CERAMIC AND CHEMICAL PROPERTIES OF SELECTED NORTH …

CERAMIC AND CHEMICAL PROPERTIES OF SELECTED NORTH-CENTRAL AND

NORTHEASTERN MISSOURI CLAYS

by

ARDEL W. RUEFF

1988

OPEN FILE REPORT SERIES

OFR-88-67-MR

Missouri Department of Natural Resources

Geological Survey and Resource Assessment Division P .0. Box 250, Rolla, MO 65402-0250

PHONE (573) 368-2125 FAX (573) 368-2481 E-MAIL [email protected]

I megrity and ex celleru:e in all ue do

Ceramic and Chemical Properties of Selected North-Central and

Northeastern Missouri Clays and Shales

MISSOURI DEPARTMENT OF NATURAL RESOURCES DIVISION OF GEOLOGY AND LAND SURVEY

A.W. Rueff

James H. Williams, Director and State Geologist, P.O. Box 250, Rolla, ·ssouri 6

CERAMIC AND CHEMICAL PROPERTIES OF SELECTED NOR1H- CENTRAL AND NOR1HEAS1ERN MISSOURI CLAYS AND SHALES

A. W. Rueff

ABSTRACT

Ceramic and chemical analyses of 34 clay and shale samples are presented

in this report. Twenty-seven are suitable, one is marginally suitable and

six are unsuitable for the manufacturing of structural clay products. Six

samples are suitable, five are marginally suitable, and 23 are unsuitable

for manufacturing lightweight aggregate.

INTRODUCfION

PURPOSE AND SCOPE

This paper reports the testing of 34 samples from nine counties . Figure 1

shows sample collection sites; table lists geologic units, thicknesses,

and sampJe collection sites; and table 2 indicates geologic units sampled

and their suitability for various uses. Miniature bricks and expanded

aggregate particles made as part of the clay and shale testing procedure

are available for inspection at the offices of the Division of Geology and

Land Survey in Rolla.

TI1is report, the sixth and final in a series presenting ceramic and

chemical data on the structural clay and shale resources of Missouri,

completes a cooperative program by the Missouri Department of Natural

Resources, Division of Geology and Land Survey, and the U.S . Bureau of

Mines to evaluate Missouri structural clay and shale resources. This

cooperative effort resulted in evaluating 226 samples from 43 Missouri

counties. Of these, 168 are suitable for manufacturing structural clay

products and 39 are suitable for manufacturing lightweight aggregate .

Other reports in the series are listed in the selected bibliography.

ACKNOWLEOOMENTS

The Economic Geology Section of the Division of Geology and Land Survey

did field work and sampling. The Mineral Resources Institute of the

University of Alabama, Tuscaloosa, did ceramic testing. The cooperation

of Bruce Tippin of the University of Alabama, and Kenneth J. Liles and Jim

Boyles of the U.S. Bureau of Mines is acknowledged and appreciated. Greg

Lovell of the Division of Geology and Land Survey made chemical analyses

using x-ray fluorescence techniques.

SAMPLING AND TESTING PROCEDURE

All 34 samples tested were from outcrops. Field (outcrop) sampling was by

channel sampling; a continuous section of material was collected for each

interval. To convert bulk density in gms/cc to the more familiar English

units, lbs/ft3, multiply each metric quantity by 62.4.

2

SELECIED BIBLIOGRAPHY

Davis, W.E., Herold, P.G., and McManamy, L., 1941, Further investigations of southeastern Missouri clays, in Buehler, H.A., Biennial Report of the State Geologist to the 61st General Assembly, Appendix 1, 48 p.

Farrar, W., and McManamy, L., 1937, The geology of Stoddard County, in Buehler, H.A., Biennial Report of the State Geologist to the 59th General Assembly, Appendix VI, 92 p.

Farrar, W., Grenfall, D.S., and Allen, V.T., 1935, The geology and bleaching clays of southeast Missouri, in Buehler, H.A., Biennial Report of the State Geologist to the 58th General Assembly, Appendix 1, 78 p.

Herold, P.G., Kurtz, P., Jr., Planje, T.J., and Plunkett, J.D., 1958, Study of Missouri shales for lightweight aggregate: Missouri Geological Survey, Report of Investigations 23, 39 p.

Kurtz, P., Jr., 1953, The bloating of Missouri's shales: unpublished Master's thesis, University of Missouri, School of Mines and Metallurgy, Rolla, Missouri, 112 p.

Lambelet, C.A., 1946, Ceramic properties of the clays of t he Polo gas field: unpublished Master's thesis, University of Missouri, School of Mines and Metallurgy, Roll a , Mi ssouri, 89 p.

Larson, L.N., 1947, Ceramic properties of some Missouri clays and shales: unpublished Master's thesis, University of Missouri, School of Mines and Metallurgy, Rolla, Missouri, 115 p.

McQueen, H.S., 1943, Geology of the fire clay districts of east- central Missouri: Missouri Geological Survey and Water Resources, v. 28, 2nd Series, 250 p.

Plunkett, J.D., 1954, Testing of Missouri shales for lightweight aggregate production: unpublished Master's thesis, University of Missouri, School of Mines and Metallurgy, Rolla, Missouri, 127 p.

Rueff, A.W., 1979, Ceramic and chemical properties of some northwestern Missouri Pennsylvanian shales: Missouri Department of Natural Resources, Division of Geology and Land Survey, OFR-79-1-MR, 36 p.

~~~~~• 1982, Ceramic and chemical properties of some southwestern and central Missouri shales: Missouri Department of Natural Resources, Division of Geology and Land Survey, OFR- 82-11-MR, 78 p.

~~~~~-• 1983, Ceramic and chemical properties of some Missouri shales: Missouri Department of Natural Resources, Division of Geology and Land Survey, OFR- 83-20-MR, 61 p.

~~~~~-' 1986, Ceramic and chemical properties of selected Missouri clays and shales: Missouri Department of Natural Resources, Division of Geology and Land Survey, OFR-86-54-MR, 44 p.

3

SELECTED BIBLIOGRAPHY ... continued

~~~~~-• 1988, Ceramic and chemical properties of selected southeastern clays: Missouri Department of Natural Resources, Division of Geology and Land Survey, OFR-88-66-MR, 26 p.

Searight, W.V., Kisvarsanyi, E.B., Bush, A.L., and Patterson, S.H., 1967, Clay and shale, in Mineral and water resources of Missouri: Missouri Division of Geological Survey and Water Resources, v. 43, 2nd Series, p. 106-124.

Tennissen, A.C., 1967, Clay mineralogy and ceramic propert i es of lower Cabaniss underclays in western Missouri: Missouri Geological Survey and Water Resources, Report of Investigations 36, 54 p.

Wheeler, H.A., 1896, Clay deposits: Missouri Geological Survey, v. 11, 1st Series, 622 p.

4

DAVIESS

198-200.

