Cell Structure and Function. The Cell Theory v All living things are composed of cells. v Cells are...
-
Upload
june-porter -
Category
Documents
-
view
213 -
download
0
Transcript of Cell Structure and Function. The Cell Theory v All living things are composed of cells. v Cells are...
![Page 1: Cell Structure and Function. The Cell Theory v All living things are composed of cells. v Cells are the basic units of structure and function in living.](https://reader036.fdocuments.in/reader036/viewer/2022062801/56649e2e5503460f94b1e8e7/html5/thumbnails/1.jpg)
Cell Structure and Function
![Page 2: Cell Structure and Function. The Cell Theory v All living things are composed of cells. v Cells are the basic units of structure and function in living.](https://reader036.fdocuments.in/reader036/viewer/2022062801/56649e2e5503460f94b1e8e7/html5/thumbnails/2.jpg)
The Cell Theory All living things are composed of cells.
Cells are the basic units of structure and function in living things.
All cells come from pre-existing cells.
![Page 3: Cell Structure and Function. The Cell Theory v All living things are composed of cells. v Cells are the basic units of structure and function in living.](https://reader036.fdocuments.in/reader036/viewer/2022062801/56649e2e5503460f94b1e8e7/html5/thumbnails/3.jpg)
![Page 4: Cell Structure and Function. The Cell Theory v All living things are composed of cells. v Cells are the basic units of structure and function in living.](https://reader036.fdocuments.in/reader036/viewer/2022062801/56649e2e5503460f94b1e8e7/html5/thumbnails/4.jpg)
Cell StructureMost cells have three basic structures.–cell membrane (outer boundary)
–cytoplasm (filling)–nucleus (control center)
![Page 5: Cell Structure and Function. The Cell Theory v All living things are composed of cells. v Cells are the basic units of structure and function in living.](https://reader036.fdocuments.in/reader036/viewer/2022062801/56649e2e5503460f94b1e8e7/html5/thumbnails/5.jpg)
All cells have a cell membrane and cytoplasm.
![Page 6: Cell Structure and Function. The Cell Theory v All living things are composed of cells. v Cells are the basic units of structure and function in living.](https://reader036.fdocuments.in/reader036/viewer/2022062801/56649e2e5503460f94b1e8e7/html5/thumbnails/6.jpg)
However some do not have a nucleus. These are called Prokaryotes. (bacteria)
![Page 7: Cell Structure and Function. The Cell Theory v All living things are composed of cells. v Cells are the basic units of structure and function in living.](https://reader036.fdocuments.in/reader036/viewer/2022062801/56649e2e5503460f94b1e8e7/html5/thumbnails/7.jpg)
Cells with a nucleus are called eukaryotes. (plant, animal, fungus and protists)
Nucleus
![Page 8: Cell Structure and Function. The Cell Theory v All living things are composed of cells. v Cells are the basic units of structure and function in living.](https://reader036.fdocuments.in/reader036/viewer/2022062801/56649e2e5503460f94b1e8e7/html5/thumbnails/8.jpg)
Separates and protects the cell from its surroundings.
Regulates what enters and leaves the cell.
Made of two lipid layers: (Phospholipid bilayer)
Cell Membrane
![Page 9: Cell Structure and Function. The Cell Theory v All living things are composed of cells. v Cells are the basic units of structure and function in living.](https://reader036.fdocuments.in/reader036/viewer/2022062801/56649e2e5503460f94b1e8e7/html5/thumbnails/9.jpg)
Hydro-phyllic
(Phos-phates)
Hydro-phobic
(Fatty acids)
Phospholipid Bilayer
The Cell Membrane
![Page 10: Cell Structure and Function. The Cell Theory v All living things are composed of cells. v Cells are the basic units of structure and function in living.](https://reader036.fdocuments.in/reader036/viewer/2022062801/56649e2e5503460f94b1e8e7/html5/thumbnails/10.jpg)
CytoplasmThe area between the cell membrane and nucleus.
Contains structures called organelles and each one performs a specific job.
