Cells; The Basic Units of Life. Cell Theory All Living things are made of cells The cell is the...
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Transcript of Cells; The Basic Units of Life. Cell Theory All Living things are made of cells The cell is the...
![Page 1: Cells; The Basic Units of Life. Cell Theory All Living things are made of cells The cell is the basic unit of life All cells come from other living.](https://reader035.fdocuments.in/reader035/viewer/2022062321/56649dea5503460f94ae5731/html5/thumbnails/1.jpg)
Cells; The Basic Units of Life
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Cell Theory
• All Living things are made of cells• The cell is the basic unit of life• All cells come from other living things
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#1 What are the three parts to the cell theory?
• All living things are made of cells• The cell is the basic unit of life• All cells come from preexisting
cells
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Types of Cells
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#2 What are the two types of cells and why are there two types?
• Eukaryotic- because they have nuclei
• Prokaryotic- they DON’T have nuclei
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Major Organelles of the Cell
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#3 What is the protective covering of all cells called?
• Cell Membrane
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#4 What is the second protective covering of some cells called?
• Cell Wall
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#5 What is the control center of the cell called?
• The nucleus is the control center of the cell.
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#6 What is the organelle located inside the nucleus that is responsible for making ribosomes called?
• Nucleolus
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#7 What is the organelle called that is responsible for transporting nutrients?
• Endoplasmic reticulum
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#8 What is the storage area of a cell called?
• Vacuole
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#9 What structure is responsible for breaking down molecules.
• Golgi Apparatus or Golgi Bodies
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#10 What structure traps the sunlight for energy and what type of cell is it found in?
• It is the chloroplast, commonly found in plant, algae, and some bacteria cells
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#11 What is the powerhouse of the cell called?
• Mitochondria
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#12 What stores nutrients and pigments in plant cells?
• Plastids are like small vacuoles. They hold the leftover nutrients and pigments.
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Cell MembraneAllows few things to enter the cell.Allows many things to exit the cell.
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#13 What are the functions of the cell membrane?
• Protection of organelles inside the cell
• Permeation of substances• Gives the cell its shape
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#14 What does permeable mean?
• Stuff can enter or exit the cell
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Cell Wall (bacteria)
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Cell Wall (plant cell)
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Cell Wall (algae)
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#15 What three types of cells contain a cell membrane and a cell wall?
• Plant cells• Algae cells• Some bacteria cells
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Nucleus
• The control center of the cell.• It has its own protective membrane.• It is responsible for the overall
function of the cell. (The Brain of the Cell)
• The nucleolus makes new ribosomes.
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#16 What is the function of the nucleus?
• It controls all functions of the cell. It is considered the brain of the cell.
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Nucleus
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#17 What regulates permeation of the nucleus?
• The nuclear envelope; which is a membrane around the nucleus only. It has small pores in it to allow information and ribosomes to leave the nucleus, but keeps everything else from entering the nucleus.
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Cytoplasm
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#18 What is the function of cytoplasm?
• It keeps all the organelles protected.
• It gives the cell its shape.
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MitochondriaResponsible for converting food to
energy
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#19 What is the function of mitochondria?
• It is the powerhouse of the cell because it converts nutrients into energy.
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ChloroplastResponsible for converting sunlight into energy
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#20 What is the function of chloroplasts?
• It is responsible for trapping sunlight for energy.
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Ribosomes
Responsible for assembling proteins.
Located throughout the cytoplasm.Also found on the endoplasmic
reticulum.
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#21 Where are ribosomes found?
• They’re found on endoplasmic reticulum as well as in the cytoplasm.
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#22 What is the function of ribosomes?
• They assemble nutrients into molecules of protein to be used by the mitochondria.
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Endoplasmic ReticulumTransports nutrients throughout the cell
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#23 What is the function of er?
• It transports materials to be used throughout the cell.
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#24 What is the difference between smooth er and rough er?
• Smooth er does not have ribosome on it.
• Rough er has ribosomes found on it.
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LysosomesResponsible for cleaning the inside of the
cell.
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#25 What is a lysosome?
• It is the cleaning organelle. It breaks up all the waste and dead material found in the cell.
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Golgi ApparatusStorage area for proteins
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#26 What is the function of the Golgi Apparatus?
• It breaks down large molecules so that they can be utilized throughout the cell.
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VacuolesStorage for nutrients in plant and animal cells
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#27 What is the function of a vacuole?
• It stores all nutrients and reserve energy.
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Plastids
Stores food and pigments in plant cells.
Functions the same as a vacuole.Sometimes the chloroplast may be a
plastid because it stores sunlight.Leukocytes are good examples of
plastids.
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#28 What is the function of a plastid?
• It is a secondary storage area responsible for holding extra nutrients that the vacuole can’t hold, as well as pigments.
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#29 What organelle is sometimes just like a plastid? Why?
• The chloroplast is sometimes like a plastid because it holds the sunlight until it can be used.
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