Ton Wildenborg

CO2GeoNet President

TNO – The Netherlands

Latest developments, opportunities and challenges

for CO2 storage

Our Common Future under Climate Change Parallel Session 3307

The CO2GeoNet Association

An independent European scientific voice on CO2 geological storage

CFCC Parallel Session 3307, 9 July 2015 – Paris

www.co2geonet.com

info@co2geonet.com

My presentation

CCS rationale and storage concept

Demonstration of CCS

Containment and regulation

Storage potential

Costs

Societal involvement

Wrap-up

CFCC Parallel Session 3307, 9 July 2015 – Paris

Climate mitigation

CFCC Parallel Session 3307, 9 July 2015 – Paris

Source: IEA – Energy Technology Perspectives 2015

Deep cuts in emissions cannot be realized without CCS as shown by most scenarios in the 5th IPCC Assessment.

CO2 storage - principal part of the CCS chain

Main geological storage options:

Deep saline aquifers

Depleted oil and gas fields

Storage while use of CO2 in enhancing oil or gas production

Storage technology is available, mainly coming from oil and gas exploitation activities

CFCC Parallel Session 3307, 9 July 2015 – Paris

(Courtesy: BRGM) (Courtesy BRGM)

6

CCS is really happening: 55 large-scale projects worldwide

Source: GCCSI, 2014

CFCC Parallel Session 3307, 9 July 2015 – Paris

CO2 storage can be done in a safe and environmentally sound manner

Proper site characterisation

Thorough risk management

Verification of performance

Extensive modelling studies and monitoring of CO2 storage sites show that storage is safe.

CFCC Parallel Session 3307, 9 July 2015 – Paris

Reservoir pressure at Ketzin pilot

site (courtesy GFZ)

Time slices above storage reservoir

at Sleipner (courtesy BGS)

EU Regulation for assurance of safe storage

Rules for site characterisation, permitting, risk management and transfer of responsibility

4 Guidance Documents for implementing the Directive

Review of Storage Directive (2014) concluded that the current Directive is fit-for-purpose

CFCC Parallel Session 3307, 9 July 2015 – Paris

Ample CO2 storage potential available in EU

Estimated 117 Gt storage

96 Gt in deep saline aquifers

20 Gt in oil and gas fields

About 8 Gt to be stored by 2050 (EU Energy Roadmap ‘50)

Assurance of dynamic capacities needed

CFCC Parallel Session 3307, 9 July 2015 – Paris

Costs of CCS are within range of other mitigation options.

450 ppm Scenarios without CCS would lead to an increase of the mitigation costs with more than 100% (5th IPCC Assessment).

CFCC Parallel Session 3307, 9 July 2015 – Paris

Source: GCCSI, 2011

Societal context

Mixed success in societal acceptance of CCS

Storage projects in Ketzin (Germany) and Hontomin (Spain) were well received by the local population.

Social researchers recommend:

Have the public participate in the project development at an early stage

Provide balanced unbiased information on CO2 storage and its objectives

CFCC Parallel Session 3307, 9 July 2015 – Paris

CCS is ready to be scaled up.

CCS

Required for deep emission cuts

Is really happening

Costs are within range of other measures

CO2 storage

Technologically feasible

Safe

Legal

Ample potential

Societal involvement requires particular attention

CFCC Parallel Session 3307, 9 July 2015 – Paris

Next steps for geological CO2 storage

Make CO2 storage more marketable and acceptable:

Lower the costs of storage technology

Increase storage efficiency

Assure storage capacity

Develop storage pilots and demos in various settings

Timely involve the public

Integrate with bio-based technologies

CFCC Parallel Session 3307, 9 July 2015 – Paris

END of PRESENTATION

(Source: GCCSI, 2014)

CFCC Parallel Session 3307, 9 July 2015 – Paris

Learning by doing: large-scale demos

CO2GeoNet Ambitions

Provide and disseminate integrated scientific research results

Be the preferred source of impartial scientific and technical information

Contribute to the identification of knowledge gaps

Foster interaction and exchange between researchers and CCS stakeholders

CFCC Parallel Session 3307, 9 July 2015 – Paris

Key publications

State-of-Play on CO2 geological storage in 28 European countries (June 2013)

State‐of‐the‐Art of Monitoring Methods to evaluate CO2

Storage Site Performance (April 2013)

State‐of‐the‐Art Review of CO2 Storage Site Selection

and Characterisation Methods for granting the CO2 storage site permit (September 2013)

State-of-the-Art review of Directives and Regulatory Regimes related to Operational and Safety Risks (February 2014)

Opportunities for CO2 storage pilots in Europe in collaboration with ZEP (October 2013)

IEAGHG report “Methodologies and technologies for mitigation of undesired CO2 migration in the subsurface”

CO2GeoNet newsletter

CO2GeoNet ebook

CFCC Parallel Session 3307, 9 July 2015 – Paris