AP Government and Politics U.S. / Midterm / Chapters 1-8 Wilson Text / Finkle

1. The theory of representative democracy holds that a. individuals acquire power through competition for the people’s voteb. it is unreasonable to expect people to choose among competing leadership groups

c. government officials should represent the true interests of their clientsd. the middle class has gained greater representation at the expense of the poor and minorities.

2. The type of democracy practiced in the U.S. is properly calleda. direct democracy b. parliamentary democracyc. representative democracy d. unitary democracy.e. confederation of democratic states

3. Which of the following is not considered a traditionally conservative notion? a. government should maintain strong control over the economyb. a strong national defense is important c. abortion should be extremely limited or forbidden d. there should be no limits on the right to bear armse. government should operate within its fiscal means

4. In Aristotle's view, democracy would consist ofa. effective representation of the interests of the whole populationb. political representation by all individuals in a society, regardless of age, race,

or genderc. participation by all or most citizens in either holding office or making policyd. an elite group of policy makers elected by the will of the people

5. The stated purpose of the Constitutional Convention of 1787 was toa. draw up a bill of rightsb. discuss trade relationsc. levy taxesd. find a solution to end Shay's rebellione. revise the Articles of Confederation

6. Which is true of the comparison of U.S. government and that of Great Britain?a. G.B. is a direct democracy and the U.S. is a representative democracy.b. The U.S. has parliamentary leadership and G.B. has presidential leadership.c. The U.S. is a democratic republic and G.B. is a democratic monarchy.d. The U.S. is a confederation while GB is a unitary government.e. The U.S. is a federation and G.B. is a confederation

7. When a country is divided into smaller geographic units, all of which are ruled absolutely by a central governing authority, a ___ exists.

a. unitary government b. confederationc. federal union d. republice. representative democracy

>>>>>>> MORE >>>>>8. Shays Rebellion was significant because it

a. allowed commercial interests to express their disenchantment with the status quob. symbolized the weakness of the central government under the Articlesc. was the first organized protest against slavery in the Southd. was a great victory for the agrarian interestse. expressed the discontent of the upper classes

9. Under a federal system of government, all the following are true EXCEPTa. local matters are largely handled on a local levelb. national matters are the responsibility of the federal governmentc. federal and state governments sometimes have powers that overlapd. in cases where powers are in conflict, the state government is supremee. in cases where powers are in conflict, the national government is supreme

10. Which of the following is among the differences between a parliamentary and a presidential system?

I. In a parliamentary system, there is little or no clear separation of powers, as in a presidential systemII. In a parliamentary system, the chief executive officer is not chosen by a nationwide vote as in a presidential systemIII. In a presidential system, the chief executive officer may call elections

for all members of the legislature at any time, unlike in a parliamentary system

a. I only b. II only c. III onlyd. I and II only e. I, II, and III

11. Proportional representation schemes tend toa. under represent majority partiesb. promote the development of multiparty systemsc. limit presidential powerd. promote two-party legislaturese. reduce coalition politics

12. Which of the following is true about the commerce compromises agreed upon at the Constitutional Convention?

A. Slave importation was to be prohibited for a twenty year period following ratification of the Constitution.

B. Three slaves were to be counted equal to five free persons for the purpose of determining representation in the House.

C. The federal legislature would have the power to pass laws regulating interstate Commerce.

D. The federal legislature would have sole power of negotiating treaties.E. For the purpose of determining representation in the House, a census would include Indians but not include slaves.

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13. All of the following were part of the commerce compromises adopted at the Constitutional Convention EXCEPT

A. the tax on the importation of slaves would be limitedB. the power to tax imports would lie with the statesC. a tax on exports would be prohibitedD. the importation of slaves could not be regulated by the federal legislature

until1808.E. trade with Indian tribes would be regulated by the federal legislature.