F-igufe_ ·1 Sam ple --Locat ions

'---

226

• MONROE

GRUNDY

• 195-197

LIVINGSTON .201 -209

MARION

223 •222 2241 e221

e 219 220•

RALLS

SULLIVAN

e 210-212

~ 10

Location map

216,217,213,215

PIKE

0 10

MILES

CAPE GIRARDEAU

20 30

TABLE 1

Sample Numbers, Cieologic Units, 1hicknesses and Sample Collection Sites

Sample Cieologic 1hickness

No. Unit in Feet Sample Collection Site County

193 Maquoketa Shale 6 CSL SW1/4 NW1/4 sec 31, T.33N.,R.13E. Gape Girardeau

194 Maquoketa Shale 6 CSL SW1/4 NW1/4 sec 31, T.33N.,R.13E. Gape Girardeau

195 Pleasanton Group 10 SE1/4 SE1/4 SW1/4 sec 23, T.61N.,R.25W. Grundy



198 Pleasanton Group 10 NW1/4 SW1/4 SW1/4 sec 25, T.59N.,R.26W. Daviess



201 Pleasanton Group 8 C SW1/4 NE1/4 sec 18, T.57N.,R.24W. Livingston



Sample

No.

204

205

206

207

208

209

210

211

212

213

214

215

TABLE 1 (continued)

Sample Numbers, Geologic Units, 'Ihicknesses and Sample Collection Sites

Geologic

Unit

Pleasanton Group

Pleasanton Group

Pleasanton Group

Pleasanton Group

Pleasanton Group

Pleasanton Group

Pleasanton Group

Pleasanton Group

Nowata Shale (?)

Hannibal Shale

Hannibal Shale

Hannibal Shale

'Ihickness

in Feet

15

10

15

15

10

10

10

10

6

10

10

10

Sample Collection Site

C SW1/4 NE1/4 sec 18, T.57N.,R.24W.

C SW1/4 NE1/4 sec 18, T.57N.,R.24W.

C SW1/4 NE1/4 sec 18, T.57N.,R.24W.

C SW1/4 NE1/4 sec 18, T.57N.,R.24W.

C SW1/4 NE1/4 sec 18, T.57N.,R.24W.

C SW1/4 NE1/4 sec 18, T.57N.,R.24W.

SW1 /4 NW1 /4 NE1 /Lt sec 25, T.62N. ,R.22W.

SW1/4 NW1/4 NE1/4 sec 25, T.62N.,R.22W.

SW1/4 NW1/4 NE1/4 sec 25, T.62N.,R.22W.

NW1/4 SW1/4 SW1/4 sec 36, T.54N.,R.3W.

NW1/4 SW1/4 SW1/4 sec 36, T.54N.,R.3W.

NW1/4 SW1/4 SW1/4 sec 36, T.54N.,R.3W.

County

Livingston

Livingston

Livingston

Livingston

Livingston

Livingston

Sullivan

Sullivan

Sullivan

Pike

Pike

Pike

Sample

No.

216

217

218

219

220

221

222

223

224

225

226

TABLE 1 (cont i nued)

Sample Numbers, Geologi c Units, 1hicknesses and Sample Col lecti on Si tes

Geologic

Unit

1hi ckness

in Feet

Grassy Creek-Saverton Shales 8-10

Grassy Creek-Saverton Shales 8-10

Hannibal Shale 12-15

Hannibal Shale 10

Hannibal Shale 15

Hannibal Shale 12

Hannibal Shale 8

Hannibal Shale 12

Hannibal Shale 8

Grassy Creek-Saverton Shales 15

Cheltenham Clay Stockpile

Locat i on

SW1/4 NW1/4 NW1/4 sec 36, T.54N.,R.3W.

NW1/4 SW1/4 SW1/4 sec 36, T.54N.,R.3W.

NW1/4 SE1/4 NE1/4 sec 7, T.54N.,R.2W.

NW1/4 SW1/4 NW1/4 sec 6, T.55N.,R.5W.

NW1/4 SE1/4 sec 1, T.55N.,R.6W.

SE1/4 SE1/4 NW1/4 sec 29, T.57N.,R.6W.

SE1/4 NE1/4 NW1/4 sec 18, T.57N.,R.6W.

NE1/4 SW1/4 SE1/4 sec 22, T.57N.,R.7W.

NE1/4 NW1/4 NE1/4 sec 27, T.57N.,R.7W.

SW1/4 NE1/4 NE1/4 sec 24, T.56N.,R.5W.

SE1/4 SW1/4 NW1/4 sec 28, T.55N.,R.9W.

County

Pike

Pike

Pike

Pike

Ralls

Marion

Marion

Marion

Marion

Ralls

Monroe

TABLE 2

Geologic Units Sampled and 1heir Suitability for Various Uses

Sample Structural Cla:t: Products LiQht~ight A'1'1reQate

No. Geologic Unit Suitable Marginal Unsuitable Suitable Marginal Unsuitable

193 Maquoketa Shale X X

194 Maquoketa Shale X X

195 Pleasanton Group X X










TABLE 2 (continued)


Sample Structural Clay Products Lightweight agm:eQate









212 Nowata Shale (?) X X

213 Hannibal Shale X X



216 Grassy Creek-Saverton Shales X X

TABLE 2 <continued)


Sample Structural Cla~ Products Lightweight hlQrellate


217 Grassy Creek- Saverton Shales X X








225 Grassy Creek- Saverton Shales X X

226 Cheltenham Clay X X

SAMPLE NO.

FORMATION

193 LOCATION: CSL SW1/4 NW1/4 sec 31, T.33N.,R.13E.

Maquoketa Shale

DESCRIPTION: Shale, bluish-green; basal 6' of 12' section.

CHEMICAL RAW PROPERTIES Si02 62.91 MgO 2 .16 Water of Plasticity: 14.9%

Al203 17 .10 Na20 0.23 Drying Shrinkage 2.5% Fe203 5 .17 K20 4.79 HCL Effervescence None MnO 0.02 LOI 6.99

eao 0.37 Total 99.74

SLOW FIRING TEST

Temp i"bhs' % Linear % % Bulk 7.

COUNTY: Cape Girardeau

Working Properties: Short

Dry Strength: Good

pH: 6.5

QUICK FIRING TEST

Bulk oc Munsell Hard- Shrink- Absorp- Apparent Density Absorp- Density Remarks

1000

1050

1100

1150

1200

1250

Color ness

5 YR 6/12 4

2.5 YR 5/10 5

2.5 YR 4/6 6.5

age tion Porosity gms/cc

5.0 8.6 18. 1 2.10

7.5 3.6 8.3 2.28

10.0 1 .4 3.4 2.40

MELTED

REMARKS: Structural clay products (e.g. building brick): 1000-1100°c

tion gms/cc

SAMPLE NO.

FORMATION

194 LOCATION: CSL SW1/4 NW1/4 sec 31, T.33N.,R.13E.

Maquoketa Shale

DESCRIPTION: Shale, bluish-green; upper 6 1 of 12'section.

