Cement Kilns Canadian Experience Prepared for the CEC North American Strategy for Catalyzing...

Cement KilnsCanadian Experience

Prepared for the CEC North American Strategy for Catalyzing Cooperation on Dioxins, Furans and HCBSource Control WorkshopApril 17-18, 2008Leon, Guanajuato, Mexico

DRAFT – – April 21, 2023

Canadian Cement Sector

White cement plant

Lehigh, Delta, BC

Lafarge,Richmond, BC

Lafarge Kamloops, BC

Lehigh,Exshaw, AB

Lafarge,Edmonton, AB

St. Lawrence Cement, Mississauga, ON

Lafarge, Bath, ON

Essroc, Picton, ONLafarge, Woodstock, ON

Federal White, Woodstock, ON

St Marys, Bowmanville, ON

St Marys, St Marys, ON

Ciment Québec,St. Basil, QC

Ciment St-Laurent,Joliette, QC

Lafarge, St-Constant, QC

Lafarge, Brookfield, NS

Gray cement plants

Ciment CemcoGrenville-s-la-Rge, QC

Production: 14.2 million tonnes clinkerValue: $1.66 billionExports: $0.4 billion (to the US primarily)Employment: 2,300

16 Grey Cement Plants: -British-Columbia (3), Alberta (2), Ontario (6), Quebec (4), Nova-Scotia (1)1 White Cement Plant: -Ontario (1)


Canadian Cement Sector

• 17 cement manufacturing facilities across the country– 16 produce grey cement– 1 produces white cement

• Range of processes:– wet kilns– long dry kilns– preheater dry kilns– precalciner-preheater dry kilns

• Capacity of clinker kilns range from 0.2 to 2 million tonnes/yr• Fuel use is primarily coal and petroleum coke. Select facilities are using

alternative fuels:– Tire derived fuel (TDF), waste oils, woodwastes, etc.


D/F and HCB Sector Data

• 2006 cement sector releases : – Dioxins/furans: 3.8 grams ITEQ– HCB: 1038 grams– Source: National Pollutant Release Inventory,

http://www.ec.gc.ca/pdb/npri/npri_home_e.cfm

• Available test data for cement facilities show emission concentrations in the range of:

– 3 pg/m3 to 158 pg/m3

– Only 1 emission test above 80 pg ITEQ/m3 (the lowest emission established in Canada)


Canadian Approach

• National Guidelines for the Use of Hazardous and Non-Hazardous Wastes as Supplementary Fuels in Cement Kilns, 1996, Canadian Council of Ministers of the Environment

– The Guidelines set minimum national standards for PCDD/DF:▪ 0.5 ng/Rm3 for existing facilities▪ 0.1 ng/Rm3 for new facilities▪ Reference conditions are 250C, 101.3 kPa, corrected to 11% O2

– Recommend:▪ Continuous monitoring of temperature, oxygen and carbon monoxide▪ Annual emission testing of PCDD/DF

• Facility specific operating permits:– Preheater kiln processing alternative fuels: 0.2 ng/m3

– Precalciner/preheater kiln processing alternative fuels: 0.1 ng/m3

• Cement facilities are required to report releases of dioxins/furans and HCB annually to the National Pollutant Release Inventory (NPRI)


Current Priorities

• Government of Canada has announced its intent to reduce emissions of greenhouse gases (GHGs) and air pollutants (APs) from industrial sectors, including cement manufacturing 1 :

– Regulations under the Canadian Environmental Protection Act, 1999 (CEPA 1999)

– Environmental Code of Practice under CEPA 1999, which could include environmental performance standards for pollutants of concern

• Gathering information from the cement industry through a Section 71 notice under CEPA 1999:

– Request for 2006 data on total facility emissions, including emission concentrations of dioxins/furans.

1 Government of Canada, Canada Gazette Part I, Notice of intent to develop and implement regulations and other measures to reduce air emissions, October 21, 2006.

2 Government of Canada, Canada Gazette Part I, Notice with respect to reporting of information on air pollutants, greenhouse gases and other substances for the 2006 calendar year, December 8, 2007


Effectiveness/ Lessons Learned

• Currently available emission concentration data indicates emissions are below existing CCME guidelines

– Annual sector releases appear to stay within a similar range, year to year (~1 to 4 grams ITEQ)

• Expect to learn more through collection of dioxins/furans data under the Clean Air Section 71 notice


For More Information

Mr. Carl Chenier

Head, Cement and Lime Unit

Environment Canada, Mining and Processing

Tel: 819-956-5995

Email: [email protected]

Or

Ms. Sarah Ternan

Tel: 819-994-2473

Email: [email protected]

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