Ch 12 Central Nervous System

(CNS)

Learning Objectives1. Name the major regions of the adult brain and all

related structures of importance.2. Be able to state the functions of each brain structure.

It is not possible to tickle yourself. The cerebellum, a part of the brain, warns the rest of the brain that you are about to tickle yourself. Since your brain knows this, it ignores the resulting sensation.

The grooves on the brain are called sulci. The elevated ridges are gyri. Deeper grooves are fissures.

How Well Do You Know the Brain?

• http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Li5nMsXg1Lk

Once a human reaches the age of 35, he/she will start losing approximately 7,000 brain cells a day. The cells will never be replaced.

Basic Parts of the Brain - External

Great Brain website: http://www.pbs.org/wnet/brain/3d/

Label the structures on your practice diagram.

Frontal lobe

Parietal lobe

Occipital lobe

Temporal lobe

Parts of the Brain continuedThe brain has hollow, chambers called _______________ filled with cerebrospinal fluid and lined with ependymal cells.

Ventricles(all areas in blue)

Parts of the Brain: What Do They Do?

* See handout

Getting Familiar with the Cerebral Hemispheres (“Conscious Mind”)

Brain hemispheres have 3 basic regions:1. A superficial _______ of gray matter

(which looks gray in fresh brain tissue).2. An internal ________ matter.3. Islands of gray matter ______ within the

white matter.Do you Know the Difference Between Gray and White Matter?

Here’s a tip:

What is gray matter? Contains just cell bodies and dendrites (no myelin)

What is white matter? Myelinated nerve fibers (those with fatty white protein coverings)

Cerebral hemispheres account for 83% of brain mass.

Cerebral Cortex continuedContains three kinds of functional areas:1. _____ areas (control voluntary movement)2. _______ areas (conscious awareness of

sensations)3. ________ areas (areas that give meaning to

the information we receive, store it in memory if needed, tie it to previous knowledge, and decide what action to take)

Cerebral Hemisphere continued

• Each hemisphere is chiefly concerned with the sensory and motor functions of the ________ side of the body.

Over 80% of the brain is water.

Focus on Stroke• Check out (read) the “Homeostatic

Imbalance” section on pg 394 dealing with stroke.

Answer this question in your notes: If a lesion occurs in the left side of the

brain, what side of the body is effected?Signs of a Strokehttp://video.google.com/videoplay?docid=2519529702578721514&q=signs+of+stroke&total=119&start=0&num=10&so=0&type=search&plindex=0http://video.google.com/videoplay?docid=-6162476070425411737&q=signs+of+stroke&total=119&start=10&num=10&so=0&type=search&plindex=6

Can You Figure These Out?

Interesting Brain Teasers: http://edwardanil.wordpress.com/2007/07/26/interesting-brain-teasers/

•Women are twice as likely to be diagnosed with depression than men in the United States.