CHEMICAL RAW PROPERTIES Si02 63.95 MgO 1. 78 Water of Plasticity: 17 .9'7.

Al203 16.82 Na20 0.22 Drying Shrinkage 2.57. Fe203 5 .10 K20 4.73 !-CL Effervescence None MnO 0.02 LOI 6.95


SLOW FIRING TEST

Temp fuhs' % Linear % % Bulk %

COUNIY: Cape Girardeau

Working Properties: short

Dry Strength: Good

pH: 6.5

QUICK FIRING 1EST

Bulk oc Munsell Hard- Shrink- Absorp- Apparent Density Absorp- Density Remarks Color ness age tion Porosity gms/cc

1000 5 YR 6/8 4.5 5.0 9.6 19.9 2.08 1050 2.5 YR 5/8 6.5 7.5 4.9 11 . 1 2.24 1100 5 YR 4/6 7.0 10.0 1.8 4.2 2.38 1150 MELTED 1200

1250

REMARKS: Structural clay products (e.g. building brick): 1000-11oooc

I--' w

tion gms/cc

SAMPLE NO.

FORMATION

195 LOCATION: SE1/4 SE1/4 SW1/4 sec 23, T.61N.,R.25W. COUNTY: Grundy

Pleasanton Group

DESCRIPTION: Shale; upper 10' of 30' section.

CHEMICAL RAW PROPERTIES Si02 61 .40 MgO 2.09 Water of Plasticity: 17.2% Working Properties: Al203 16.91 Na20 0.97 Drying Shrinkage 2.5% Dry Strength: Fe203 5.84 K20 3 .19 I-CL Effervescence Slight pH: MnO 0.02 LOI 7.43

eao 2 .10 Total 99.95

SLOW FIRING TEST QUICK FIRING TEST

Temp t-bhs' % Linear % 7. Bulk 7. Bulk

Short

good

8.2

oc Munsell Hard- Shrink- Absorp- Apparent Density Absorp- Density Remarks Color ness age tion Porosity gms/cc tion gms/cc

1000 5 YR 6/8 3 5.0 16.9 31.2 1.85 1050 2.5 YR 5/8 3 7.5 10.2 20.9 2.05 1100 2.5 YR 5/6 5 10.0 4.8 10.9 2.25 1150 2.5 YR 4/6 7 12.5 2.9 6.6 2.26 1200 MELTED 1250

REMARKS: Structural clay products (e.g. building brick): 1100-1150°C. I-Cl effervescence could cause problems.

SAMPLE NO.

FORMATION

196 LOCATION: SE1/4 SE1/4 SW1/4 sec 23, T.61N.,R.25W

Pleasanton Group

DESCRIPTION: Shale; middle 10' of 30' section.

CHEMICAL RAW PROPERTIES

Si02 61 .88 Mg() 2.05 Water of Plasticity: 14.67.

Al203 17.32 Na20 0.98 Drying Shrinkage 2.57.

Fe203 6.70 K20 3.07 l-cL Effervescence Slight

MnO 0.02 LOI 6.94


SLOW FIRING TEST

Temp M:>hs' 7. Linear 7. 7. Bulk 7.

COUNTY: Grundy


Dry Strength: Good

pH: 7.6

QUICK FIRING TEST


Color ness age tion Porosity gms/cc tion gms/cc

1000 5 YR 6/8 3 5.0 16.3 30.4 1.87

1050 2.5 YR 5/8 5 7.5 11.2 22.8 2.04

1100 2.5 YR 4/6 7 10.0 4.3 10.0 2.33

1150 MEL TE D

1200

1250

REMARKS: Structural clay products (e.g. building brick): 10500 C. I-Cl effervescence could cause problems. Abrupt vitrification: 11000c.

SAMPLE NO.

FORMATION

197 LOCATION: SE1/4 SE1/4 SW1/4 sec 23, T.61N.,R.25W

Pleasanton Group

DESCRIPTION: Shale; lower 10' of 30' section.


Si~ 60.94 MgO 2.04 Water of Plasticity: 22.97.

Al203 17.45 Na20 1.03 Drying Shrinkage 2 .57.

Fe203 7. 11 K20 3.03 I-CL Effervescence None

MnO 0.02 LOI 7.23


SLOW FIRING '!EST

Temp l"bhs' 7. Linear 7. 7. Bulk 7.

COUNIY: Grundy

Working Properties: Plastic

Dry Strength: Good

pH: 7.6

QUICK FIRING '!EST

Bulk oc Munsell 1-Brd- Shrink- Absorp- Apparent Density Absorp- Density Remarks


1000 5 YR 6/8 3 5.0 18.3 33.0 1.80

1050 2.5 YR 5/8 4 7.5 13.5 26.4 1 .96

1100 2.5 YR 4/6 7 12.5 4.8 11 . 1 1. 11

1150 MELTED

1200

1250

REMARKS: Structural clay products (e.g. building brick): 1osooc. Abrupt vitrification: 11000c.

SAMPLE NO.

FORMATION

198 LOCATION: NW1/4 SW1/4 SW1/4 sec 25, T.59N.,R.26W

Pleasanton Group

DESCRIPTION: Shale; upper 10' of 30' section.


Si02 60.89 MgO 1.99 Water of Plasticity: 15.07.

Al203 16.72 Na20 0.95 Drying Shrinkage 2 .57.

Fe203 8.47 K20 2.89 J-CL Effervescence None

MnO 0.03 LOI 7.02


SLOW FIRING TEST

Temp l'bhs' 7. Linear 7. 7. Bulk 7.

mUNTY: Daviess


Dry Strength: Good

pH: 7.8

QUICK FIRING TEST

Bulk cc Munsell Hard- Shrink- Absorp- Apparent Density Absorp- Density Remarks

1000

1050

1100

1150

1200

1250

Color

5 YR 6/8

2.5 YR 5/8

2.5 YR 4/8

ness

3

4

6.5

age tion

5.0 18.5

7.5 12 .6

1 o.o 5.2

MELTED

Porosity gms/cc tion gms/cc

33.4 1.80

25.0 1.98

12.0 2.28

REMARKS: Structural clay products (e.g. building brick): 10500c. Abrupt vitrification: 11000c.

SAMPLE NO.

FORMATION


Pleasanton Group

DESCRIPTION: Shale; middle 10' of 30' section.


Si02 61 .97 Mg() 2. 11 Water of Plasticity: 15.5%

Al203 17.89 Na20 0.99 Drying Shrinkage 0.0

Fe203 6.59 K20 3 .12 I-CL Effervescence None

MnO 0.02 LOI 6.55


SLOW FIRING TEST

Temp i"bhs' '7. Linear '7. 7. Bulk 7.

mUNTY: Daviess


Dry Strength: Good

pH: 8.0

QUICK FIRING TEST


1000

1050

1100

1150

1200

1250

Color

5 YR 6/8

2.5 YR 5/8

2.5 YR 4/6

ness

3

4

5

age tion

5.0 19.6

7.5 14.0

10.0 5.5

MELTED


34.9 1. 78

27.0 1.94

12.4 2.25

REMARKS: Marginal for structural clay products (e.g. building brick): 10500c. Abrupt vitrification: 11000c.

