From Arranged Marriages to Love Letters to Cell Phones in 30 Years

Cellphones

Charmaine D. DiazII - BACA

Outline

• Definition• Timeline– Evolution of Cellphones

• Features– Uses

• Impact to society – ADVANTAGES AND DISADVANTAGES

• Market and economy• Media• People• Health

• Present news

Definitions• A mobile phone, cell phone or hand phone- is an

electronic device used to make mobile telephone calls across a wide geographic area, served by many public cells, allowing the user to be mobile. These communication devices connect to a wireless communications network through radio waves or satellite transmissions.

-A portable telephone that connects with the telephone network using radio waves

• GSM-Global System for Mobile, an international standard for mobile phones

• IP- Internet Protocol address; a sequence of numbers used to identify a particular computer or domain name on the Internet

• Wi-Fi- Wireless Fidelity, A local area network that uses high frequency radio signals to transmit and receive data over distances of a few hundred feet; uses ethernet protocol

• GPS- Global Positioning System. A navigational system involving satellites and computers that can determine the latitude and longitude of a receiver on Earth by computing the time difference for signals from different satellites to reach the receiver

• SIM Card-Subscriber Identity Module a small microchip.

Telephones and Radiophones

HISTORY• 1950- Radiophones have a long and varied history going back to

Reginald Fessenden’s invention and shore-to-ship demonstration of radio telephony, through the World war II with military use of radio telephony links and civil services.

• On June 17, 1946- The first mobile telephone call made from a car occurred St. Louis, Missouri USA using the Bell System’s Mobile Telephone Services.

Disadvantages: the system was impractical from what is considered a portable handset today. The equipment weighed 80 pounds (36 kg), and the AT&T service, basically a massive party line, it is expensive too.

Commercial Cellphones

Commercial Phones

• On April 3, 1973- Martin Cooper made the first call on a handheld mobile phone to his rival, Dr. Joel S. Engel of Bell Labs .

• Martin Cooper, is a Motorola researcher and executive is considered to be the inventor of the first practical mobile phone for handheld use in a non-vehicle setting, after a long race against Bell Labs for the first portable mobile phone.

Evolution of Cellphones

First Generation: Analog Cellular Networks (1G)

• The technology in these early networks was pushed to the limit to accommodate increasing usage. The base stations and the mobile phones utilized variable transmission power, which allowed range and cell size to vary. As the system expanded and neared capacity, the ability to reduce transmission power allowed new cells to be added, resulting in more, smaller cells and thus more capacity.

• In 1979- The first commercially automated cellular network (the 1G) was launched in Japan by NTT initially in the metropolitan area of Tokyo.

Japan became the first nationwide 1G network.• In 1981- this was followed by the simultaneous launch of the

Nordic Mobile Telephone (NMT) system in Denmark, Finland, Norway and Sweden.

NMT was the first mobile phone network featuring international roaming.

• In 1983- The first 1G network launched in the USA was Chicago-based Ameritech using the Motorola DynaTAC mobile phone.

Second Generation: Digital Mobile Communication (2G)

• These differed from the previous generation by using digital instead of analog transmission, and also fast out-of-band phone-to-network signaling. The rise in mobile phone usage as a result of 2G was explosive and this era also saw the advent of prepaid mobile phones.

• In the 1990s- the 'second generation' (2G) mobile phone systems emerged, primarily using the GSM standard.

• In 1991- The first "modern" network technology on digital 2G (second generation) cellular technology was launched by Radiolinja in Finland on the GSM standard, which also marked the introduction of competition in mobile telecoms .

• The second generation introduced a new variant of communication called SMS or text messaging.

• 3 December 1992- The first machine-generated SMS message was sent in the UK

• in 1993 - the first person-to-person SMS sent in Finland.

• In the late 1990s- The advent of prepaid services soon made SMS the communication method of choice amongst the young, a trend which spread across all ages.

• 2G introduced the ability to access media content on mobile phones.

• In 1998- the first downloadable content sold to mobile phones was the ring tone, launched by Finland's Radiolinja (now Elisa).

• In 1999- The first commercial payment system to mimic banks and credit cards was launched in the Philippines and simultaneously by mobile operators Globe and Smart.

• In 1999- The first full internet service on mobile phones was introduced by NTT DoCoMo in Japan.

• In 2000- Advertising on the mobile phone first appeared in Finland when a free daily SMS news headline service.

Third generation: High speed IP data networks and

Wideband mobile communication

• The main technological difference that distinguishes 3G technology from 2G technology is the use of packet switching rather than circuit switching for data transmission.

• May 2001- The first pre-commercial trial network with 3G was launched by NTT DoCoMo in Japan in the Tokyo region.

• October 1, 2001- NTT DoCoMo launched the first commercial 3G network

• In 2002 -the first 3G networks on the rival CDMA2000 1xEV-DO technology were launched by SK Telecom and KTF in South Korea, and Monet in the USA.

• In the mid 2000s -an evolution of 3G technology begun to be implemented, namely High-Speed Downlink packet Access(HSDPA).