![Page 11: Cell Structure and Function. The Cell Theory v All living things are composed of cells. v Cells are the basic units of structure and function in living.](https://reader036.fdocuments.in/reader036/viewer/2022062801/56649e2e5503460f94b1e8e7/html5/thumbnails/11.jpg)
Cytoplasm
![Page 12: Cell Structure and Function. The Cell Theory v All living things are composed of cells. v Cells are the basic units of structure and function in living.](https://reader036.fdocuments.in/reader036/viewer/2022062801/56649e2e5503460f94b1e8e7/html5/thumbnails/12.jpg)
Nucleus (Control center)
Contains DNA which are the instructions for making molecules the cell needs.
![Page 13: Cell Structure and Function. The Cell Theory v All living things are composed of cells. v Cells are the basic units of structure and function in living.](https://reader036.fdocuments.in/reader036/viewer/2022062801/56649e2e5503460f94b1e8e7/html5/thumbnails/13.jpg)
Nucleus (Control center)Directs the activities of the cell.
Surrounded by a membrane called the nuclear membrane or nuclear envelope.
![Page 14: Cell Structure and Function. The Cell Theory v All living things are composed of cells. v Cells are the basic units of structure and function in living.](https://reader036.fdocuments.in/reader036/viewer/2022062801/56649e2e5503460f94b1e8e7/html5/thumbnails/14.jpg)
Nucleus
![Page 15: Cell Structure and Function. The Cell Theory v All living things are composed of cells. v Cells are the basic units of structure and function in living.](https://reader036.fdocuments.in/reader036/viewer/2022062801/56649e2e5503460f94b1e8e7/html5/thumbnails/15.jpg)
Nucleolus
![Page 16: Cell Structure and Function. The Cell Theory v All living things are composed of cells. v Cells are the basic units of structure and function in living.](https://reader036.fdocuments.in/reader036/viewer/2022062801/56649e2e5503460f94b1e8e7/html5/thumbnails/16.jpg)
A small region of the nucleus made up of RNA and proteins.
The nucleolus makes ribosomes.
![Page 17: Cell Structure and Function. The Cell Theory v All living things are composed of cells. v Cells are the basic units of structure and function in living.](https://reader036.fdocuments.in/reader036/viewer/2022062801/56649e2e5503460f94b1e8e7/html5/thumbnails/17.jpg)
NucleolusN
ucl
eus
![Page 18: Cell Structure and Function. The Cell Theory v All living things are composed of cells. v Cells are the basic units of structure and function in living.](https://reader036.fdocuments.in/reader036/viewer/2022062801/56649e2e5503460f94b1e8e7/html5/thumbnails/18.jpg)
RibosomesFound in prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells
Protein factories.Some ribosomes are attached to the endoplasmic reticulum.
![Page 19: Cell Structure and Function. The Cell Theory v All living things are composed of cells. v Cells are the basic units of structure and function in living.](https://reader036.fdocuments.in/reader036/viewer/2022062801/56649e2e5503460f94b1e8e7/html5/thumbnails/19.jpg)
RibosomesOthers are free in the cytoplasm.
Smallest organelle.
![Page 20: Cell Structure and Function. The Cell Theory v All living things are composed of cells. v Cells are the basic units of structure and function in living.](https://reader036.fdocuments.in/reader036/viewer/2022062801/56649e2e5503460f94b1e8e7/html5/thumbnails/20.jpg)
Ribosomes
Rough ER
![Page 21: Cell Structure and Function. The Cell Theory v All living things are composed of cells. v Cells are the basic units of structure and function in living.](https://reader036.fdocuments.in/reader036/viewer/2022062801/56649e2e5503460f94b1e8e7/html5/thumbnails/21.jpg)
Endoplasmic ReticulumTwo forms
Rough ER
Smooth ER
![Page 22: Cell Structure and Function. The Cell Theory v All living things are composed of cells. v Cells are the basic units of structure and function in living.](https://reader036.fdocuments.in/reader036/viewer/2022062801/56649e2e5503460f94b1e8e7/html5/thumbnails/22.jpg)
Endoplasmic Reticulum
Smooth ER: no ribosomes are attached. Special enzymes and chemicals are stored here. Lipids (fats) are produced
![Page 23: Cell Structure and Function. The Cell Theory v All living things are composed of cells. v Cells are the basic units of structure and function in living.](https://reader036.fdocuments.in/reader036/viewer/2022062801/56649e2e5503460f94b1e8e7/html5/thumbnails/23.jpg)
Endoplasmic Reticulum
Smooth ER: also resp. for prod. of phospholipids for cell membrane.