SAMPLE NO.

FORMATION


Pleasanton Group

DESCRIPTION: Shale; basal 10' of 30' section.


Si02 67.05 MgO 1.77 Water of Plasticity: 17.6'7.

Al203 14.77 Na20 1.17 Drying Shrinkage 0.0%

Fe203 5.79 K20 2.45 HCL Effervescence Slight

MnO 0.02 LOI 5.27

CaO 0.97 Total 99.26

SLOW FIRING TEST

Temp 1'1:)hs' '7. Linear 7. % Bulk 7.

COUNTY: Daviess


Dry Strength: Good

pH: 8.3

QUICK FIRING TEST



1000 5 YR 6/6 3 2.5 20.7 35.5 1 . 71

1050 2.5 YR 6/8 4 5.0 17.9 32.2 1 .80

1100 2.5 YR 5/6 5 7.5 13. 1 25.7 1 .97 15.0 1 . 51 Slight expansion 1150 2.5 YR 4/6 6.5 10.0 6.0 13.4 2.25 11.4 1 . 12 Good pore structure 1200 EXPANDED

1250

REMARKS: Structural clay products (e.g. building brick): 1050-115ooc. Marginal for lightweight aggregate: 1200°C.; slightly heavy. I-Cl effervescence could cause problems.

SAMPLE NO.

FORMATION

201 LCX::ATION: C SW1/4 NE1/4 sec 18, T.57N.,R.24W COUN1Y: Livingston

Pleasanton Group

DESCRIPTION: Shale: 8'±. Upper sample of nine sample section; total thickness 104'.


Si02 39.51 MgO 5.83 Water of Plasticity: 15.3% Working Properties: Short

Al203 10.77 Na20 0.69 Drying Shrinkage 0.0 Dry Strength: Good

Fe203 5.57 K20 2.42 HCL Effervescence High pH: 8.8 MnO 0.17 LOI 19.64

eao 14.76 Total 99.36


Temp l'bhs' % Linear % % Bulk % Bulk oc Munsell Hard- Shrink- Absorp- Apparent Density Absorp- Density Remarks


1000 10 YR 7 /6 3 2.5 25.1 41 .8 1 .67

1050 10 YR 8/2 3 2.5 24.9 41 .7 1.67

1100 10 YR 8/2 3 2.5 24.6 41 .3 1 .68

1150 10 YR 6/6 3 2.5 21 .3 38.3 1. 79

1200

1250

REMARKS: Not suitable for structural clay products. High effervescence.

N 0

SAMPLE NO.

FORMATION

202 LOCATION: C SW1/4 NE1/4 sec 18, T.57N.,R.24W COUNTY: Livingston

Pleasanton Group

DESCRIPTION: Shale: 6'±. Second sample from top of nine sample section; total thickness 104'.



Al203 17 .90 Na20 1.18 Drying Shrinkage 0.0% Dry Strength: Good

Fe203 5.94 K20 2.92 I-CL Effervescence None pH: 6.8 MnO 0.03 LOI 6.74



Temp Mohs' 7. Linear 7. % Bulk % Bulk oc Munsell Hard- Shrink- Absorp- Apparent Density Absorp- Density Remarks

Color ness age tion Porosity gms/cc tion gms/cc 1000 5 YR 7/8 3 2.5 19.5 34.3 1. 75

1050 2.5 YR 6/8 4 5.0 14.8 28.1 1 .90

1100 2.5 YR 4/8 6.5 10.0 4.9 11. 1 2.25 1150 2.5 YR 4/4 8 10.0 1.0 2.3 2.37 20.5 1.35 Slight expansion 1200 E XPANDED 9.5 1 . 14 Good expansion 1250

REMARKS:

N I--'

Structural clay products (e.g. building brick): 10500c. Abrupt vitrification: 1050-110ooc.

SAMPLE NO. 203 LOCATION: C SW1/4 NE1/4 sec 18, T.57N.,R.24W COUN1Y: Livingston FORMATION Pleasanton Group

DESCRIPTION: Shale; 15'±. Third sample from top of nine sample section; total thickness 104'.

Si02

Al203

Fe203

MnO

eao

Temp oc

1000

1050

1100

1150

1200

1250

CHEMICAL

62.20 MgO

15.73 Na20

7.06 K20

0.03 LOI

0.84 Total

lt>hs' Munsell Hard-Color ness

2.5 YR 6/10 3

2.5 YR 5/8 5

2.5 YR 4/6 6.5

RAW PROPERTIES

1.72 Water of Plasticity: 19.6% Working Properties: Plastic

1.22 Drying Shrinkage 2.5% Dry Strength: Good

2.64 I-CL Effervescence Slight pH: 5.1

8.39

99.83


% Linear 7. 7. Shrink- Absorp- Apparent age tion Porosity

5.0 17.2 31.4

7.5 12.4 24.6

10.0 4.3 10.0

E XPANDED

Bulk Density gms/cc

1.83

1 .98

2.31

7. Absorp-tion

17. 1

27.3

Bulk Density gms/cc

1.23

0.80

Remarks

Good expansion

Good pore structure

REMARKS: Structural clay products (e.g. building brick): 1050°c. Lightweight aggregate: 12000c. Abrupt vitrification: 1050-1100°c. I-Cl effervescence could cause problems.

N N

204 LOCATION: C SW1/4 NE1/4 sec 18, T.57N.,R.24W COUNTY: Livingston SAMPLE NO.

FORMATION Pleasanton Group

DESCRIPTION: Shale; 15'±. Fourth sample from top of nine sample section; total thickness 104'.

CHEMICAL RAW PROPERTIES Si02 62.96 MgO 2 .13 Water of Plasticity : 16.4% Working Properties: Short Al203 16.72 Na20 1.21 Drying Shrinkage 2.5% Ory Strength: Good Fe203 7.08 K20 2.77 rCL Effervescence None pH: 7.8 MnO 0.03 LOI 6.21



Temp 1'1::>hs' '7. Linear '7. % Bulk % Bulk oc Munsell Hard- Shrink- Absorp- Apparent Density Absorp- Density Remarks Color ness age tion Porosity gms/cc tion gms/cc

1000 5 YR 6/8 4 5.0 17.6 31.9 1.81 1050 2.5 YR 6/8 5 5.0 13.6 26.6 1.95 1100 2.5 YR 4/8 5 10.0 7.3 16.0 2 .19 1150 2.5 YR 4/6 6.5 12.5 2.0 4.6 2.37 10.7 1.53 Slight expansion 1200 EXPANDED 12.6 0.90 Good expansion 1250

REMARKS: Structural clay products <e.g. building brick): 1000- 11oooc. Lightweight aggregate: 1200° C.

