1.CHAPTER 11 Enlightenment and Revolution in England and AmericaSection 1:Civil War and Revolution Section 2: Constitutional Monarchyin England Section 3: English Colonial Expansion Section 4: The Enlightenment Section 5: The American Revolution

2. SECTION 1revised 08/11/10 Civil War and Revolution Bell Ringer 11.1: What were some of the causes of the English Civil War?English Civil War 3. SECTION 1 Civil War and Revolution Parliament the first king to ask townspeople, knights, clergy, and nobles to advise him was Edward I (ruled 1272-1307).In 1295, these representatives met in the first Parliament to enact laws. 4. SECTION 1 Civil War and Revolution Early Parliament was divided into the House of Lords and the House of Commons. The Lords included nobles and church leaders, who inherited their seats. The Commons was made up of wealthymerchants, elected or appointed.Edward I felt that the new middleclasses would be more willing topay taxes if they helped makelaws. 5. SECTION 1 Civil War and Revolution Modern nation-states developed first in Europe between 1500 and 1800.New ideas about govt spread especially about how much power a king/monarch had over his subjects. 6. SECTION 1 Civil War and Revolution Once upon a time, there was an island And the island was known as England to the south and Scotland to the north. And just to the west was the land of Ireland. 7. SECTION 1 Civil War and RevolutionThe king of England Charles I truly believed in the Divine Right of Kings. This attitude kept him quite out of touch with his subjects. 8. SECTION 1 Civil War and RevolutionCharles had inherited the same financial problem that his father had:the refusal of Parliament to grant funds to a king who refused to address the grievances of the nobility.The king was not listening to the nobility and they were ticked off! 9. SECTION 1 Civil War and Revolution Three times summoned and three times dissolved through 1625-1629, Parliament went the next 11 years without being summoned, as Charles financed his reign by selling commercial monopolies and extracting ship money (a fee demanded from towns for building naval warships). 10. SECTION 1 Civil War and RevolutionCharles' marriage to theHenrietta Maria devoutly Catholic French princess infuriated the Puritan nobility, as her Catholic friends flooded into the royal court.You wouldnt think this was a big deal but remember Henry VIII ? England was now a Protestant country and couldnt stand the idea of Catholics having any influence in the govt. 11. SECTION 1 Civil War and RevolutionCharles attempted to force a new prayer book on the Scots who as Presbyterians did NOT appreciate it. Dont force the Scots to choose between King and Church .. 12. SECTION 1 Civil War and Revolution Charles now needs money to put downthe Scots Rebellion . He doesnt have a choice he has to call Parliament back. 13. SECTION 1 Civil War and RevolutionCharles still hasnt learned how to work with Parliament - The strugglebetween the king and Parliament leads to CIVIL WAR! Cover of a Parliamentarian tract on the raising of the King's Standard at Nottingham in 1642. 14. SECTION 1 Civil War and Revolution Now everyone has to choice sides Whose side would you take? The supporters of the King or those who supported Parliament? 15. SECTION 1 Civil War and Revolution Religious and economic issues added to the differences between the supporters of the monarchy and the supporters of Parliament. Cavaliers Roundheads Peasants Growing middle class Nobility with Anglican tradesmenroots Puritans Northern and western South and easternEngland farmlands counties moreand estates population &prosperous 16. Propaganda Civil War and RevolutionRoundheadPropagandaCondemning theCruelties of theCavaliers:Nehemiah RidesOut, 1644 17. SECTION 1 Civil War and Revolution The Roundheads, with deeper pockets and more population from which to draw, were destined to win the battle. 18. Art Civil War and Revolution And When Did You Last See Your Father? William Frederick Yeames (1835-1918) *The scene is set in a Royalist manor house during the Civil War. A young boy is being questioned by Roundheads as to the whereabouts of his father. His mother and sisters listen anxiously, fearful that he may inadvertently betray his father. 19. Political Cartoon Civil War and Revolution 20. SECTION 1 Civil War and Revolution Oliver Cromwell and his New Model Army soundly beat the Cavaliers in 1645 at Naseby . Scarcely a year later Charles surrendered to Scotland, which promptly turned the king over to Parliament for a nominal ransom. 21. Video Clip Civil War and Revolution In 1648, Charles was put on trial for treason; the tribunal, by a vote of 68 to 67, found the king guilty and ordered his execution in 1649. 22. SECTION 1 Civil War and Revolution 23. SECTION 1 Civil War and Revolution 24. SECTION 1 Civil War and RevolutionCromwell New Model ArmyRump Parliamentcommonwealth 25. SECTION 1 Civil War and Revolution 26. SECTION 1 Civil War and Revolution Why didnt the English overthrow Cromwellscommonwealth likethey did Charles I? 27. SECTION 1 Civil War and RevolutionEnd of the Commonwealth 28. TIMELINE Civil War and RevolutionKing Charles Charles II of EnglandCromwell Lorddismissed is beheaded.dies; his son Cromwell Parliament OPPS!Richard crushesbecause theysucceeds himthewouldnt give but resigns in Royalist him money!1659forces! 1629 16421644-45 164716491649 1658 1660 King Chuck Charles IIKing Chuckattempted to issurrendersarrestproclaimedin Scotlandmembers ofKing ofand theyParliament England!SELL him to RUTROW!OliverLet theEngland for Cromwell, Lord partay400 Protector of the begin! Commonwealth rules until 1658 29. SECTION 1 Civil War and RevolutionLet thepartybegin!Chuck IIreturns!! 30. Visual Source Civil War and Revolution 31. SECTION 1 Civil War and Revolution Get your notes!QUIZ TIME!You can use anything YOU wrote! 32. SECTION 1 Civil War and RevolutionDismiss Parliamentcivil warcommonwealthPetition of Right Choose from thiswritten constitutionterm bank.Charles IIRoundheadsmilitary dictatorLong ParliamentOliver Cromwell 33. SECTION 1 Civil War and Revolution Bell Ringer 11.1: What were some of the causes of the longstandingconflict between English Civil War?royalty andParliament Irish rebellion EnglishCivil Wargeneral population rejected radicalefforts of Long Puritans attemptedParliament to limit thechanges in the churchmonarchys power