![Page 24: Cell Structure and Function. The Cell Theory v All living things are composed of cells. v Cells are the basic units of structure and function in living.](https://reader036.fdocuments.in/reader036/viewer/2022062801/56649e2e5503460f94b1e8e7/html5/thumbnails/24.jpg)
Rough ER: has ribosomes
attached. After proteins are made in the ribosomes they are inserted in the rough ER where they can be modified.
Endoplasmic Reticulum
![Page 25: Cell Structure and Function. The Cell Theory v All living things are composed of cells. v Cells are the basic units of structure and function in living.](https://reader036.fdocuments.in/reader036/viewer/2022062801/56649e2e5503460f94b1e8e7/html5/thumbnails/25.jpg)
Rough ER: from the ER, proteins are sent to the Golgi Apparatus
Endoplasmic Reticulum
![Page 26: Cell Structure and Function. The Cell Theory v All living things are composed of cells. v Cells are the basic units of structure and function in living.](https://reader036.fdocuments.in/reader036/viewer/2022062801/56649e2e5503460f94b1e8e7/html5/thumbnails/26.jpg)
Golgi Apparatus (UPS)
modifies, collects, and packages molecules in the cell.
Also distributes the molecules to where they need to be in the cell.
![Page 27: Cell Structure and Function. The Cell Theory v All living things are composed of cells. v Cells are the basic units of structure and function in living.](https://reader036.fdocuments.in/reader036/viewer/2022062801/56649e2e5503460f94b1e8e7/html5/thumbnails/27.jpg)
Golgi Apparatus
![Page 28: Cell Structure and Function. The Cell Theory v All living things are composed of cells. v Cells are the basic units of structure and function in living.](https://reader036.fdocuments.in/reader036/viewer/2022062801/56649e2e5503460f94b1e8e7/html5/thumbnails/28.jpg)
LysosomesCleanup crews for the cell.
Lysosomes are formed in the Golgi apparatus.
![Page 29: Cell Structure and Function. The Cell Theory v All living things are composed of cells. v Cells are the basic units of structure and function in living.](https://reader036.fdocuments.in/reader036/viewer/2022062801/56649e2e5503460f94b1e8e7/html5/thumbnails/29.jpg)
Lysosomes
Contain chemicals and enzymes that digest and breakdown waste particles.
![Page 30: Cell Structure and Function. The Cell Theory v All living things are composed of cells. v Cells are the basic units of structure and function in living.](https://reader036.fdocuments.in/reader036/viewer/2022062801/56649e2e5503460f94b1e8e7/html5/thumbnails/30.jpg)
Lysosome in action:
![Page 31: Cell Structure and Function. The Cell Theory v All living things are composed of cells. v Cells are the basic units of structure and function in living.](https://reader036.fdocuments.in/reader036/viewer/2022062801/56649e2e5503460f94b1e8e7/html5/thumbnails/31.jpg)
Vacuoles (Warehouse)Storage tanks in the cell.
Store materials like water, salts, proteins, and carbohydrates.
Plants have only one big vacuole filled primarily with water.
![Page 32: Cell Structure and Function. The Cell Theory v All living things are composed of cells. v Cells are the basic units of structure and function in living.](https://reader036.fdocuments.in/reader036/viewer/2022062801/56649e2e5503460f94b1e8e7/html5/thumbnails/32.jpg)
Vacuoles (Warehouse)
![Page 33: Cell Structure and Function. The Cell Theory v All living things are composed of cells. v Cells are the basic units of structure and function in living.](https://reader036.fdocuments.in/reader036/viewer/2022062801/56649e2e5503460f94b1e8e7/html5/thumbnails/33.jpg)
CytoskeletonThe framework of the cell.
Made of microfilaments and microtubules
Provide support and are often involved in cell movement.
![Page 34: Cell Structure and Function. The Cell Theory v All living things are composed of cells. v Cells are the basic units of structure and function in living.](https://reader036.fdocuments.in/reader036/viewer/2022062801/56649e2e5503460f94b1e8e7/html5/thumbnails/34.jpg)
Mitochondria(Generator)Generator of the cell.Changes chemical energy stored in food (sugar) into compounds easier for the cell organelles to use (ATP).