N c.,.;

205 LOCATION: C SW1/4 NE1/4 sec 18, T.57N.,R.24W COUNTY: Livingston SAMPLE NO.


DESCRIPTION: Shale; 10'±. Fifth sample from top of nine sample section; total thickness 104'.

CHEMICAL RAW PROPERTIES Si02 67.31 MgO 2.30 Water of Plasticity: 17 .8'7. Working Properties: Short Al203 17.00 Na20 1.25 Drying Shrinkage 0. 07. Dry Strength: Good Fe203 7.08 K20 2.73 HCL Effervescence Slight pH: 8.6 MnO 0.04 LOI 6.22



Temp f'bhs' % Linear 7. 7. Bulk oc Munsell Hard- Shrink- Absorp- Apparent Density

'7. Bulk Absorp- Density Remarks

Color ness age tion Porosity gms/cc tion gms/cc 1000 5 YR 7/6 3 2.5 19.2 33.7 1. 76 1050 2.5 YR 6/8 4 5.0 16.0 30.0 1 .86 1100 2.5 YR 5/6 5 10.0 7.5 16 .5 2 .19 16.0 1 .48 Slight expansion 1150 2.5 YR 4/6 7 12.5 1.3 3.2 2.40 22.1 1 .04 Good expansion 1200 EXPANDED 15.7 0.80 Good expansion, stuck 1250

REMARKS: Structural clay products Ce.g. building brick): 1050-11oooc. Marginal lightweight aggregate: 1150-1200°c. I-Cl effervescence could cause problems.

206 LOCATION: C SW1/4 NE1/4 sec 18. T.57N.,R.24W COUNTY: Livingston SAMPLE NO.


DESCRIPTION: Shale; 15'±. Sixth sample from top of nine sample section; total thickness 104'.

CHEMICAL RAW PROPERTIES Si02 53.91 MgO 2.77 Water of Plasticity: 16 .1 % Working Properties: Short Al203 20.03 Na20 1.04 Drying Shrinkage 5.0% Dry Strength: Good Fe203 9.69 K20 3.40 HCL Effervescence None pH: 8.3 MnO 0.05 LOI 7.67



Temp Mohs' % Linear % 7. Bulk % Bulk oc Munsell Hard- Shrink- Absorp- Apparent Density Absorp- Density Remarks Color ness age tion Porosity gms/cc tion gms/cc

1000 5 YR 6/10 5 7.5 13.5 26.6 1 .97 1050 2.5 YR 5/6 7 10.0 6.0 13.4 2.22 51 .6 1 .48 Slight expansion 1100 EXPANDED 9.2 1.55 Good expansion 1150 7.7 0.96 Good pore structure 1200

1250

REMARKS: Structural clay products (e.g. building brick): 10000-105ooc. Lightweight aggregate: 1150-12oooc.

N u,

SAMPLE NO. 207 LOCATION: C SW1/4 NE1/4 sec 18, T.57N.,R.24W COUN1Y: Livingston


DESCRIPTION: Shale; 15'~. Seventh sample from top of nine sample section; total thickness 104'.

Si02

Al203

Fe203

MnO

eao

Temp oc

1000

1050

1100

1150

1200

1250

CHEMICAL

56 .11

20.45

8.36

0.04

0.71

Munsell Color

5 YR 5/8

2 .5 YR 5/6

MgO

Na20

K20

LOI

Total

Mohs' Hard-ness

5

7

RAW PROPERTIES


1.01 Drying Shrinkage 2.5% Dry Strength: Good

3.48 I-CL Effervescence None pH: 8.7

7.05

99.91


7, Linear % '.'l. Bulk % Bulk Shrink- Absorp- Apparent Density Absorp- Density Remarks age tion Porosity gms/cc tion gms/cc

7.5 14.2 27.2 1 . 91

10.0 7.3 15.8 2 .16

EXPANDED 9 .1 1 .53 Good expansion

8 .1 0.95 Good pore structure

2.9 0.87 Good pore structure,


stuck

SAMPLE NO.

FORMATION


Pleasanton Group

DESCRIPTION: Shale; 10'±. Eighth sample from top of nine sample section; total thickness 104'.


Si02 56.16 MgO 2.34 Water of Plasticity: 19.5% Working Properties: Plastic

Al203 20.44 Na20 0.82 Drying Shrinkage 5.0% Dry Strength: Good

Fe203 8.22 K20 3.34 I-CL Effervescence None pH: 4.8

MnO 0.04 LOI 8.06



Temp f-bhs' 7. Linear 7. 7. Bulk 7. Bulk oc Munsell Hard- Shrink- Absorp- Apparent Density Absorp- Density Remarks


1000 5 YR 6/8 5 7.5 13.5 26.0 1.93

1050 2.5 YR 6/8 7 10.0 7.0 15. 1 2 .15

1100 EXPANDED 9.6 1.59 Very slight expansion 1150 11 .6 1.04 Good expansion

1200 14.2 0.88 Good expansion 1250


N -....J

SAMPLE NO.

FORMATION


Pleasanton Group

DESCRIPTION: Shale; 10'±. Basal sample of nine sample section; total thickness 104'.




Fe203 5.70 K20 2.44 I-CL Effervescence High pH: 8.0

MnO 0.04 LOI 5.58

eao 1 . 21 Total 99.68


Temp Mohs' 7. Linear % 7. Bulk % Bulk oc Munsell Hard- Shrink- Absorp- Apparent Density Absorp- Density Remarks


1000 2.5 YR 6/8 3 2 .5 20.6 36.0 1. 75

1050 2.5 YR 5/6 4 2.5 19.2 34.3 1.78

1100 2.5 YR 5/6 5 2.5 17.0 31.5 1 .85

1150 2 .5 YR 4/4 6 5.0 10 .4 21 .9 1.92

1200 2.5 YR 3/4 7 10.0 5.8 11 . 1 2.10

1250

REMARKS: Not suitable for structural clay products.

N CD

210 LOCATION: SW1/4 NW1/4 NE1/4 sec 25, T.62N.,R.22W CX)UNTY: Sullivan SAMPLE NO.


DESCRIPTION: Shale; 10'.±..

CHEMICAL

Si02 67.62 MgO

Al203 14.77 Na20

Fe203 6.22 K20

MnO 0.02 LOI

eao 0.58 Total

Temp Mohs' oc Munsell Hard-

Color ness

1000 2.5 YR 5/8 4

1050 2.5 YR 5/8 5

1100 10 R 4/6 5

1150 10 R 4/6 7

1200 10 R 3/4 7

1250

Upper sample of three sample section; total thickness 26'.

