Ch. 12 Causes of the Civil War

8/9/2019 Ch. 12 Causes of the Civil War

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CAUSES OF THE CIVIL WAR

Chapter 12


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Core Lesson 1

Worlds Apart


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Slavery in the U.S.

The north and the

south were livingin 2 separate

worlds in manyways!


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Introduction Activity

Working in your groups, read section1 on page 416-419.

As you read, make a T-chart tocompare and contrast thedifferences between the North andSouth in the early 1800s.


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North South


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COTTON-the most valuable crop raised inthe South.

Things made from cotton


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Core Lesson 2

The Struggle for Freedom


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The Antislavery Movement

People in the United States disagreed onthe slavery issue.

Many thought it was necessary to haveslaves in order to grow cash crops.

Others believed it was wrong to enslavepeople.

Abolitionist- someone who joined themovement to abolish, or end, slavery.

Most abolitionists felt the ideas of slaverywent against Christianity. Many whites, free blacks, men and women

from both the North and South spoke outagainst slavery in the abolitionist

movement.


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Leading Abolitionists

William Lloyd Garrison-wrote anantislavery newspaper called TheLiberatordemanding all enslavedblacks be freed.

Frederick Douglas-well known blackabolitionist who often spoke to whiteaudiences about slavery.

Sojournor Truth-well known black

woman born into slavery who spoke infavor of abolition and womens rights. Sarah and Angelina Grimke- daughters

of slave owner who spoke out againstslavery. They moved north when theywere adults.


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Free Blacks

By 1860, about 500,000 free blackslived in the US.

They often faced discrimination-unfair

treatment of particular groups. State laws in the south kept them

from traveling without permissionand meeting in groups without awhite person present.

American Anti-Slavery Society wascreated in 1833, which demanded

the immediate end of slavery.


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Underground Railroad

A series of escape routes and hidingplaces to help bring enslaved peopleout of south.

Abolitionists worked in secret Runaways could head for the north, to

Canada, or go south to Florida,Mexico, or the Carribean.

Free blacks were the main ones whosupported the Underground Railroad.

Hiding places were called stations.

Conductors were those who guided

the slaves along the way.


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Harriet Tubman

Most famous conductor

Escaped through the UndergroundRailroad herself.

Helped about 300 slaves escape tofreedom.

She became a symbol of the

abolitionist movement.


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Core Lesson 3

Compromise and Conflict


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Slavery

When a territory had a large enoughpopulation, it would become astate.

When each piece of land became aterritory, Congress had to decidewhether or not to allow slavery in

that territory. Slave state-territories that allowed

slavery.

Free state-did not permit slavery.


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Missouri Compromise-accepted Missouri asa slave state and Maine as a free state.

Congress then drew an imaginary lineacross the rest of the territories and saidthat only states south of that line couldhave slavery.

Compromise of 1850-allowed some statesto make the decision for themselves,called popular sovereignty.

Kansas Nebraska Act-gave popularsovereignty to Kansas and Nebraska,which were both north of the line.

After a fight between both sides, Kansas

entered the Union as a free state.


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Fugitive Slave Law

Was part of the Compromise of 1850.

Ordered citizens to help catchfugitives, a person who is running

away, and return them to theirowners.

Many northerners did not obey thelaw.

Harriet Beecher Stowe was a writerwho was against the Fugitive SlaveLaw. She wrote a book about the

cruelties of slavery calledUncle

Toms Cabin, which hel ed to


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Dred Scott

Enslaved man from Missouri whoasked the court for his freedom.

Argued that he had once lived inIllinois and Wisconsin, both a freestate and free territory.

Supreme Court decided against him,

which was a victory for slaveowners.

The Dred Scott decision meant that

slavery had to be legal in allterritories.


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John Browns Raid

John Brown was an abolitionist whodecided to fight slavery on his own.

He led an attack against the U.S.Army post at Harpers Ferry,Virginia.

He was captured, put on trial for

treason, found guilty, and hanged.


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By this time, the northand south were deeply

divided over slavery!The southern states

began to feel like theyshould leave the Union.


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Ch. 12 Causes of the Civil War

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