![Page 35: Cell Structure and Function. The Cell Theory v All living things are composed of cells. v Cells are the basic units of structure and function in living.](https://reader036.fdocuments.in/reader036/viewer/2022062801/56649e2e5503460f94b1e8e7/html5/thumbnails/35.jpg)
Mitochondrion
![Page 36: Cell Structure and Function. The Cell Theory v All living things are composed of cells. v Cells are the basic units of structure and function in living.](https://reader036.fdocuments.in/reader036/viewer/2022062801/56649e2e5503460f94b1e8e7/html5/thumbnails/36.jpg)
Chloroplast (Solar Panel)Where photosynthesis takes place
Found only in plant cells and algae.
![Page 37: Cell Structure and Function. The Cell Theory v All living things are composed of cells. v Cells are the basic units of structure and function in living.](https://reader036.fdocuments.in/reader036/viewer/2022062801/56649e2e5503460f94b1e8e7/html5/thumbnails/37.jpg)
Chloroplast (Solar Panel)
Traps energy from sunlight and changes it into chemical energy (makes sugars).
![Page 38: Cell Structure and Function. The Cell Theory v All living things are composed of cells. v Cells are the basic units of structure and function in living.](https://reader036.fdocuments.in/reader036/viewer/2022062801/56649e2e5503460f94b1e8e7/html5/thumbnails/38.jpg)
Plant Cell
Chloroplast
![Page 39: Cell Structure and Function. The Cell Theory v All living things are composed of cells. v Cells are the basic units of structure and function in living.](https://reader036.fdocuments.in/reader036/viewer/2022062801/56649e2e5503460f94b1e8e7/html5/thumbnails/39.jpg)
Cell WallIn addition to the cell membrane, plant (& fungus) cells have a cell wall.
Provides extra support.Made up of cellulose and lignin
![Page 40: Cell Structure and Function. The Cell Theory v All living things are composed of cells. v Cells are the basic units of structure and function in living.](https://reader036.fdocuments.in/reader036/viewer/2022062801/56649e2e5503460f94b1e8e7/html5/thumbnails/40.jpg)
Cell Wall Found outside the cell membrane
![Page 41: Cell Structure and Function. The Cell Theory v All living things are composed of cells. v Cells are the basic units of structure and function in living.](https://reader036.fdocuments.in/reader036/viewer/2022062801/56649e2e5503460f94b1e8e7/html5/thumbnails/41.jpg)
Movement of materials through the cell membrane.Cells must take in materials, and release waste products.
Molecules must be able to move in and out of the cell.
![Page 42: Cell Structure and Function. The Cell Theory v All living things are composed of cells. v Cells are the basic units of structure and function in living.](https://reader036.fdocuments.in/reader036/viewer/2022062801/56649e2e5503460f94b1e8e7/html5/thumbnails/42.jpg)
Movement of materials through the cell membrane.
They do this by diffusion.
![Page 43: Cell Structure and Function. The Cell Theory v All living things are composed of cells. v Cells are the basic units of structure and function in living.](https://reader036.fdocuments.in/reader036/viewer/2022062801/56649e2e5503460f94b1e8e7/html5/thumbnails/43.jpg)
DiffusionThe process by which molecules move from areas of higher concentration to areas of lower concentration. (spread out)
![Page 44: Cell Structure and Function. The Cell Theory v All living things are composed of cells. v Cells are the basic units of structure and function in living.](https://reader036.fdocuments.in/reader036/viewer/2022062801/56649e2e5503460f94b1e8e7/html5/thumbnails/44.jpg)
Diffusion
Driven by the random movement of molecules.
![Page 45: Cell Structure and Function. The Cell Theory v All living things are composed of cells. v Cells are the basic units of structure and function in living.](https://reader036.fdocuments.in/reader036/viewer/2022062801/56649e2e5503460f94b1e8e7/html5/thumbnails/45.jpg)
Diffusion
Two factors determine if diffusion takes place equilibrium and permeability.