1.58

1.23

2.35

5.35

99.72

RAW PROPERTIES

Water of Plasticity: 17.5%

Drying Shrinkage 2.5%

lCL Effervescence None

SLOW FIRING TEST

% Linear % % Bulk %


Dry Strength: Good

pH: 7.6

QUICK FIRING TEST

Bulk Shrink- Absorp- Apparent Density Absorp- Density Remarks age tion Porosity gms/cc tion gms/cc

2.5 19.8 34.7 1.75

2.5 18.2 32.7 1. 79

7.5 11 . 9 23.8 2.00

10.0 6.6 14.7 2 .12

10.0 1.5 3.4 2.27

MELTED

REMARKS: Structural clay products <e.g. building brick, ceramic tile): 1000-12000C. Very good firing range.

SAMPLE NO.

FORMATION

211 LOCATION: SW1/4 NW1/4 NE1/4 sec 25, T.62N.,R.22W COUN1Y: Sullivan

Pleasanton Group

DESCRIPTION: Shale; 10'±. Middle sample of three sample section; total thickness 26'. Covered interval of 15' between samples 211 and 212.


Si02 68.99 Mg() 1 .52 Water of Plasticity: 18. 27. Working Properties: Plastic

Al203 14.42 Na20 1.25 Drying Shrinkage 2.57. Dry Strength: Good

Fe203 5.81 K20 2.24 l-CL Effervescence None pH: 7 .1

MnO 0.02 LOI 5.19



Temp Mohs' 7. Linear 7. 7. Bulk 7. Bulk oc Munsell Hard- Shrink- Absorp- Apparent Density Absorp- Density Remarks


1000 2.5 YR 6/6 4 2.5 21.8 36.8 1 .69

1050 2.5 YR 6/6 4 2.5 19.8 34.4 1 . 73

1100 10 R 4/8 5 7.5 14 . 2 27.0 1 . 91

1150 10 R 4/6 6.5 7.5 9 .1 19. 1 1.95 7.9 1. 79 Slight

1200 10 R 4/4 7.0 10.0 8.8 17.3 1.96 14.7 1.72 Slight 1250 5 YR 4/2 7.0 10.0 1.9 3.7 2. 11

REMARKS: Structural clay products (e .g. building brick): 1000-12oooc. Abrupt vitrification:

w C)

1200-125ooc. Very good firing range.

expansion

expansion

SAMPLE NO.

FORMATION

212 LOCATION: SW1/4 N\.11/4 NE1/4 sec 25, T.67N.,R.22W CX)UN1Y: Sullivan Nowata Shale (?)

DESCRIPTION: Shale; 6'±. Basal sample of three sample section; total thickness 26'. Covered interval of 15' between samples 211 and 212.

CHEMICAL RAW PROPERTIES Si02 54.66 Mg() 2.07 Water of Plasticity: 15.07. Working Properties: Short Al203 20.64 Na20 0.75 Drying Shrinkage 5 .07. Dry Strength: Good Fe203 8.36 K20 3.95 rCL Effervescence None pH: 7.6 MnO 0.04 LOI 8.26



Temp Mohs' 7. Linear 7. 7. Bulk 7. Bulk oc Munsell Hard- Shrink- Absorp- Apparent Density Absorp- Density Remarks

Color

1000 5 YR 6/8

1050 2.5 YR 6/8

1100

1150

1200

1250

ness

5

6.5

age tion

7.5 10.0

10.0 4.6

E X P A N D E D


20 .4 2.04

10.5 2.27

1.5 1. 76 Sligh expansion

8.2 1. 78 Slight expansion

REMARKS: Structural clay produces (e.g. building brick): 10000c. Abrupt vitrification: 1000-10500C.

w ......

SAMPLE NO.

FORMATION

213

Hannibal

LOCATION: N\.11/4 SW1/4 SW1/4 sec 36,T.54N.,R.3W CX)UNTY: Pike

DESCRIPTION: Shale; 10'±. Upper sample of 3 sample section, total thickness 30'.


Si02 68.66 MgO 2 .18 Water of Plasticity: 16 .1 % Working Properties: Short


Fe203 5.36 K20 4.20 I-CL Effervescence None pH: 5.8 MnO 0.02 LOI 5.27



Temp Mohs' % Linear % % Bulk % Bulk oc Munsell Hard- Shrink- Absorp- Apparent Density Absorp- Density Remarks


1000 2.5 YR 5/8 5 7.5 10.4 21.2 2.03

1050 2.5 YR 5/8 6.5 7.5 7.3 15.6 2 .14 1100 2.5 YR 4/8 8 10.0 1.3 3. 1 2.37 1150 MELTED

1200

1250

REMARKS: Structural clay products <e.g. building brick): 1000-10500C. Abrupt vitrification: 11000c.

w N

SAMPLE NO.

FORMATION

214

Hannibal

LOCATION: NW1/4 SW1/4 SW1/4 sec 36, T.54N.,R.3W OJUNIY: Pike

DESCRIPTION: Shale; 10'±. Middle sample of three sample section; total thickness 30'.


Si02 69.11 MgO 2.20 Water of Plasticity: 15.3% Working Properties: Short Al203 12.85 Na20 0.18 Drying Shrinkage 5.0% Dry Strength: Good Fe203 5.25 K20 4.16 HCL Effervescence None pH: 5 .1 MnO 0.02 LOI 5.26



Temp Mohs' % Linear 7. % Bulk 7. Bulk oc Munsell Hard- Shrink- Absorp- Apparent Density Absorp- Density Remarks

Color ness age tion Porosity gms/cc tion gms/cc 1000 2.5 YR 5/8 5 7.5 9.8 20.4 2.04

1050 2.5 YR 5/8 6.5 7.5 7.3 15.6 2 .13 1100 2.5 YR 4/8 8 10.0 2.4 5.6 2.36 1150 ME LT ED

1200

1250

REMARKS: Structural clay products (e.g. building brick): 1000-1050°c. Abrupt vitrification: 10000c

<.,., w

SAMPLE NO.

FORMATION

215

Hannibal

LOCATION: N\./1/4 SW1/4 SW1/4 sec 36, T.54N.,R.3W COUN1Y: Pike

DESCRIPTION: Shale: 10'±. Basal sample of three sample section; total thickness 30'.


Si02 64.28 MgO 2.57 Water of Plasticity: 16.67. Working Properties: Short Al203 13.82 Na20 0.14 Drying Shrinkage 5.07. Dry Strength: Good Fe203 5.61 K20 4.32 !-CL Effervescence None pH: 8.4 MnO 0.02 LOI 6.92



Temp oc Munsell

i"bhs' 7. Linear 7. Hard- Shrink- Absorp-

7. Bulk 7. Bulk Apparent Density Absorp- Density Remarks

Color ness age tion Porosity gms/cc tion gms/cc 1000 2.5 YR 5/8 5 7.5 8.2 17. 1 2.08

1050 2.5 YR 5/8 6.5 10.0 5.2 11 . 5 2.20 1100 ME LT ED

1150

1200

1250

REMARKS: Structural clay products (e.g. building brick): 1000-105ooc.

