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1 2006 Nokia automatedBSConfiguration.ppt/ 2006-07-19/ MHa

Aut om ated Base Stat ion Configurat ion(Aut om atic Estab lishm ent of IP Connecti vit y for 3G Base Stat ion Com mi ssion ing and Recovery)

Dr.-Ing. Markus Hauenstein, Nokia Networks, R&D Center Dsseldor f

Dipl .-Ing. Andreas Wannenwetsch, Nokia Netw orks, R&D Center Dsseldor f

Chont icha Vathani yakul, RWTH Aachen

Prof.-Dr. Petri Mhnen, RWTH Aachen

Dipl.-Ing. Marina Petrova, RWTH Aachen

2 2006 Nokia automatedBSConfiguration.ppt / 2006-07-19/ MHa

Outline

UMTS architecture

RAN topology

Problem: Time consuming and expensive Base Station (BS) commissioning

Solut ion: Automated BS configuration

Automated BS configuration process

Proof-of-Concept

Conclusion

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RNC

3GBTS

RNC

3GBTS

3GBTS

3GBTS

MS

MSC/VLR

SGSN

GMSC

GGSN

HLR

PSTN/

ISDN

PSTN/

ISDN

InternetInternet

RAN CN

UMTS Architecture (Rel-99)

Iub

Iu r

Iu_cs

Iu _ps

WCDMA


RAN Transport Topology

RNC

RNC

RNC

RNC

Chain

Tree

Ring

PDH (in most cases)

PDH over microwave

SDH/SONET

Soon: Ethernet

Star

PSTN/ISDN

PSTN/

ISDN

InternetInternet

Core NetworkBS

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IP-basedManagement Plane

RNC

RNC

Server

IPNetwork

IPNetwork

10.3.3.0/24

10.3.5.024 10.3.6.0/24 10.3.7.0/24 10.3.8.0/24

10.3.4.0/2410.3.2.0/24

10.0.1.0/24

10.4.2.0/24 10.4.4.0/24

10.4.3.0/24

10.4.1.0/24

Several IP hosts in oneBS and at BS site

One IP subnet per BSand RNC

IP router in BS andRNC

10.3. 1.0/24

RNC

RNC

10.2.2.0/24

10.2.3.0/24

10.2.4.0/24

10.2.1.0/24

10.1.5.0/24

10.1.4.0/24

10.1.2.0/24

10.1.3.0/24

10.1. 1.0/24

BS


Problem

Up to several 1000 Base Stations in

the Radio Access Network (RAN).

Some Base Stations may be even faraway in remote areas

takes long time to get to the sites

and to configure the BS

Skilled personnel needed to do

commissioning on-site

very expensive

Berlin

Stut tgart

Munich

Frankfurt

Dsseldorf

Bremen

Hamburg

Dresden

Wrzburg

Solution:

See next slides

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Automated configu ration of a Base Stat ion

Plug and Play Base Station:

A new Base Station (BS) is delivered to the site.

All cables are connected.

BS is powered on.

BS configures itself automaticallyto get the IPconnectivity for network management.

BS automatically accesses the configuration server anddownloads its specific configuration file (created during

network planning phase and stored on the configuration

server beforehand).

BS takes the configuration file into use.

Now the BS is configured with its planned settings.

Configuration

Server

RNC

Upstream BS

(configured)

Downstream BS

(not configured)

IPNetwork

IPNetwork

IPoATM

IPoATM


Aut om ated BS Configurat ion: Overview

IPNetwork

IPNetwork

10.1.2.0/24

10.1.1.0/24

10.0.1.0/24

Step 1

L1 & L2Probing

IPNetwork

IPNetwork

10.1.2.0/24

10.1.1.0/24

10.0.1.0/24

Step 2

IP

Connec-

tivity

IPNetwork

IPNetwork

10.1.1.0/24

10.0.1.0/24

10.1.2.0/24

Step 3

Download

ConfigFile

Parameter 1 =

Parameter 2 =

IPNetwork

IPNetwork

10.1.2.0/24

10.1.1.0/24

10.0.1.0/24

10.1.3.0/24

Step 4

Activate

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RFC-2684

AAL5ATM

IMA

E1/T1

IP

UDP

DHCPClient

RFC-2684

AAL5ATM

IMA

E1/T1

IPRFC-2684

AAL5ATM

IMA

E1/T1

UDP

DHCP Server

TCP

FTPClient

RFC-2684

AAL5ATM

IMAE1/T1

IP

L2/L1 L2/L1

IP

TCP

FTPServer

The new BTS is not configured.

The new BTS uses a trial and error method to get Layer-1 and Layer-2 connectivity by trying out any

reasonable combination (there could be hundreds!) of PHY and IMA settings. This process stops when there is no active alarm anymore (e.g. Loss-of-Signal, Loss-of-Frame,Loss-of-Cell-Delineation).