14. Which of the following rules applied to the passage of laws at the Constitutional Convention?

A. each state was allowed one vote toward passage of a lawB. a majority vote of the delegates in attendance was required for passage of any lawC. to be passed, all thirteen states had to vote in favor of the law.D. all laws passed had to conform to the provisions of the Articles of ConfederationE. all but (C) was required for passage of a law

15. A comparison of the Virginia and New Jersey plans would include all of the following EXCEPT

A. VA proposed a bicameral legislature while NJ proposed one that was unicameralB. Both VA and NJ supported the idea of a legislative vetoC. NJ proposed that each state be equally represented in the national legislature while

VA proposed that representation be based on a state's populationD. Both NJ and VA proposed an executive that would be chosen by the national legislatureE. Both NJ and VA supported an appointed judiciary

16. Under the Constitution as ratified, members of the Senate wereA. chosen by the state legislatorsB. appointed by the governorC. elected by the peopleD. selected by the House of RepresentativesE. chosen through the electoral college

17. The Great Compromise allocated representation on the basis ofA. population in both housesB. equality, in both housesC. population in the House and equality in the SenateD. equality in the House and population in the SenateE. None of the above

18. An order by a judge to police officials requiring them to produce an individual whom they are holding in custody:

A. writ of certiorari B. bill of attainder C. writ of habeas corpus D. court injunction E. stare decisis

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19. Which of the following statements best reflects the political philosophy established after the colonists achieved their independence?

I. The former colonists eliminated property criteria for political officeII. The former colonists recognized the need for a strong executiveIII. The former colonists believed that the states should become the dominant

political and social forceA. I only B. I and II onlyC. I, II, and III D. III onlyE. II and III only

20. The power of the people - popular majority rule - was limited by the U.S. Constitution in several ways, including

a. establishing a directly elected House of Representativesb. granting law-making powers to the judicial branch of governmentc. concentrating political power in a single, supreme legislatured. making the amending process relatively difficulte. removing all formal titles from the heads of government

21. Among the many compromises worked out at the Constitutional Convention of 1787 after the adoption of the Great Compromise was that of the

a. adoption of a five-year term of office for the presidentb. selection of the Supreme Court by the Senatec. popular election of members of the Senated. use of an electoral college for choosing a presidente. an elective monarchy

22. The New Jersey Plan was a reaction by some states primarily to the fear thatA. legislative veto power called for by the Virginia Plan would seriously

undermine individual states' rightsB. the weak central government devised by the Virginia Plan would grant too much

power to rural statesC. the strong central government devised by the Virginia Plan would grant too much

power to small statesD. The Virginia Plan gave too much power to populous statesE. Hamilton's suggestions about the Executive branch would be accepted by the

Convention.

23. Which of the following was an argument in favor of federalism prior to the ratification of the Constitution?

A. The corrupt state governments would lose power. B. Federalism had already worked in several other countries. C. States would hold the majority of governmental power. D. A unified group of states could better protect the people. E. Having several levels of government would be unwieldy.

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24. Which of the following statements of comparison is correct about the differences between Federalists and Anti-Federalists?

A. Neither group was willing to dissolve the union over the question of counting slaves for purposes of representation

B. The Federalists believed a Bill of Rights was essential whereas the Anti-Federalists did not

C. The Federalists believed officials should all be selected directly by the people whereas the Anti-Federalists did notD. The Federalists believed in national sovereignty whereas the Anti-Federalists believed in strong state governmentsE. The Federalists did not believe in the need for a presidential cabinet whereas the

Anti-Federalists did.

25. Supreme Court Justices were given tenure subject to good behavior by the framers of the Constitution in order to ensure that

A. justices are free from direct political pressuresB. justices remain accountable to the publicC. justices are encouraged to make politically popular decisionsD. cooperation between the judicial and legislative branches is assured

E. Presidents are encouraged to seek younger nominees for the Supreme Court

26. “ The migration or importation of such persons as any of the states now existing shall think proper to admit, shall not be prohibited by the Congress prior to the year one thousand eight hundred and eight...." This quote can be found in ____ , and refers to____.

A. The Northwest Ordinance; prohibition against slaveryB. Article IV of the Constitution; surrender of fugitive slavesC. The Declaration of Independence; settlement in the Northwest TerritoryD. Article 1, Section 9 of the Constitution; a temporary ban on Congress’ limitation

of the slave trade E. Article 1, Section 8; the authorization given to Congress to regulate international

and interstate trade

27. All of the following were weaknesses of the Articles of Confederation EXCEPT:A. nine of the thirteen states had to approve all lawsB. a national court system ruled on the constitutionality of lawsC. Congress worked in committees without a chief executiveD. all states were required to approve amendmentsE. Congress could raise money by borrowing or by asking states for money.

28. How have most of the Amendments been RATIFIED? A. by approval of 3/4 of the state legislatures B. through ratifying conventions of 3/4 of the states C. by a 2/3 vote of both houses D. by national conventions requested by 2/3 of the state legislatures E. by legislative action and presidential signature

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29. “When in the course of human events, it becomes necessary for one people to dissolve the political bands....” These words can be found in the ___, and were primarily written by ____.

