"
#iet & $itchen
And more...
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BENEFITS OF HIS
Investment in HIS may result in many benefits (WHO):
helpingdecision makersto detect and controlemerging and endemic health problems, monitorprogress towards health goals, and promote equity;
empoweringindividuals and communitieswith timelyand understandable health-related information, anddrive improvements inqualityof services;
strengthening the evidence base for effective health
policies, permittingevaluationof scale-up efforts, andenablinginnovationthrough research;
improvinggovernance, mobilising new resources, andensuringaccountabilityin the way they are used. 8
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HEALTH CARE DATA
TYPES OF HEALTH CARE DATA
Patient-Specific Data
Clinical Data
Administrative Data
Financial and Billing Data
Aggregate Health Care Data
Disease and Procedure Indexes
Cost Reports
Health Care Statistics
Outcome Measures and Balanced
Scorecards
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HEALTH CARE INFORMATION
SYSTEMS
Foundational Terms & DefinitionsNHIN National Health Information
NetworkAn Internet-based data exchange that will
allow medical providers to share health data
to improve care
Automated prescriptions
Accuracy of patient information
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FOUNDATIONAL TERMS &
DEFINITIONS
RHIO (Regional Health InformationOrganization):
A regional organization of stakeholdersenabling the exchange and use of health
information to facilitate improvements in
healthcare quality .
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FOUNDATIONAL TERMS &
DEFINITIONS
EMR Electronic Medical Record
An Electronic Medical Record facilitates:
access of patient data by clinical staff at any
given locationaccurate and complete claims processing by
insurance companies
building automated checks for drug and
allergy interactionsclinical notes
prescriptions
scheduling sending to and viewing labs
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INFORMATICS TERMS AND
DEFINITIONS
PHR Personal Health Record
The Personal Health Record (PHR) is an
Internet-based set of tools that allows people
to access and coordinate their lifelong health
information and make appropriate parts of it
available to those who need it.
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INFORMATICS TERMS AND
DEFINITIONS
PHRs offer an integrated and comprehensive
view of health information, including
information people generate themselves such
as symptoms and medication use, information
from doctors such as diagnoses and testresults, and information from their
pharmacies and insurance companies.
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Individuals access their PHRs via the Internet,
using state-of-the-art security and privacy
controls, at any time and from any location.
Access on a local computer with download
capabilities
Paper records
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PHR
Family members, doctors or school nurses cansee portions of a PHR whennecessary and emergency room staff canretrieve vital information from it in a crisis.
People can use their PHR as a communicationshub: to send email to doctors, transferinformation to specialists, receive test resultsand access online self-help tools. PHR connectseach of us to the incredible potential of modernhealth care and gives us control over our owninformation.
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FOUNDATIONAL TERMS &
DEFINITIONS
HIPAA Assurance: The Health Insurance Portability and
Accountability Act mandates thathealthcare providers and health plansprotect the privacy of patient records;one implication for medical IT providersis that a VPN can be used to secure
transmission of medical records over theInternet
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TYPES OF (HEALTH) INFORMATION SYSTEMS
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Strategic
informationsystems
Tactical information
systems
Operational information systems
Decision support systems,
simulation systems,
financial forecasting,
performance assessment
Management information
systems
Electronic patient records,
payroll, invoicing systems, patient
administration systems,
purchasing/inventory, office
automation
Artificial Intelligence
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HEALTH INFORMATION SUBSYSTEMS
A health information system can be considered to consist of
several separate subsystems:
Data collection based on patient and service records andreporting from community health workers, health workers andhealth facilities
Programme-specific monitoring and evaluation(ex: EPI, Malaria, TB, HIV/AIDS)
Administration and resource management(budget, personnel, supplies)
Disease surveillance and outbreak notification
Data generated through household surveys (KPC, DHS)
Registration of vital events and censuses
(births, deaths and causes of death)
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HIS subsystems rarely interact
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Development steps of HIS
Management
Information
System
Clinical
Information
System
MIS
CIS
GMIS
GeographicalManagement
Information System
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THIS INFORMATION CAN BE CATEGORIZED
AS
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INFORMATION WILL BE USED BY THE
AREAS
Patient Administration
Clinical Management
Resource Management
Financial Management Management Information System
And more
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Laboratory
Pharmacy
Radiology
DataEntry
& Reslts
Re!ie"
E!ent
Monitor
#illing&
$inancial
Medical
Logic
Modles
Medical
Entities
Dictionary
Database
Interface
Patient
Database
Research
Databases
Speciali%ed
Encoders
MedLEE
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HIS HAVE THE ABILITY TO LINK THE FOLLOWING
MAJOR PLAYERS
Laboratori!
P"ar#a$i!
R!ar$"r!
Do$tor! a%& $o%!'(ta%t! Ba%)! a%& *i%a%$ia( i%!tit'tio%!
Ai%i!trator!
A%& )%o+(&, #a%a,r!
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IS shold pro!ide
in%ormation 'rimarily aout 'atients in a (aythat it is correct 'ertinent and u' to date in timeaccessile y the right 'ersons at the right site in ausale %ormat
"no(ledge 'rimarily aout diseases ut also%or e)am'le aout the e%%ects o% drug interaction tosu''ort diagnosis and thera'y
in%ormation aout the *uality o% 'atient carehos'ital 'er%ormance and costs
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