ATM and AAL5 may have default values (e.g. VPI, VCI = 1, 32).

Step 1: Layer-1 & Layer-2 Connection

IP NetworkIP Network

ConfigurationServer

Upstream BS

(configured)

Downstream BS

(not configured)

RNC


RFC-2684

AAL5ATM

IMA

E1/T1

IP

UDP

DHCPClient

RFC-2684

AAL5ATM

IMA

E1/T1

IPRFC-2684

AAL5ATM

IMA

E1/T1

UDP

DHCP Server

TCP

FTPClient

RFC-2684

AAL5

ATM

IMAE1/T1

IP

L2/L1 L2/L1

IP

TCP

FTPServer


The configured upstream BS acts as a DHCP (BOOTP) server and the unconfigured downstream BS acts as aDHCP (BOOTP) client (some adaptations are needed to make DHCP or BOOTP run across a P2P link).

The upstream BS assigns an IP address from its own subnet to the downstream BS.

The downstream BS configures the upstream BS as default router, and the upstream BS configures a host routeto the downstream BS.

Thus the downstream BS temporarily becomes a member of the subnet of the upstream BS and has immediatelyIP connectivity to the configuration server. There is no need to update routing tables in other routers.

Step 2: IP Connectivity ConfigurationServer

Upstream BS

(configured)

Downstream BS

(not configured)

RNC

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RFC-2684

AAL5

ATM

IMAE1/T1

IPUDP

DHCPClient

RFC-2684

AAL5

ATM

IMAE1/T1

IP

RFC-2684

AAL5

ATM

IMAE1/T1

UDP

DHCP Server

TCP

FTPClient

RFC-2684

AAL5

ATMIMA

E1/T1

IP

L2/L1 L2/L1

IP

TCP

FTPServer


Via DHCP, the downstream BS has also learned the IP address of the configuration server.

On the configuration server, there is a specific configuration file for the downstream BS. This configuration file is

a result of network planning, which has been done beforehand. The pathname may contain a unique BS hardware identifier. The BS can read its hardware identifier andconstruct the pathname from this. Alternatively, the pathname can also be included in the DHCP reply.

The downstream opens an FTP session and downloads its specific configuration file from the configuration server.

Step 3: Configuration File Dow nload ConfigurationServer

Upstream BS

(configured)

Downstream BS

(not configured)

RNC


RFC-2684

AAL5

ATM

IMAE1/T1

IPRFC-2684

AAL5

ATM

IMAE1/T1

UDP

DHCP Server

RFC-2684

AAL5

ATMIMA

E1/T1

IP

L2/L1 L2/L1

IP

TCP

FTPServer


The new BS operates now with its planned settings.

The new BS has now its own IP subnet according to network planning.

The new BS has now IP routing functionality (for the management plane).

The new BS can now act as upstream BTS for another downstream BS, which is not yet configured.

Step 4: Activate Configuration File

RFC-2684

AAL5

ATMIMA

E1/T1

IP

RFC-2684

AAL5

ATMIMA

E1/T1

UDP

DHCP Server

ConfigurationServer

Upstream BS

(configured)

Downstream BS

(now configured)

RNC

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Proof-of-Concept

PoCwas done in t he context of a dip loma thesis. AXCwas used as platform. AXCis the embedded transport

node of the Nokia UltraSite 3G base station.

Coding was done in CORBA Script and C/C++.

More than 1000 Layer-1/Layer-2 configurat ions were

autom atically tested: One AXC(upstream) was cont rolled by

a script which loaded the different configurations, and asecond AXC(downstream) had to find ou t a compatible

configuration autom atically. Convergence was achieved in allcases.

3 AXCwere available to model RAN star, chain and ring

topologies. 1 AXCwas already configured, the other tw o wereunconfigured. A fourth AXCacted as configurat ion server.

Automated configuration (Layer-1, Layer-2, IP connectivi tyw ith lending IP address via BOOTP, FTP dow nload and

activation of specific configurat ion fi le) worked in all cases.

AXC


Conclusion

After Base Station (BS) installat ion done by assemblymen, skilled technicians need tovisit t he BS site for commissioning t asks.

This on-site BS commissioning is time consuming and expensive.

A method for autom ated BS commissioning was presented, so that a site visit o fskilled technicians is unnecessary.

No prior physical, data link or IP layer configurat ion in a new BS is needed.

A Proof-of-Concept implementation demonstrates that the method works.

The same m ethod i s also applicable for BS recovery: When a BS looses itsmanagement connection (e.g. because of remote misconfigurat ion), it can revert tothe not-configured state.

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