Cellular Respiration and Photosynthesis - · PDF fileCellular Respiration: • You learned...
Transcript of Cellular Respiration and Photosynthesis - · PDF fileCellular Respiration: • You learned...
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Cellular Respiration and Photosynthesis
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•_____________ processes are the chemical processes that occur in all living things. •Two of these processes are _____________ _____________ and _____________. They are both controlled by _____________. •_____________ ______________ is carried out by _____________ organisms. •______________ is carried out by _____________ _____________ and some single-celled organisms.
Euglena
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II. Cellular Respiration: • You learned that when you eat foods that are
carbohydrates (bread and pasta) they are broken down by your ____________ ______________.
• They are broken down into ____________ ____________ (glucose)
• The bonds of glucose are then broken by a series of ____________ ______________ _____________ to form energy.
• This energy is captured into the bonds of the High Energy Molecule known as ____________ (Adenosine Triphosphate)
• This energy is used by the organism for it’s ______________ ______________
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Diagram of ATP
II A. The ATP/ADP Cycle: •ATP and ADP are compounds that are found in all cells. •The D in ADT is for Diphosphate or ________ phosphates. •The T in ATP is for Triphosphates or ________ phosphates. •ADP and ATP are converted back and forth as a ____________ is added or removed.
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• We get energy to put the third phosphate on to ADP by burning _____________. The most common food that is burned is ____________.
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ATP 100% Renewable Energy
All living things rely on one source of energy to do all things from building molecules to flexing muscles = ATP (Adenosine Triphosphate). Breaking down ATP releases energy and cells constantly replace their ATP by attaching a spare phosphate onto ADP. The energy from that comes from food we eat (animals) or make (plants). Enzymes control the breaking and making of ATP
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II. B Two Types of Respiration: • There are two ways to burn glucose (two types of
respiration) • Anaerobic Respiration does NOT use
____________. This is also called ____________.
• Aerobic Respiration USES _____________ II. C Anaerobic Respiration (fermentation) • Some cells lack the _____________ necessary
for aerobic respiration and other cells like your muscle cells change to anaerobic respiration when oxygen is lacking
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•The enzymes necessary for this type of respiration are located in the ____________ of the cells. •In Anaerobic respiration ____________ is partially broken down by the ____________ to form either ____________ ____________ or ____________ _____________ and _____________. •Both of these form only ______________ ATP molecules. •____________ and ___________ ___________ cells form the lactic acid and 2 ATP. •____________ form the alcohol and carbon dioxide and 2 ATP.
Glucose 2 Lactic Acid + 2 ATP or Glucose 2 alcohol + 2CO2 + 2ATP
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II D. Aerobic Respiration: •Most organisms are more complex and need more _______________to perform their life activities than anaerobic respiration can produce. •Aerobic respiration occurs in the cell organelle called the ____________.
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•In Aerobic Respiration ____________ is completely broken down in a series of _____________ controlled reactions to form _____________ _____________ and ____________ and _________ ATP molecules.
+ 36 ATP
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II E. Comparison Chart for Aerobic and Anaerobic Respiration
Anaerobic Respiration Aerobic Respiration
1. Takes place in the __________________
Takes place in the ______________________________
2. No ______________ Requires ______________
3. Less efficient ( _______ ATP) More efficient ( _______ ATP)
4. Waste products: ____________ __________ or ______________ and _______________ ________________.
Waste products: ______________ ______________ and ______________
5. Time frame: ___________ Time frame: _____________
6. Glucose breakdown is _________________
Glucose breakdown is _______________.
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III. Photosynthesis: •The energy for life primarily comes from the _____________. •Photosynthesis is biochemical food-making process that provides a connection between the ____________ and _____________ needs of living things. •During _____________ solar energy is used to combine _____________ molecules of ____________ _____________ and ____________ into energy rich organic compounds such as ____________.
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• This process releases ____________ into the environment.
• Photosynthesis is a type of nutrition called ___________ nutrition. III A. Location for Photosynthesis • Green _____________ cells and and some __________ celled organisms contain ____________ this organelle is involved in the process of ___________. • ____________ are located mainly in the _________ of green plants.
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• ___________ are located in the cytoplasm and contain the green pigment _____________. • ___________ along with ____________ are necessary for the food-making process of ____________. • The __________ is considered the ‘food factory’ of photosynthetic plants. •The leaf has many ____________ ____________ that make it well adapted for the process of photosynthesis
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A. Leaves are arranged on stems, so that they can receive the maximum ____________ absorption
B. Leaves have ____________ and _________ __________ for gas exchange.
C. The majority of chloroplasts are located in the __________ __________.
D. ___________ __________ are bean shaped structures located around stomates which contain ____________ and ___________ the opening and closing of the stomates.
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Leaf cross section
Stomata and guard cells
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III b. Chemistry of Photosynthesis: • Photosynthesis involves ____________ __________ in which __________ __________ and __________ are converted into sugar molecules. ___________ gas is a by-product. • Besides __________ photosynthesis also requires ____________ and __________.
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+ + +
Sexy Sally Sun
Phyll the Chlorophyll Molecule Splits H2O to give off O2
NADP Train A carrier molecule that picks up H2 and combines It with CO2 to make PGAL, a sugar which will then Form the sugar glucose
6 6 6 12
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III c. Factors that influence The Rate of Photosynthesis: • Photosynthesis occurs best at 350 Celsius. Above this _________ the enzymes are destroyed (denatured)
• __________ intensity. •____________ ____________ increases the rate up to a point. •__________ shortage decreases photosynthesis.
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The End