Fourth generation: All-IP networks

• By 2009-it had become clear that, at some point, 3G networks would be overwhelmed by the growth of bandwidth-intensive applications like streaming media. The first two commercially available technologies billed as 4G were the WiMAX standard offered in the U.S. by Sprint and the LTE standard, first offered in Scandinavia by TealiaSonera.

• One of the main ways in which 4G differed technologically from 3G was in its elimination of circuit switching, instead employing an all-IP network. Thus, 4G ushered in a treatment of voice calls just like any other type of streaming audio media, utilizing packet switching over internet, LAN or WAN networks.

The mobile phone is often called the

• Fourth Screen: if counting cinema, TV and PC screens as the first three

• Third Screen: counting only TV and PC screens.

• It is also called the Seventh of the Mass Media: with Print, Recordings, Cinema, Radio, TV and Internet the first six.

FeaturesCommon components found on all phones are:

• A battery, typically rechargeable, providing the power source for the phone functions

• An input mechanism to allow the user to interact with the phone. Like the keypad, but touch screens are also found in some high-end smart phones.

• Basic mobile phone services to allow users to make calls and send text messages.

• All GSM phones use a SIM card to allow an account to be swapped among devices.

Other Features That May Be Found On Mobile Phones

• GPS Navigation• music (MP3) and video (MP4)

playback• RDS radio receiver• alarms• memo recording• Personal digital assistant

functions• ability to watch streaming

videos• dual line support,• infrared• Bluetooth• Wi-Fi connectivity,• instant messaging

• video download• video calling• Built-in cameras and

camcorders with autofocus and flash

• ringtones• games,• PTT• memory card reader(SD),• USB (2.0)• Internet e-mail and browsing

and serving as a wireless modem.

• mobile payments

IMPACT TO SOCIETY and ITS USES

Market and Economy

Cell phone money transfers going international

Sending money by cell phone

People

• Mobile phones help lift poor out of poverty. The United Nations has reported that mobile phones—spreading faster than any other information technology—can improve the livelihood of the poorest people in developing countries.

• Mobile phones have spawned a wealth of micro-enterprises, offering work to people with little education and few resources, such as selling airtime on the streets and repairing or refurbishing handsets.

LOVE

Media• In 1998- one of the first examples of selling media content

through the mobile phone was the sale of ringtones by Radiolinja in Finland. Soon afterwards, other media content appeared such as news, videogames, jokes, horoscopes, TV content and advertising.

• In 2006- the total value of mobile-phone-paid media content exceeded Internet-paid media content and was worth 31 billion dollars.

• In 2007- The value of music on phones was worth 9.3 billion dollars and gaming was worth over 5 billion dollars.

Restrictions and Dangers

• While Driving• In school• In work• While walking• Privacy

--A study by Motorola found that one in ten cell phone subscribers have a second phone that often is kept secret from other family members. These phones may be used to engage in activities including extramarital affairs or clandestine business dealings.

HEALTH EFFECTS

• On 31st May 2011, the World Health Organization confirmed that mobile phone radiation has a "carcinogenic hazard" and "possibly carcinogenic to humans" after a team of scientists reviewed peer-review studies on cell phone safety.

• gliomas brain cancer in the highest category of heavy users reported average: 30 minutes per day over a 10 year period.‐

• Mobile phones use electromagnetic radiation in the microwave range, which some believe may be harmful to human health.

• A mobile phone can spread infectious diseases by its frequent contact with hands. – One study came to the result that pathogenic bacteria are present on

approximately 40% of mobile phones belonging to patients in a hospital, and on approximately 20% of mobile phones belonging to hospital staff.

Trending topics

• There was an article stating that: most of the cellphone manufacturing will declare bankrupt in 2012.. Like- Nokia, Sony Ericson

• Nokia declared bankcruptcy because theyt don’t have a model which has a windows based OS.

• Samsung and Apple company is now the top star, according in the article

• A buyout of Nokia would launch Samsung into the position as the world's handset leader.

THUS:Should buyer would maintain the Microsoft relationship or

change to the popular Android OS to power Nokia phones

Resources• http://

www.smartmotorist.com/traffic-and-safety-guideline/cell-phones-and-driving-a-prescription-for-disaster.html

• http://searchdisasterrecovery.techtarget.com/tip/Disaster-recovery-planning-for-mobile-phone-users

• http://www.clicker.com/tv/cnn-money/getting-cell-phones-to-work-in-a-disaster-1928595/

• http://news.cnet.com/8301-1023_3-20061435-93.html• http://

arstechnica.com/gadgets/news/2008/12/cell-phone-money-transfers-going-international.ars

• http://lifehacker.com/175883/geek-to-live--send-and-receive-money-with-your-cell-phone

• http://www.bankrate.com/finance/savings/make-payments-by-cell-phone-1.aspx• http://

www.waccglobal.org/component/content/article/2239:cell-phones-tools-for-social-justice.html

• http://www.thebesthandphone.com/mobile-savior-application-useful-for-natural-disaster-alerts.html/mobile-savior-application-useful-for-natural-disaster-alerts-2

• Finding Love by Cell Phone | PCWorld