CGC1D April 3, 2014 Demographics. How Many People? Link: World Population Clock Population Video…
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Transcript of CGC1D April 3, 2014 Demographics. How Many People? Link: World Population Clock Population Video…
CGC1DApril 3, 2014
Demographics
How Many People?
Link: World Population Clock
PopulationVideo…
The Study of Populations
• Demographics is the study of populations.
It helps answer questions such as– Why are more schools closing than opening?– Why will you likely have to work more years than your
parents before retiring?– Why are old rock-and-roll groups, such as the Rolling
Stones, still so popular?
Demographers use rates…(*stats from 2003)
Births per day in Canada: 906
Births per day in Russia: 3 836
Which country is growing fastest due to births?
Population: 32 million
Population: 143 million
In order to compare the births in each country, we use the Birth Rate:
Birth Rate = # of births per year x 1000Total Population
Canada: 330 690 x 1000 Russia: 1 400 140 x 100032 000 000 143 000 000
= 10 births/ 1000 people = 10 births / 1000 people
How do Populations Change?
4 ways…
Naturally: 1) Births and 2)Deaths
Migration: 3) Immigration and 4)Emigration
How do populations change?Natural Change (Births and Deaths)Birth Rate (# of births per year / population) x 1000Death Rate (# of deaths per year / population) x 1000
Balance between Births and Deaths is “Natural Increase Rate”
Natural Increase Rate = Birth Rate – Death Rate
MIGRATION (Immigration and Emigration)Immigration Rate (# of immigrants per year/population) x 1000Emigration Rate (# of emigrants per year/population) x 1000
Balance between Immigration and Emigration is “Migration Rate”
Migration Rate = Immigration Rate – Emigration Rate
Population Growth Rate
The overall growth of a population can be determined by adding the natural increase rate and the net migration rate.
e.g. Canadian Example
3/1000 + 5/1000 = 8/1000
(0.8%)
The Study of Populations
• The best way to compare populations of different countries is through population pyramids.
• It is a “paired horizontal bar graph” with females on the right…
The Study of Populations
…and males on the left.
• Both sides show the percentages of people in each age group.
The Study of Populations
• Putting the two sides together can allow you to easily compare a country’s population for different years (or to compare different countries).
The Study of Populations
• The dependency load is the part of the population that needs to be supported. It is made up of two components: the 0–14 age group and the 65+ age group.
The Study of Populations
• What has happened to the dependency load between 1956 and 2004?
• What is the significance of this change?
The Study of Populations
• A specific pattern of population growth has occurred in many developed nations during the past 60 years.
• What does a “typical” person look like?
1945 1965 1985 2005 2025
Birt
hs Baby Boom
Generation X
Baby Echo
Generation Y
Population DensityPopulation Density is a measure of the number of members of a population in a given area. It is usually measured in km2.
PD = # of people/areae.g.
Country/Landmass Density (people/km2)
World 41
Sioux Lookout 13.3
Canada 3.4
Toronto 3 972
Population Density
Population Density
Interactive world map
Population Density: 6 480 people/ sq. km.
(Sioux Lookout: 13.3 people/ sq. km!)
Canadian average: 4 people/ sq. km.
HONG KONG
?
What accounts for the change around 1800?
Historical Trends of Populations
Historical Trends of Populations
• Canadian Immigration Patterns
Historical Trends of Populations
• Immigration to Canada has had periods of boom and bust. These were caused by events that occurred both in Canada and in other countries.
When? What Happened? Why?
1840sArrival of thousands of Irish
settlers
Irish potato crop fails; facing starvation, many Irish move
to Canada and other countries
1905-1914
Massive immigration from Eastern Europe to the
Canadian West
Canadian Government wanted to settle the Prairies;
offered free land and other incentives to immigrants
Historical Trends of Populations
When? What Happened? Why?
1915-1919
Little immigrationWorld War I and worldwide
influenza epidemic
1930 – 1945
Little immigrationWorldwide economic
depression and World War II
1947-1960
Many Italians come to Canada
World War II devastated Italy; Italians searched for economic opportunities in
Canada
Historical Trends of Populations
When? What Happened? Why?
1956Many Hungarians come to
Canada
Hungarian revolt against the Russians failed; refugees
fled to Canada to avoid punishment
1980 – 1997
Arrival of thousands of Hong Kong Chinese
Residents of Hong Kong sought political stability
before China took control of Hong Kong in 1997
1980 - 2003
Many people from Afghanistan come to
Canada
Immigrants seek a safe haven from conflicts that
engulfed their country
Historical Trends of Populations
• The percentage, by location, of the population that is made up of immigrants.
YT NT
Historical Trends of Populations
• What factors cause people to leave the country in which they live and move to another country? (PUSH FACTORS)
Historical Trends of Populations
• What factors attract people to move to another country, such as Canada?(PULL FACTORS)