![Page 46: Cell Structure and Function. The Cell Theory v All living things are composed of cells. v Cells are the basic units of structure and function in living.](https://reader036.fdocuments.in/reader036/viewer/2022062801/56649e2e5503460f94b1e8e7/html5/thumbnails/46.jpg)
higher conc. lower conc.
membraneDiffusion
![Page 47: Cell Structure and Function. The Cell Theory v All living things are composed of cells. v Cells are the basic units of structure and function in living.](https://reader036.fdocuments.in/reader036/viewer/2022062801/56649e2e5503460f94b1e8e7/html5/thumbnails/47.jpg)
Equilibrium
Equilibrium is when the concentrations on both sides of the membrane are equal.
![Page 48: Cell Structure and Function. The Cell Theory v All living things are composed of cells. v Cells are the basic units of structure and function in living.](https://reader036.fdocuments.in/reader036/viewer/2022062801/56649e2e5503460f94b1e8e7/html5/thumbnails/48.jpg)
Equilibrium
Semi-permeablemembrane
![Page 49: Cell Structure and Function. The Cell Theory v All living things are composed of cells. v Cells are the basic units of structure and function in living.](https://reader036.fdocuments.in/reader036/viewer/2022062801/56649e2e5503460f94b1e8e7/html5/thumbnails/49.jpg)
Permeability
If a molecule can diffuse across a membrane, the membrane is permeable.
![Page 50: Cell Structure and Function. The Cell Theory v All living things are composed of cells. v Cells are the basic units of structure and function in living.](https://reader036.fdocuments.in/reader036/viewer/2022062801/56649e2e5503460f94b1e8e7/html5/thumbnails/50.jpg)
Permeability
If a molecule cannot diffuse across a membrane, the membrane is impermeable to that membrane.
![Page 51: Cell Structure and Function. The Cell Theory v All living things are composed of cells. v Cells are the basic units of structure and function in living.](https://reader036.fdocuments.in/reader036/viewer/2022062801/56649e2e5503460f94b1e8e7/html5/thumbnails/51.jpg)
Selective PermeabilityMembranes are
permeable to some molecules and impermeable to others.
These membranes are described as selectively permeable or semi- permeable.
![Page 52: Cell Structure and Function. The Cell Theory v All living things are composed of cells. v Cells are the basic units of structure and function in living.](https://reader036.fdocuments.in/reader036/viewer/2022062801/56649e2e5503460f94b1e8e7/html5/thumbnails/52.jpg)
OsmosisOsmosis is a special type of diffusion:
The diffusion of water molecules through a selectively permeable membrane.
![Page 53: Cell Structure and Function. The Cell Theory v All living things are composed of cells. v Cells are the basic units of structure and function in living.](https://reader036.fdocuments.in/reader036/viewer/2022062801/56649e2e5503460f94b1e8e7/html5/thumbnails/53.jpg)
There are three types of transports across a membrane.–passive transport (diffusion)
–facilitated diffusion–active transport
![Page 54: Cell Structure and Function. The Cell Theory v All living things are composed of cells. v Cells are the basic units of structure and function in living.](https://reader036.fdocuments.in/reader036/viewer/2022062801/56649e2e5503460f94b1e8e7/html5/thumbnails/54.jpg)
Passive Transport
Energy is not required for movement across the membrane to occur.
Diffusion and osmosis are examples
![Page 55: Cell Structure and Function. The Cell Theory v All living things are composed of cells. v Cells are the basic units of structure and function in living.](https://reader036.fdocuments.in/reader036/viewer/2022062801/56649e2e5503460f94b1e8e7/html5/thumbnails/55.jpg)
Facilitated DiffusionA carrier protein
“helps” the molecule to enter or leave the cell. (Passive)
![Page 56: Cell Structure and Function. The Cell Theory v All living things are composed of cells. v Cells are the basic units of structure and function in living.](https://reader036.fdocuments.in/reader036/viewer/2022062801/56649e2e5503460f94b1e8e7/html5/thumbnails/56.jpg)
Active TransportEnergy is required for movement across the membrane to occur.
Molecules move from low to high concentration.
