Cells – Section 1Cells – Section 1The World of CellsThe World of Cells

A.A. Cells help living Cells help living creatures with activities creatures with activities of life such as of life such as movement, growth, and movement, growth, and reproduction.reproduction.

A.A. The cell theory The cell theory developed after Robert developed after Robert Hooke invented the Hooke invented the microscope in 1665microscope in 1665

B.B. All living things are All living things are made of cellsmade of cells

C.C. The cell is the basic unit The cell is the basic unit of lifeof life

D.D. All cells come from cells All cells come from cells that already exist.that already exist.

Bacteria are one-celled Bacteria are one-celled organisms; larger organisms; larger organisms are made of organisms are made of many cells, sometimes many cells, sometimes trillions of cells.trillions of cells.

A microscope's A microscope's magnification is found magnification is found by multiplying the by multiplying the powers of the eye piece powers of the eye piece and the objective lens.and the objective lens.

Cells are composed Cells are composed of parts that do of parts that do specific jobs.specific jobs.– The flexible cell The flexible cell

membrane is the membrane is the boundary of the cell boundary of the cell and helps control and helps control what enters and what enters and exits the cell.exits the cell.

– Some cells have cell Some cells have cell walls that help walls that help support and protect support and protect the cell.the cell.

Cytoplasm is a gelatinlike substance Cytoplasm is a gelatinlike substance containing many chemicals the cell containing many chemicals the cell needs.needs.

Specialized cell parts called organelles Specialized cell parts called organelles do various jobs within a cell.do various jobs within a cell.

The nucleus contains hereditary material The nucleus contains hereditary material called chromosomes.called chromosomes.

Vacuoles are storage organelles for food, Vacuoles are storage organelles for food, water, and wastes.water, and wastes.

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Inside the mitochondria, cellular Inside the mitochondria, cellular respiration uses oxygen to convert respiration uses oxygen to convert food energy into a form the cell can food energy into a form the cell can use.use.

1. Waste products of cellular 1. Waste products of cellular respiration are carbon dioxide and respiration are carbon dioxide and water. water.

2. Leaf cells in plants contain 2. Leaf cells in plants contain chloroplasts that help the cell make chloroplasts that help the cell make its own food through photosynthesis.its own food through photosynthesis.