216 LOCATION: SW1/4 NW1/4 NW1/4 sec 36, T.54N.,R.3W CX)UN1Y: Pike SAMPLE NO.

FORMATION Grassy Creek-Saverton

DESCRIPTION: Shale; 8-1 o•. Upper sample of two sample section; total thickness 18-20'.


Si02 64.62 MgO 2.06 Water of Plasticity: 17 .1 % Working Properties: Short Al203 13 .51 Na20 0.15 Drying Shrinkage 2.5% Dry Strength: Good Fe203 6.40 K20 4.54 HCL Effervescence None pH: 7.8 MnO 0.02 LOI 7.57



Temp Mohs' % Linear % % Bulk % Bulk oc Munsell Hard- Shrink- Absorp- Apparent Density Absorp- Density Remarks

Color ness age tion Porosity gms/cc tion gms/cc 1000 2.5 YR 6/8 5 7.5 7.9 11 . 4 2.02 1050 2.5 YR 4/8 6.5 10.0 7.9 8.6 2. 11 25.4 1 .29 Slight expansion 1100 2.5 YR 4/6 8 12.5 7.4 2.6 2.25 18.8 0.93 Good expansion 1150 E X P A N D E D 19.3 0.98 Good expansion 1200

1250

REMARKS: Structural clay products (e.g. building brick): 1000-11oooc. Lightweight aggregate: 1050-115ooc

<.,., (.Jl

217 LOCATION: SW1/4 NW1/4 NW1/4 sec 36, T.54N.,R.3W COUNIY: Pike SAMPLE NO.


DESCRIPTION: Shale; 8-1 o•.

CHEMICAL

Si02 66.59 MgO

Al203 12.31 Na20

Fe203 4.61 K20

MnO 0.02 LOI

eao 1. 73 Total


Color ness

1000 5 YR 6/6 4

1050 5 YR 6/6 5

1100 2.5 YR 5/6 7

1150

1200

1250

Basal sample of two sample section; total thickness 18-20'.

RAW PROPERTIES

3.00 Water of Plasticity: 16.4% Working Properties: Short

0. 11 Drying Shrinkage 2.5% Ory Strength: Good

4.37 HCL Effervescence High pH: 6.5 6.69

99.43

SLOW FIRING 'IEST QUICK FIRING 'IEST

% Linear % % Bulk Shrink- Absorp- Apparent Density

% Absorp-

Bulk Density gms/cc

Remarks age tion Porosity

5.0 11 . 5 23.2

7.5 9.9 20.4

10.0 4.8 11. 1

EXPANDED

gms/cc

2.01

2.06

2.29

tion

16.5

15.7

28.1

0.99

1.14

0.74

Good expansion

Good expansion

Good pore structure

REMARKS: Not suitable for structural clay products, high effervescence.

SAMPLE NO.

FORMATION

218

Hannibal

DESCRIPTION: Shale; 12-15'.

Si02

Al203

Fe203

MnO

CaO

Temp oc

1000

1050

1100

1150

1200

1250

CHEMICAL

78.42

8.97

2.36

0.02

0.29

Munsell Color

5 YR 6/8

2.5 YR 6/10

2.5 YR 5/8

10 R 5/8

MgO

Na20

K20

LOI

Total

fuhs' Hard-ness

5

5

6.5

7

LOCATION: NW1/4 SE1/4 NE1/4 sec 7, T.54N.,R.2W (X)UNTY: Pike

RAW PROPERTIES

0.97 Water of Plasticity: 16 .5% Working Properties: Short 0.44 Drying Shrinkage 2.5% Dry Strength: Good 3.28 HCL Effervescence None pH: 7 .1 3.49

98.24

SLOW FIRING 1EST QUICK FIRING 1EST

% Linear % % Bulk % Bulk Shrink- Absorp- Apparent Density Absorp- Density Remarks age tion Porosity gms/cc tion gms/cc

2.5 18.5 32.5 1.75

2.5 18.0 31.8 1. 77

5.0 15.2 28.1 1 .84

7.5 10.9 21 .5 1 .97

M E L T E D

REMARKS: Structural clay products (e.g. building brick): 1000-1100°C. Abrupt vitrification: 11500c.

w -..J

SAMPLE NO.

FORMATION

219

Hannibal

DESCRIPTION: Shale; 10'±.

CHEMICAL

Si02 75.87 MgO

Al203 7 .12 Na20

Fe203 1.89 K20

MnO 0.03 LOI

eao 3.27 Total

Temp l"klhs' oc Munsell Hard-

Color ness

1000 5 YR 7/6 3

1050 5 YR 7/6 3

1100 5 YR 7/6 5

1150 7.5 YR 7/6 7

1200 2.5 YR 4/4 8

1250

LOCATION: NW1/4 SW1/4 NW1/4 sec 6, T.55N.,R.5W COUNTY: Pike

RAW PROPERTIES

2 .13 Water of Plasticity: 16.9% Working Properties: Short

0.15 Drying Shrinkage 0.0 Dry Strength: Good

3 .19 I-CL Effervescence High pH: 9.0

5.53

99.18



0.0 23.7 38.2 1.62

0.0 23.6 38.4 1 .63

0.0 21. 2 35.7 1 .68

2.5 17.3 31.0 1 .80

7.5 2.7 5.9 2 .19

MELTED

REMARKS: Not suitable for structural clay products, high effervescence .

w co

SAMPLE NO.

FORMATION

220

Hannibal


CHEMICAL

Si02 67.84

Al203 12.56

Fe203 4.79

MnO 0.02

eao 1 .24

Temp oc Munsell

Color

1000 5 YR 6/8

1050 2.5 YR 5/8

1100

1150

1200

1250

Mg()

Na20

K20

LOI

Total

M:>hs' Hard-ness

5

6.5

LOCATION: NW1/4 SE1/4 sec 1, T.55N.,R.6W COUNTY: Ralls

RA\./ PROPERTIES

2.52 \.later of Plasticity: 15.8% Working Properties: Short

0.10 Drying Shrinkage 5.07. Dry Strength: Good

4.32 J--K:::L Effervescence High pH: 8.9

5 .42

98.81

SLO\.J FIRING TEST QUICK FIRING TEST

7. Linear 7. 7. Bulk 7. Bulk Shrink- Absorp- Apparent Density Absorp- Density Remarks age tion Porosity gms/cc tion gms/cc

7.5 11 . 1 22 .1 2 .13

7.5 6.8 14.4 2.40

E XPANDED 4.3 1.68 Slight

11 . 5 1 .62 Slight


expansion

expansion

SAMPLE NO.