A. Constitution of the United States; James MadisonB. Northwest Ordinance; Confederation CongressC. Articles of Confederation; John JayD. Federalist #51; James MadisonE. Declaration of Independence; Thomas Jefferson

30. The practice of judicial review was first established by which of the following actions? A. the Constitution gives life terms to Supreme Court judges B. the court case McCulloch v. Maryland C. the Judiciary Act of 1789 D. the court case Marbury v. MadisonE. it inclusion in Article III of the Constitution

31. All of the following represent examples of the use of checks and balances EXCEPTA. the 35 successful vetoes made by President BushB. The Senate rejection of the League of NationsC. the Supreme Court ruling the Flag Desecration Act unconstitutionalD. Congress passing the Crime Bill after changes were made to gain bipartisan support

E. The impeachment and trial of President Clinton

32. Although the President has the primary role in foreign affairs, Congress has all of the following responsibilities in this area EXCEPT

A. negotiating treatiesB. appropriating funds for national defenseC. approving U.S. ambassadorial appointments D. authorizing foreign aidE. establishing tariffs rates

33. The War Powers Resolution (1973) was designed toA. give the President additional powers in case of military emergenciesB. delineate a clear chain of command in the event of nuclear warC. criticize the President for declaring war without authorization from CongressD. enable the President to commit troops to United Nations peacekeeping forcesE. limit the President’s authority to commit troops overseas

34. In the Federalist #10, James Madison supported the concept of three strong branches of central government that check and balance one another because

A. the Bill of Rights kept government from being too oppressiveB. the legislative branch was too domineering under the Articles C. separation of powers insured that no one strong faction of interests would take over the central government

D. a unitary system of government would be effective in only a small simple societyE. public-spirited leaders insured that the balance would be maintained in spite of

attempts by power seekers to take control

35. Which of the following is true of nominees for federal judgeships?A. They are recruited from the current pool of U.S. attorneysB. They are nominated by the Senate and approved by the House of Representatives

C. They are elected in popular elections in individual statesD. They must receive approval of the American Bar Association upon nomination

E. They are appointed for life by the President with the advice and consent of the Senate

36. Federal grants over which local officials have wide discretion are calleda. categorical grants b. land grantsc. matching grants d. revenue-sharing fundse. categorical choice programs

37. An example of an intergovernmental lobby would be a lobby comprisinga. The National League of Citiesb. The ACLU

c. The NRAd. The AFL-CIOe. society of card play

38. In the eyes of most Americans today, the power of the federal government, compared with that of state governments, seems

a. weak or unimportant.b. equally shared.c . vastly powerful. d. weak on foreign matters, strong on domestic matters.e. strong on foreign matters, weak on domestic matters.

39. This is a procedure that enables voters to reject a measure adopted by the legislature.a. initiative b. referendumc. recall d. logrollinge. rollback

40. States cannot declare acts of Congress unconstitutional. In other words, states do not have the power of

a. nullification b. local mandatec. dual federalism d. reciprocitye. recall

41. The Founders did not include in the U.S. Constitution an explicit statement of state powers but added it later in the

A. Second Amendment B. Seventh AmendmentC. Tenth Amendment D. Fourteenth Amendment

E. None of the Above

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42. Under a unitary system, the national government would have the right to alter or eliminateA. electionsB. the judiciaryC. lower levels of governmentD. the constitutionE. constitutional amendments

43. A concurrent power isA. shared by the president and CongressB. shared by the governors and the presidentC. shared by the House and the SenateD. shared by the states and the federal government E. shared by municipalities and the states

44. Which type of federalism is characterized by a pattern of competitive grants?A. dual federalism C. fiscal federalism B. elective federalism D. creative federalism E. layer cake federalism

45. All the following are characteristics of marble cake federalism except: A. there are mingled responsibilities and blurred distinctions between the levels of government. B. the federal government becomes more intrusive in state affairs. C. there is a greater sharing of responsibilities between the federal and state levels. D. the national government exercises its power independently from state governments. E. there is a greater cooperation between the federal and state governments.

