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CERAMICS IN

ORTHOPAEDICSModerators 

Prof.P.Umananda Mallya

Dr.Ronald M

Presented By

■ Dr.Binoy.P.S

16/12/2008

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  DEFINITION

Ceramics are stable, solid materialscomposed of compounds of metals withnonmetals, especially oxygen.

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  USES

■ As weight bearing surface inarthroplasty.

■ For manufacturing dental implants e.g;crowns

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 WHY CERAMICS ARE

USED ?■ Implants have a surface nish smoother than metal

implants.

■ he hydrophilic nature of ceramics or its ability to

absorb moisture promotes lubrication.

■ Harder than metal

■ More resistant to scratching from third

body wear particles

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  TYPES1) UNREACTIVE OR NEARLY INERT e.g.,Alumina ! Al"#$ %, &irconium oxide, Carbon.

 

2) ABSORBABLE e.g., ricalcium phosphate

3) BIOACTIVE OR SURAFCE ACTIVE e.g.,Calcium hydroxyl apatite

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  ALUMINA■ 'ost commonly used

■ (igh alumina ceramics !)*+%

■ (igh purity alumina ceramics !))+%

■ BIOLOX forte (99.7%)

■ o clear advantage for alumina ceramics in

-nee,

humeral head and metacarpo phalangeal ointprosthesis

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  PROPERTIES/ hermo dynamically stable phase

at room temperature 0 α phase

/ (ard

/ (igh wettability.

/ 1ery high thermal conductivity

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  ADVANTAGES■  he hardest, strongest, and most wear resistantceramic.

■ Inexpensive and readily fabricable.

■ o recogni2able biochemical e3ect.

■ he most bio compatible material -nown.

 

■#ncogenic potential e4ual to or less than other implant  material.

■ hermal conductivity of alumina is high, therefore

  transmission of heat is easy.

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  ZIRCONIA/ he crystal structure 5 monoclinic,

  tetragonal or cubic. !Trip!"i# $!%&r'%

/ Phase transformation mechanism.

/ 6nder hydro thermally challenging conditions, as those

found in vivo, micro and macro crac- formation can start

due to a spontaneous phase transformation from thetetragonal to monoclinic. his process can expand and

wea-en the ceramic.

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DISADVANTAGES/ 7ong term stability of 2irconia is less compared

toalumina.

/ 1ery little has been published concerning2irconia ball

heads .

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  CARBON

/ Commercial development of orthopaedic

implants from

  carbon ber reinforced polyether0ether-etoneis

underway.

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CALCIUM PHOSPHATE

CERAMICS/ Includes ricalcium phosphate !C8% and calciumhydroxyl

  apatite !(A8%.

/ A(!$%!*'

Ability to act as osteoconductive agent

/ Di"!(!$%!*'"

  6ncertainities about biostability andstrength.

  8oor fatigue resistance

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Thank You