FORMATION

221

Hannibal


CHEMICAL

Si02 61 . 11 MgO

Al203 17.07 Na20

Fe203 5.86 K20

MnO 0.02 LOI

eao 0.73 Total

Temp fuhs' oc Munsell Hard-Color ness

1000 5 YR 6/8 5

1050 2.5 YR 6/8 6.5

1100

1150

1200

1250

LOCATION: SE1/4 SE1/4 NW1/4 sec 29, T.57N.,R.6W COUNTY: Marion

RAW PROPERTIES


0 .14 Drying Shrinkage 5.0% Dry Strength: Good

4.53 HCL Effervescence High pH: 8.0

6.72

98.67



7.5 10.5 21.1 2.00

10.0 6.2 13.3 2 .14

E X P A N D E D 7 .1 0.98 Good expansion

7 .1 1 . 17 Good expansion

1 .0 0.95 Good expansion


SAMPLE NO.

FORMATION

222

Hannibal


Si02

Al203

Fe203

MnO

eao

Temp oc

1000

1050

1100

1150

1200

1250

CHEMICAL

73.85

10.52

4.38

0.02

0.19

Munsell Color

5 YR 6/8

2.5 YR 6/10

2.5 YR 5/8

2.5 YR 4/6

MgO

Na20

K20

LOI

Total

1'1:>hs' Hard-ness

5

5

6.8

8.0

LOCATION: SE1/4 NE1/4 NW1/4 sec 18, T.57N .,R.6W COUNTY: Marion

RAW PROPERTIES

1.48 Water of Plasticity: 16. 77. Working Properties: Short


3.27 I-CL Effervescence None pH: 7 .9

4.90

98.69

SLOW FIRING 'IEST QUICK FIRING TEST

% Linear 7. 7. Bulk 7. Bulk Shrink- Absorp- Apparent Density Absorp- Density Remarks age tion Porosity gms/cc tion gms/cc

5.0 14.4 27.0 1 .88

7.5 13.5 25 .6 1 .90

10.0 9.2 18.8 2.04

12.5 1 . 2 2.7 2.28

MELTED

REMARKS: Structural clay products (e.g. building brick): 1000- 11oooc. Abrupt vitrification: 11500c.

SAMPLE NO.

FORMATION

223

Hannibal


CHEMICAL

Si02 66.49 MgO

Al203 13.48 Na20

Fe203 5.29 K20

MnO 0.03 LOI

CaO 0.72 Total

Temp fuhs' oc Munsell Hard-

Color ness

1000 2.5 YR 6/8 5

1050 2.5 YR 6/8 5

1100 2.5 YR 5/8 6.5

1150 10 R 4/8 6.5

1200 10 R 4/8 8.0

1250

LOCATION: NE1/4 SW1/4 SE1/4 sec 22, T.57N.,R.7W COUNTY: Marion

RAW PROPERTIES

2.65 Water of Plasticity: 15.37. Working Properties: Short


4.23 HCL Effervescence None pH: 4.3

6.36

99.37


% Linear 7. 7. Bulk 7. Bulk Shrink- Absorp- Apparent Density Absorp- Density Remarks age tion Porosity gms/cc tion gms/cc

5.0 15.3 28.5 1.86

5.0 14. 1 26.9 1 .90

7.5 12.6 24.7 1.96

10.0 9 .1 19. 1 2.09

12.5 1.0 2.3 2.24

REMARKS: Structural clay products (e.g. building brick): 1000-115ooc. Abrupt vitrification: 12000c. Good firing range.

SAMPLE NO.

FORMATION

224

Hannibal

DESCRIPTION: Shale; 8 1 ±.

CHEMICAL

Si02 74.96 Mg()

Al203 10.45 Na20

Fe203 3.61 K20

MnO 0.02 LOI

eao 0.26 Total


Color ness

1000 2.5 YR 5/8 5

1050 2.5 YR 5/8 6.5 1100 2.5 YR 4/8 8 1150

1200

1250

LOCATION: NE1/4 NW1/4 NE1/4 sec 27, T.57N.,R.7W COUN1Y: Marion

RAW PROPERTIES 1 .49 Water of Plasticity: 18 .1 % Working Properties: Plastic 0.23 Drying Shrinkage 5.0% Dry Strength: Good 3.52 HCL Effervescence Slight pH: 6.2 4 .14

98.68


% Linear 7. 7. Bulk 7. Bulk Shrink- Absorp- Apparent Density Absorp- Density Remarks age tion Porosity gms/cc tion gms/cc 7.5 10.8 21.6 2.00

7.5 8.3 17.3 2.09

12.5 3.6 8.4 2.30

MELTED

REMARKS: Structural clay products <e.g. building brick): 1000-105ooc. Abrupt vitrification: 11000c. HCl effervescence could cause problems.

225 LOCATION: SW1/4 NE1/4 NE1/4 sec 24, T.56N.,R.5W mUNTY: Ralls SAMPLE NO.


DESCRIPTION: Shale; 15' ±..

CHEMICAL

Si02

Al203

Fe203

MnO

eao

Temp oc

1000

1050

1100

1150

1200

1250

59.81

16.25

6.08

0.02

0.96

Munsell Color

5 YR 7/6

2.5 YR 6/8

2.5 YR 5/8

2.5 YR 4/6

MgO

Na20

K20

LOI

Total

Mohs' Hard-ness

5

5

8

8

RAW PROPERTIES

2.55 Water of Plasticity: 16.5% Working Properties: Short 0.17 Drying Shrinkage 2.5% Dry Strength: Good 4.73 HCL Effervescence Slight pH: 6.0 9.25

99.82


% Linear 7. 7. Bulk % Bulk Shrink- Absorp- Apparent Density Absorp- Density Remarks age tion Porosity gms/cc tion gms/cc 5.0 15. 1 28.5 1.89

7.5 12.3 24.4 1.98

10.0 5.5 12.3 2.04 10.0 2.9 6.0 2.23

REMARKS: Structural clay products (e.g. building brick): 1000-10500C. Abrupt vitrification: 11000c. HCl effervescence could cause problems.

SAMPLE NO.

FORMATION

226

Cheltenham

LOCATION: SE1/4 SW1/4 NW1/4 Sec 28, T.55N.,R.9W COUN'IY: f'bnroe

DESCRIPTION: Clay; stockpile sample from Coy Rives pit.




Fe203 1 .93 K20 1.17 HCL Effervescence None pH: 6.6

MnO 0.02 LOI 12. 16



Temp f'bhs' % Linear % % Bulk % Bulk oc Munsell Hard- Shrink- Absorp- Apparent Density Absorp- Density Remarks


1000 5 YR 9/1 4 5.0 15. 1 28.9 1.92

1050 5 YR 9/1 5 5.0 14. 1 27.5 1 .95

1100 5 YR 9/1 6.5 7.5 10.0 21.0 2.09

1150 2.5 Y 8.5/2 6.5 10.0 7.6 16.9 2.22

1200 2.5 Y 8.5/2 7.0 10.0 6.3 14.2 2.27

1250 2.5 Y 8.5/2 7.0 10.0 5.3 12.3 2.31

REMARKS: Structural clay products (e.g. building brick): 1000-125ooc. Excellent firing range.

CERAMIC AND CHEMICAL PROPERTIES OF SELECTED NORTH …

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