46. The key Supreme Court case that established national supremacy by refusing to allow states to tax the federal government was

A. Marbury v. Madison C. Gibbons v. Ogden B. Roe v. Wade D. Brown v. Topeka Bd. of EducationE. McCulloch v. Maryland

47. In contrast to revenue sharing, categorical grants-in-aid provide state and local governments with

A. substantial discretion in deciding how to use the grants to solve their problems

B. aid that reflects tax base and populationC. the power to impose regressive taxesD. funds sufficient to support a high level of local serviceE. funds to administer programs clearly specified by the federal government

48. Federal income taxes were returned to the states under a plan known asA. grants-in-aid B. revenue sharingC. categorical grants D. block grantsE. mandates

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49. All of the following are federal delegated powers underArticle 1, Section 8 of the Constitution EXCEPT

A. regulating naturalizationB. establishing supremacy of federal lawsC. coining money and the control of counterfeitingD. declaring warE. granting letters of marque and reprisal

50. The terms “fiscal federalism” and “cooperative federalism” refer to situations in which A. the federal government completely dominates state governments B. states are forbidden any activity that has not been specifically approved by the Supreme Court C. the federal judiciary uses its powers of judicial review to ensure congressional dominance over state legislatures D. state, municipal, and local income taxes are pooled by special agreement and redistributed in accordance with individual need E. federal, state, and local governments work together to complete a project, with

the federal government providing much of the needed funding

51. The Supreme Court decision, U.S. v. Lopez established thatA. child labor control was a sole power of the states.B. states could not tax the U.S. bank.C. only the federal government could license ships.D. establishing gun free school zones was a reserved state power. E. the Supreme court had the sole power of judicial review.

52. In the disagreement over exact division of powers in a federal system, which of the following founders was most supportive of states rights?

A. Alexander Hamilton C. Benjamin Franklin B. George Washington D. John Adams

E. Thomas Jefferson

53. The fiscal policy of raising taxes generally effects the economy byA. raising the value of the dollar to curb inflation. B. lowering the value of the dollar to stimulate sales.C. increases the money in the economy which encourages savings.D. lowers the amount of money in circulation to stimulate the sale of American exportsE. stimulating spending to end unemployment.

54. An alternative developed by the federal government that places the primary fiscal

responsibility on the states was A. revenue sharing C. project grants B. formula grants D. unfunded mandates

E. block grants

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55. Which of the following best illustrates a use of the elastic clause? A. The Supreme Court allows a lower court ruling to stand by refusing to hear an appeal. B. a congressional committee prevents the full chamber from voting on legislation by delaying its report. C. Congress passes legislation establishing a national speed limit. D. a member of the House introduces a bill to increase federal income tax rates.

E. a governor issues an executive order requiring all state employees to submit to drug testing.

56. Which of the following provisions of the Republican Contract with America addresses the issue of federalism?

I. term limits constitutional amendment II reduction in unfunded mandates III. continuation of block grants

A. I, only C. II and III, only B. II, only D. I and II, only E. III only

57. One of the best ways that the federal Department of Education has to influence national education policy is

A. establishing new schools where they are needed B. setting conditions for the distribution of financial aid C. hiring and firing teachers D. dictating standards to be used in certifying teachers E. closing schools that do not meet basic federal standards

58. Bankruptcy cases are unique in thata. both individuals and businesses can file for bankruptcyb. the court of original jurisdiction is U.S. District Courtc. although both the state and the federal government have the power to

regulate bankruptcies, almost all bankruptcy cases are heard in federal courtd. bankruptcy cases are criminal cases held in federal courte. the Constitution gives Congress the power to establish a uniform code of laws

regulating bankruptcy

59. Which of the following is NOT a core value of U.S. political culture?a. legal equality b. political equalityc. economic equality d. freedom of religion

e. freedom of speech

60. The elite theory of politics posits which of the following?a. The need for coalition buildingb. Compromisec. Republicanismd. A strata of wealthy peoplee. Civil disobedience

>>>>>>> MORE >>>>>>61. Public opinion is

I. the sum total of the opinion of everyone in the nation II. made up of many different publics III. related to a specific issue

a. I only b. II only c. III onlyd. I and II e. II and III

62. The bandwagon effect refers toa. how public opinion polls are conductedb. the way polls may affect people's views of candidatesc. the way polls may influence people to support a particular candidate because

they see others supporting the candidated. the sampling error in a public opinion polle. a propaganda technique

63. According to polls, which of the groups below are Americans most willing to help?a. people on welfareb. feminist groups seeking preferential hiring programsc. the elderlyd. recent immigrantse. civil rights groups seeking preferential hiring programs

64. Which religious group or leader advocated constitutional amendments that would require prayer in public schools and ban abortion?

