Cells and the Origin of Cell Theory. History of the Cell Theory Before microscopes, belief in...
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Transcript of Cells and the Origin of Cell Theory. History of the Cell Theory Before microscopes, belief in...
![Page 1: Cells and the Origin of Cell Theory. History of the Cell Theory Before microscopes, belief in supernatural causes of diseases Could not see microorganisms.](https://reader030.fdocuments.in/reader030/viewer/2022032604/56649e5e5503460f94b578f4/html5/thumbnails/1.jpg)
Cells and the Origin of Cell Theory
![Page 2: Cells and the Origin of Cell Theory. History of the Cell Theory Before microscopes, belief in supernatural causes of diseases Could not see microorganisms.](https://reader030.fdocuments.in/reader030/viewer/2022032604/56649e5e5503460f94b578f4/html5/thumbnails/2.jpg)
History of the Cell Theory
• Before microscopes, belief in supernatural causes of diseases
• Could not see microorganisms
• What branch of biology?
• Cells = basic units of living organisms
![Page 3: Cells and the Origin of Cell Theory. History of the Cell Theory Before microscopes, belief in supernatural causes of diseases Could not see microorganisms.](https://reader030.fdocuments.in/reader030/viewer/2022032604/56649e5e5503460f94b578f4/html5/thumbnails/3.jpg)
Microscopes
• Originally a hand lens to view quality of cloth
• Anton van Leeuwenhoek (mid-1600s) first to examine water under microscope
• Credited with development of light microscope
![Page 4: Cells and the Origin of Cell Theory. History of the Cell Theory Before microscopes, belief in supernatural causes of diseases Could not see microorganisms.](https://reader030.fdocuments.in/reader030/viewer/2022032604/56649e5e5503460f94b578f4/html5/thumbnails/4.jpg)
Anton von Leeuwenhoek’s Microscope
![Page 5: Cells and the Origin of Cell Theory. History of the Cell Theory Before microscopes, belief in supernatural causes of diseases Could not see microorganisms.](https://reader030.fdocuments.in/reader030/viewer/2022032604/56649e5e5503460f94b578f4/html5/thumbnails/5.jpg)
Improvements• Compound light
microscope- series of lens to magnify objects (1500x)
• Robert Hooke used one to observe cork magnified 30x
• Observed small geometric shapes
• Dubbed these cells (resembled monk rooms)
![Page 6: Cells and the Origin of Cell Theory. History of the Cell Theory Before microscopes, belief in supernatural causes of diseases Could not see microorganisms.](https://reader030.fdocuments.in/reader030/viewer/2022032604/56649e5e5503460f94b578f4/html5/thumbnails/6.jpg)
Hooke’s Microscope
![Page 7: Cells and the Origin of Cell Theory. History of the Cell Theory Before microscopes, belief in supernatural causes of diseases Could not see microorganisms.](https://reader030.fdocuments.in/reader030/viewer/2022032604/56649e5e5503460f94b578f4/html5/thumbnails/7.jpg)
Cell Theory
• 1830’s German scientist Matthias Schleiden realized that plants made up of cells
• Theodore Schwann made same determination of animals
• = Cell Theory
![Page 8: Cells and the Origin of Cell Theory. History of the Cell Theory Before microscopes, belief in supernatural causes of diseases Could not see microorganisms.](https://reader030.fdocuments.in/reader030/viewer/2022032604/56649e5e5503460f94b578f4/html5/thumbnails/8.jpg)
• Many resources (including your book) give only credit to Scleiden and Schwann
• Original third tenet was spontaneous generation
• Rudolph Virchow - "Omnis cellula e cellula”
![Page 9: Cells and the Origin of Cell Theory. History of the Cell Theory Before microscopes, belief in supernatural causes of diseases Could not see microorganisms.](https://reader030.fdocuments.in/reader030/viewer/2022032604/56649e5e5503460f94b578f4/html5/thumbnails/9.jpg)
Cell Theory
• All organisms are composed of one or more cells
• The cell is the basic unit of organization of organisms
• All cells come from preexisting cells
![Page 10: Cells and the Origin of Cell Theory. History of the Cell Theory Before microscopes, belief in supernatural causes of diseases Could not see microorganisms.](https://reader030.fdocuments.in/reader030/viewer/2022032604/56649e5e5503460f94b578f4/html5/thumbnails/10.jpg)
Recent Developments• 1940’s were able to use
beam of electrons instead of light
• 500 000x• Electron microscope• Scanning Electron
Microscope • Transmission Electron
Microscope
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Scanning Electron Microscope
• SEM
• Electrons are reflected off the surface of the specimen
• 3D shape
![Page 12: Cells and the Origin of Cell Theory. History of the Cell Theory Before microscopes, belief in supernatural causes of diseases Could not see microorganisms.](https://reader030.fdocuments.in/reader030/viewer/2022032604/56649e5e5503460f94b578f4/html5/thumbnails/12.jpg)
• http://micro.magnet.fsu.edu/primer/virtual/virtual.html
• http://www.mos.org/sln/SEM/gallery.html
![Page 13: Cells and the Origin of Cell Theory. History of the Cell Theory Before microscopes, belief in supernatural causes of diseases Could not see microorganisms.](https://reader030.fdocuments.in/reader030/viewer/2022032604/56649e5e5503460f94b578f4/html5/thumbnails/13.jpg)
Transmission Electron Microscope
• TEM
• Allows to see inside of cell
• Electrons pass through instead of light
• http://nobelprize.org/physics/educational/microscopes/tem/
![Page 14: Cells and the Origin of Cell Theory. History of the Cell Theory Before microscopes, belief in supernatural causes of diseases Could not see microorganisms.](https://reader030.fdocuments.in/reader030/viewer/2022032604/56649e5e5503460f94b578f4/html5/thumbnails/14.jpg)
Size Comparison
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Prokaryote vs. Eukaryote
• With the invention of microscopes, scientists could see two groups of cells
• Prokaryotes
• Eukaryotes
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Prokaryote
• 1-10 m in diameter
• NO membrane-bound organelles
• 1 circular DNA molecule located in nucleoid region
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• Plasma membrane, cytoplasm & ribosomes
• Most have a cell wall (peptidoglycan)
• May have a polysaccharide capsule
–Ex. bacteria & cyanobacteria
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Prokaryotic Cell
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Eukaryote• 10-100 m in diameter • Nucleus & other membrane-
bound organelles• 2 or more linear DNA
molecules located in nucleus• Plasma membrane,
cytoplasm & ribosomes some have a cell wall (cellulose or chitin)
Ex. plants, animals, fungi, protista
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Animal Cell
Animal Cell
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Plant Cell
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QUESTIONS?????