Cell Cell TheoryTheory

Cilia

Cell TheoryCell Theory

1.1. All organisms All organisms are made of one are made of one or more cells.or more cells.

2.2. A cell is the A cell is the smallest unit of smallest unit of life, that carries life, that carries out all 6 life out all 6 life processes.processes.

3.3. All cells come All cells come from other cells.from other cells.

Cilia

Wacky History of Cell Theory Video

- Link

Cell Structures and FunctionCell Structures and Function Cells contain specialized structures that Cells contain specialized structures that

carry out the 6 life processes.carry out the 6 life processes. These structures are called These structures are called organellesorganelles.. Most cells have the same basic Most cells have the same basic

organelles:organelles:

cell membranecell membrane

cytoplasmcytoplasm

nucleusnucleus

nuclear envelopenuclear envelope (membrane)(membrane) Two general types of cells:Two general types of cells: animal animal

cellcell

plant cellplant cell

How are cells like an egg?How are cells like an egg?

Analogy:Analogy: shell = shell =

egg white = egg white = yolk = yolk =

yolk sac = yolk sac =

cell membrane

cytoplasmnucleus

nuclear envelope

Animal CellAnimal Cell

Plant CellPlant Cell

Organelles – Parts of the Organelles – Parts of the CellCell

Organelle/Sketch Plant

Animal

Function (Job)

Plasma membrane

✔ ✔ controls what enters and leaves the cell; protection; shape

Cytoplasm

- clear fluid

✔ ✔ jelly-like fluid that fills the cell and supports the organelles; shape

Organelles – Parts of the Organelles – Parts of the CellCell

Organelle/Sketch Plant

Animal

Function (Job)

Nucleus ✔ ✔ controls the cell like a brain; contains chromosomes (DNA)

Nuclear envelope(membrane)

✔ ✔ controls what enters and leaves the nucleus

Organelles – Parts of the Organelles – Parts of the CellCell

Organelle/Sketch Plant

Animal

Function (Job)

Mitochondria ✔ ✔ changes chemicals into energy; “powerhouse” of the cell

Ribosomes ✔ ✔ makes proteins for the cell

Organelles – Parts of the Organelles – Parts of the CellCell

Organelle/Sketch Plant

Animal

Function (Job)

Endoplasmic reticulum

✔ ✔ tube-like transport system; “subway” of the cell; smooth and rough

Golgi apparatus

✔ ✔ packages and sends out proteins; “UPS” of the cell

Organelles – Parts of the Organelles – Parts of the CellCell

Organelle/Sketch Plant

Animal

Function (Job)

Vacuole ✔ ✔ stores water, food, and waste for the cell; much larger in plant cells

Cell wall ✔ No surrounds the cell membrane of the plant cell; provides support and shape

Organelles – Parts of the Organelles – Parts of the CellCell

Organelle/Sketch Plant

Animal

Function (Job)

Chloroplast ✔ No turns light energy into chemical energy during the process of photosynthesis

Lysosome ✔ ✔ stores digestive enzymes for the cell to break down food

Organelles – Parts of the Organelles – Parts of the CellCell

Organelle/Sketch Plant

Animal

Function (Job)

Centrioles No ✔ aides in cell division in animal cells (mitosis)

Now you can Cell-A-Brate!Now you can Cell-A-Brate!