a. Great Awakening b. Moral Majorityc. Prohibitionists d. Martin Luther King, Jr.e. Rev. Jesse Jackson

65. Which statement is INCORRECT?a. The Federalists were led by Hamilton and Adamsb. The Democratic-Republicans were led by Jefferson and Madisonc. The Federalists passed laws to suppress journalists favorable to Jeffersond. The Federalists and the Democratic-Republicans deeply distrusted each other.e. None of the above

66. The most important source of political values in the U.S. is probablya. the mass media b. the familyc. religion d. the public school

e. local newspapers

67. The process through which a person acquires his or her political orientation is known asa. social intelligence b. political intelligencec. political socialization d. political ideologye. social IQ

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68. If people have a sense of political efficacy, then they believe theya. trust the government to do what is rightb. would rather live here than elsewherec. are capable of joining interest groupsd. feel alienated from public policye. have a say in what government does

69. The Nineteenth Amendment extends the right to vote to which of the following groups?A. Women

B. People between the ages of 18 and 21C. Military personnel serving overseasD. Naturalized citizensE. African Americans

70. By federal law, those areas in which less than 50% of the population has voted in presidential elections

a. can have federal elections cancelledb. lose a seat in the House of Representativesc. are placed on probation until the turnout passes 60%d. cannot be treated differently from any other area of the countrye. can be subject to federal voter registrars and poll watchers

71. Suffrage was extended in the Twenty-sixth Amendment toa. those aged 18 to twentyb. blacksc. womend. residents of the District of Columbiae. felons who have received presidential pardons

72. Which of the following statements about the right to vote in the U.S. is correct?a. Not every U.S. citizen of voting age is allowed to vote.b. The original U.S. Constitution ensured women the right to vote.c. The original U.S. Constitution specifically prohibited setting property restrictions on

the right to vote.d. The original U.S. Constitution provided for voting rights in Washington D.C.e. The states originally had little to say as to who could and could not vote.

73. The Motor-Voter Act makes it easier than ever to vote. All of the following provisions accomplish the goals of the act EXCEPT

a. it provides for automatic registration of eligible citizens when they fill out an application for a driver's license

b. it allows for mail-in voter registrationc. it provides access to voter registration in state office buildingsd. it purges people from voter rolls when they fail to vote in the previous electione. it provides for automatic registration for eligible voters as a result of driver's license

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74. Which of the following statements is true about the effect of ethnic groups on voter choice?a. Cubans tend to vote Democraticb. Wealthy business owners tend to vote Democraticc. Jews and Catholics tend to vote Democraticd. The religious right tends to vote Democratice. Born- again Christians tend to vote Democratic

75. Which class of people have the highest political efficacy?a. middle class b. lower classc. upper class d. lower-middle classe. Political efficacy has no relation to class.

76. Political participation encompasses all of the following EXCEPTA. voting B. paying your taxesC. writing to your congressional representativeD. signing a petitionE. discussing politics

77. A member of which of the following demographic groups is most likely to support a Republican presidential candidate?

A. white male B. white female C. African American, male or female D. youths below the age of 25 regardless of gender E. individuals earning below poverty-level wages, male or female

78. Which of the following functions do political parties perform?I. running campaignsII. giving information to votersIII. articulating positionsIV. choosing candidates

a. I only b. I and II onlyc. I, II, and III only d. II and III onlye. I, II, III, and IV

79. Which of the following philosophies is held by a majority of the electorate?a. a middle-of-the-road philosophyb. extremely liberal philosophy

c. extremely conservative philosophyd. radical philosophye. reactionary philosophy

80. Which of the following means that people are gradually moving away from both parties?a. dealignment b. realignmentc. gerrymandering d. reevaluatione. criticism

>>>>>> MORE >>>>>81. Which of the following time periods reflects a change from the dominance of the Republicans as the nation's majority party?

a. the Great Depression b. the Roaring Twentiesc. WWI d. WWIIe. the cold war

82. Party realignment occurs whena. a majority of the voters register as independentsb. there is a shift in voter support from one party to anotherc. there is a change in which party controls one or both houses of Congressd. the president is from one party and Congress is in the hands of the othere. a third party determines the outcome of the election

83. Lower voter turnout in the U.S. can be explained by all of the following EXCEPTa. lopsided elections rather than close contestsb. an aging electoratec. difficulty in registeringd. difficulty in votinge. frequency of voting

84. Conservatives would most likely support which of the following Supreme Court decisions?a. Upholding of the Miranda rule which advises the accused of rights to remain silent and to have legal counselb. Ban on prayer in school led by students at football gamesc. Striking down a law banning partial birth abortionsd. Decision to hear an appeal from a death row inmatee. Upholding a law that allowed federal money to be used to purchase computers for

students in parochial, church-run schools.

