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Ch 18 Renewable Energy
Transcript of Ch 18 Renewable Energy
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Warm up
What is renewable energy?
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Renewable Energy
SEV4 Resource allocation and use
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Renewable Energy
Sources that are constantly being formed
Solar
Wind
Moving water
Earths heat
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Solar Energy
Already commonly used
Water cycle
Photosynthesis
Wind
Sunshine warming a room
Solar cells
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Passive Solar Heating
Use sun to heat something directly
Northern hemisphere homes
Large, south facing windows absorb heat inwinter
Overhangs block sunlight in the summer
Insulation is important
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Active Solar Heating
Suns energy is gathered to heat abuilding or water
Solar water heaters
Water heated on roof
Hot water used to heat water supply
Photovoltaic cells
No moving parts, no pollutionNeed many cells to produce decent yields
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Wind Power
Air is heated unevenly wind
Wind power Electrical energy
Fast growing resource 3 months to build a windmill
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Wind Farms
280,000 homes in CA powered by wind
Take up little space
Farmers add windmills to farm Sell power to cities
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Currently Underused
Windiest areas on earth could generate10x energy used worldwide.
Transportation of energy is challenging
Wind farms may make hydrogen fromwater in the future. Hydrogen used asfuel.
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Biomass
Plant material, manure, other organicmatter used as fuel
Challenges
Trees renewable, but must be managed
Burning wood or manure air pollution
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Methane
Decomposition methane (CH4)
Can be burned for heat or electricity
China 6 million homes use methane forheating/cooking
England Methane from cow manure as fuelfor electricity
USA electricity from methane generated bylandfills
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Alcohol
Ethanol fermenting fruit or agriculturalwaste
Gasohol
mix of gasoline and ethanol
Produces less pollution when burned
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Hydroelectricity
Produced from moving water
20% of electricity
How it works Reservoir holds water
Water turns turbines/generator
Generator turns movement into electricity
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Benefits of Hydroelectricity
Expensive to build but cheap to operate
No air pollution
Last longer Flood control
Water for drinking, agriculture, industry,
and recreation
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Disadvantages of Hydroelectricity
Disrupts river flow
Ecosystems flooded behind dam
River flow diminished below dam
Displaces people
Farmland downstream less productive
Decay in reservoir
greenhouse gases
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Modern Hydroelectricity
No new dams in the USA
Brazil, India, and China still building largedams
Micro-hydropower
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Geothermal Energy
From the heat in earths crust
Use water or steam to turn turbines
The Geysers in CA powers 1.7 millionhomes
Philippines, Iceland, New Zealand, Japan,
Mexico, and Italy Renewable, but must be managed
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Geothermal Heat Pumps
Heat and cool homes
Temp underground is constant
Loop of fluid in a pipe underground andinto house
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Assignment
Answer #5 on p. 499
Ticket out the door
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Warm up
What is the differencebetween renewable energy
and alternative energy?
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Alternative energy
Still in development
Some renewable energy was oncealternative energy.
Govt investments are vital todevelopment.
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Tidal power
Benefits
Tides happen 2x a day
Generates electricity
like hydroelectric dams
Drawbacks
Expensive
Few suitable locations
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Ocean Thermal Energy Conversion(OTEC)
Benefits
Cold and warm oceanwater are available atdifferent depths
Cold water boils at lowtemp in vacuumchamber
Steam can turn aturbine
Drawbacks
Not cost effective
Uses 1/3 of the energy
it produces Environmental effects
unknown
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Hydrogen
Benefits
Abundant
No air pollutants when
burned (plants may produce
it)
Drawbacks
Generating it usesenergy, money, andmakes pollution
Explosive anddangerous
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Fuel Cells
Produce electricity chemically
Combine H2 and O2 and electricity isproduced.
Water is only byproduct
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Energy Efficiency
What you get out vs. what you put in
%Energy efficiency =
Much energy is wasted
Useful energy out
Energy in x 100
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Efficient Transportation
Public transportation
Hybrid cars
Efficient gasoline engine
Electric engine
Aerodynamic
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Cogeneration
Production of 2 useful forms of energyfrom 1 fuel source
Use waste heat from a furnace to turn aturbine
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Energy Conservation
Saving energy
Use energy efficient devices
Wasting less energy
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Cities and Towns
Osage, IA
3,600 people saved $1 million/year
Sealed doors and windows
New efficient furnaces
Insulated water heaters
Businesses moved to the area
Unemployment is down
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Around the Home
Spend $1,500/year on energy costs
Much is wasted
Insulation
Efficient windows
Weather stripping
Wash clothes in cold water