Centre for Science and Environment, New Delhi WATER SCENARIO IN JHARKHAND Centre for Science and...
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Transcript of Centre for Science and Environment, New Delhi WATER SCENARIO IN JHARKHAND Centre for Science and...
Centre for Science and Environment, New Delhi
WATER SCENARIO IN JHARKHAND
Centre for Science and EnvironmentNew Delhi
• Area – 79,714 sq km• Population - 26.9 million
(Growth rate is 23.19 per cent)
• Urban - 5.9 million (21 percent)– 152 towns– 39,386 average population
• Rural - 20.9 million (79 per cent)– 32,615 villages– 642 average population
JHARKHAND: AT A GLANCE
• Annual average rainfall 1400 mm
• Water harvesting potential = 112 TMC(Area x amount of rainfall = volume of water received)
WATER RESOURCES
• 16 river basins • Total replenishable groundwater resources in
1998 was 0.660 million hectares metres per year • Provision for domestic, industrial and other uses -
0.099 mhm/year• Available groundwater resource for irrigation -
0.561mhm/year (net)• Groundwater extraction - 0.121 mhm/year (net draft)• Balance Ground Water Resources for Future Use in
net terms - 0.439 mhm/year
WATER RESOURCES
• Fresh water sources• Ponds and tanks – 29,335 (30300.07 hectares)• Reservoirs – 106 (107351 ha)• Low lying areas – 1038 ha• Traditional water harvesting systems - Ahar
WATER RESOURCES
INFERENCE: WATER IN ABUNDANCE
REALITY?
WATER PROBLEMS!!• 90 – 95 per cent of the rainfall is wasted as untapped runoff
• Depleting groundwater
• 22 districts – the entire state were affected by drought in 2002
• Floods affected 150,000 lives
• 113 blocks of 13 districts - drought conditions prevailed in 2003
• Surface and groundwater contamination (biological, heavy metals – fluoride, manganese, nickel and sulphate)
100 mm of rain captured on 1 hectare of land gives you, believe it or not, one million litres of water.
• 1400 mm of rain on 1 hectare 14 million litres of water
• Jharkhand = 1400 mm rainfall in 79,714 sq km = 112 TMC (50 per cent being harvested 56 TMC or 56000000000000 litres
• Urban = 12.28 TMC ; Rural = 43.5 TMC
RAINWATER HARVESTING POTENTIAL