85. The national party convention meets every ____ years to nominate ____ candidate(s).a. two; a presidentialb. two ; House of Representativesc. two; House and Senated. six; Senatee. four; a presidential

86. Which of the following statements is true about the nature of modern party organization?a. Local politics generates a grassroots support by party regulars.

b. The control of party machinery is greatest at the national level. c. The party’s national committee has the major fund-raising responsibility for local candidates. d. They are run by party bosses in a democratic manner. e. The party’s chairman is selected by its congressional membership.

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87. The most obvious result of ticket splitting isa. reform of political institutionsb. efficiency in governmentc. machine style politicsd. party realignmente. divided government

88. Which of the following best describes the fate of most popular third-party movements?a. They displace one of the two major parties and they become major parties. b. They are ultimately abandoned by the public because their politics are perceived as too radical. c. Their supporters become frustrated and withdraw from the political process. d. They remain active participants in the American political system indefinitely. e. They disintegrate when one or both of the major parties adopt the third party's

goals.

89. To win in a plurality system such as that in the U.S., a candidate musta. have the support of the presidentb. win a runoff electionc. secure a majority of the votesd. secure more votes than the combined votes for the other candidates e. gather more votes than any of the other candidates

90. Primary elections generally have had which of the following effects on political parties?a. Primaries have strengthened the average American’s identification with his/her political party. b. Primaries have made the work of political parties more complicated, but they have enhanced their power. c. Primaries have weakened political parties because they have given citizens more power to choose the candidates. d. Primaries have increased the competition between Democrats and Republicans. e. Primaries have sharply increased the number of third party candidates who have\

won elections.

91. Which of the following is an accurate statement about political parties in the United States?a. the percentage of voters identifying themselves as either Democrats or

Republicans has been declining since the 1970s

b. parties increasingly identify themselves with coherent ideologies to attract large

blocs of voters c. national party organizations are generally the strongest party organizations d. it is increasingly difficult for third parties to gain more than two percent of the popular vote e. most candidates prefer to run as independents rather than as Democrats or

Republicans

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92. If presidential candidates accept federal support in the form of matching campaign financing, then they

a. are no longer required to disclose their contributionsb. agree to limit their campaign expenditures to an amount prescribed by

federal lawc. no longer have any limit to their campaign expendituresd. are no longer required to disclose how they spend their moneye. no longer can accept PAC money

93. Which of the following is a part of the 2002 campaign finance reform ?a. increasing the amount of money a candidate can accept from PACsb. lowering the amount of PAC contributions a candidate can acceptc. decreasing government subsidies to congressional campaignsd. allowing more lobby gifts to candidatese. decreasing the amount of money individuals may give to candidates

94. Which of the following is the concern most often raised about an open primary?a. An open primary costs more to run than a closed primary.b. Cross-party voting allows one party to influence the nominee of the other partyc. The most ideologically committed party members only vote in open primaries.d. An open primary requires a winner-takes-all systeme. An open primary benefits third party candidates.

95. "Soft money" in an election campaign isa. money provided through the Federal Election Commission to presidential candidatesb. money raised by state and local party organizations for activities relating to building

the party but not to electing a particular candidatec. contributions by Political Action Committeesd. contributions by corporations and labor unionse. individual contributions to any one candidate up to a limit of $2000 for a federal

primary and for a federal general election

96. The increase in voter support that a member of the House receives in his / her first bid for reelection is referred to as the

a. no-brainer march b. post-office bouncec. second time round up d. sophomore surgee. incumbency whirl

97. A ___ issue is one in which the rival candidates have opposing views on a question that also divides the voters.

a. valence b. primaryc. secondary d. residuale. position

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98. Prospective voting involvesa. taking a chance on a new candidateb. picking the incumbent over the challengerc. picking the challenger over the incumbentd. voting according to future expectations

99. The most important advantage for an individual seeking a seat in the House of Representatives is

a. incumbency b. an active campaign with many media adsc. family money d. support by state party leadershipe. being a lawyer

100. In which of the following types of primaries does a voter mark a ballot that includes only the candidates for nomination of the party to which the voter is registered?

a. closed b. open c. runoffd. presidential e. blanket