Cells in Series and Parallel Cells in Series and Parallel (page 310)(page 310)

10.710.7

Cells in Series and ParallelCells in Series and ParallelDry cells can be connected together into two Dry cells can be connected together into two

basic types of circuits: basic types of circuits: series circuitsseries circuits and and parallel circuitsparallel circuits..

Series circuits:Series circuits: (cells in series) (cells in series)

The advantage of connecting cells in series is The advantage of connecting cells in series is that it increases the electric potential that it increases the electric potential (voltage) produced at the output terminals (voltage) produced at the output terminals of the batteries: as the electron travels of the batteries: as the electron travels through the consecutive batteries, it gets through the consecutive batteries, it gets an additional boost of energy increasing its an additional boost of energy increasing its voltage.voltage.

In aIn a parallel circuitparallel circuit, cells are connected side , cells are connected side

by side, or in parallel to increase the by side, or in parallel to increase the electric charge. the electron flow through electric charge. the electron flow through only one cell before passing through the only one cell before passing through the load (resistor).load (resistor).

Therefore, the electric potential (voltage) of Therefore, the electric potential (voltage) of the electron remains the same as if there the electron remains the same as if there were only one cell in the circuit…were only one cell in the circuit…

But the duration of time the load will operate But the duration of time the load will operate is directly related to the number of cells in is directly related to the number of cells in the circuit.the circuit.

Ex:*Ex:* With two cells there is twice as much With two cells there is twice as much electric energy available; therefore the load electric energy available; therefore the load can operate twice as long before running can operate twice as long before running out of energy.out of energy.

Cells in Series and ParallelCells in Series and Parallel

Series and Parallel Circuits Series and Parallel Circuits (10.13)(10.13)

There are 2 basic kinds of electric There are 2 basic kinds of electric circuits: Series and Parallel.circuits: Series and Parallel.

Series CircuitsSeries Circuits

Series: circuit is wired in one single Series: circuit is wired in one single path.path.

Ex:Ex: Christmas lights, if one bulb burns Christmas lights, if one bulb burns out, all the lights have to be checked out, all the lights have to be checked to find the burned out bulb.to find the burned out bulb.

Parallel CircuitsParallel Circuits

Parallel: Circuit passes through Parallel: Circuit passes through separate circuits called separate circuits called branch branch circuitscircuits. Because each bulb is . Because each bulb is connected to its own branch circuit, connected to its own branch circuit, it does not affect the other bulbs.it does not affect the other bulbs.