![Page 57: Cell Structure and Function. The Cell Theory v All living things are composed of cells. v Cells are the basic units of structure and function in living.](https://reader036.fdocuments.in/reader036/viewer/2022062801/56649e2e5503460f94b1e8e7/html5/thumbnails/57.jpg)
Two types of active transport:
–Protein pumps: Pumps specific ions
–Endocytosis: cell engulfs (eats) material.
Active Transport
![Page 58: Cell Structure and Function. The Cell Theory v All living things are composed of cells. v Cells are the basic units of structure and function in living.](https://reader036.fdocuments.in/reader036/viewer/2022062801/56649e2e5503460f94b1e8e7/html5/thumbnails/58.jpg)
Pumps Proteins stuck in the membrane act as a doorway into the cell.
Allows only specific things through the doorway.
Energy is required to open the door
![Page 59: Cell Structure and Function. The Cell Theory v All living things are composed of cells. v Cells are the basic units of structure and function in living.](https://reader036.fdocuments.in/reader036/viewer/2022062801/56649e2e5503460f94b1e8e7/html5/thumbnails/59.jpg)
Pumps
![Page 60: Cell Structure and Function. The Cell Theory v All living things are composed of cells. v Cells are the basic units of structure and function in living.](https://reader036.fdocuments.in/reader036/viewer/2022062801/56649e2e5503460f94b1e8e7/html5/thumbnails/60.jpg)
Endocytosis
![Page 61: Cell Structure and Function. The Cell Theory v All living things are composed of cells. v Cells are the basic units of structure and function in living.](https://reader036.fdocuments.in/reader036/viewer/2022062801/56649e2e5503460f94b1e8e7/html5/thumbnails/61.jpg)
Endocytosis
Type of active transport when the membrane surrounds material and pulls it into the cell
![Page 62: Cell Structure and Function. The Cell Theory v All living things are composed of cells. v Cells are the basic units of structure and function in living.](https://reader036.fdocuments.in/reader036/viewer/2022062801/56649e2e5503460f94b1e8e7/html5/thumbnails/62.jpg)
Endocytosis Types
PhagocytosisPinocytosisReceptor Mediated Endocytosis
![Page 63: Cell Structure and Function. The Cell Theory v All living things are composed of cells. v Cells are the basic units of structure and function in living.](https://reader036.fdocuments.in/reader036/viewer/2022062801/56649e2e5503460f94b1e8e7/html5/thumbnails/63.jpg)
Phagocytosis“Cell Eating”Bringing large molecules across the membrane.
Membrane becomes a vacuole when entering the cell
![Page 64: Cell Structure and Function. The Cell Theory v All living things are composed of cells. v Cells are the basic units of structure and function in living.](https://reader036.fdocuments.in/reader036/viewer/2022062801/56649e2e5503460f94b1e8e7/html5/thumbnails/64.jpg)
![Page 65: Cell Structure and Function. The Cell Theory v All living things are composed of cells. v Cells are the basic units of structure and function in living.](https://reader036.fdocuments.in/reader036/viewer/2022062801/56649e2e5503460f94b1e8e7/html5/thumbnails/65.jpg)
Pinocytosis“Cell Drinking”Moving fluids and ions across a membrane.
Usually going against the concentration gradient
![Page 66: Cell Structure and Function. The Cell Theory v All living things are composed of cells. v Cells are the basic units of structure and function in living.](https://reader036.fdocuments.in/reader036/viewer/2022062801/56649e2e5503460f94b1e8e7/html5/thumbnails/66.jpg)
Ion concentration outside the membrane is
less than inside
![Page 67: Cell Structure and Function. The Cell Theory v All living things are composed of cells. v Cells are the basic units of structure and function in living.](https://reader036.fdocuments.in/reader036/viewer/2022062801/56649e2e5503460f94b1e8e7/html5/thumbnails/67.jpg)
Membrane surrounding ions and fluids
![Page 68: Cell Structure and Function. The Cell Theory v All living things are composed of cells. v Cells are the basic units of structure and function in living.](https://reader036.fdocuments.in/reader036/viewer/2022062801/56649e2e5503460f94b1e8e7/html5/thumbnails/68.jpg)
Vacuole
![Page 69: Cell Structure and Function. The Cell Theory v All living things are composed of cells. v Cells are the basic units of structure and function in living.](https://reader036.fdocuments.in/reader036/viewer/2022062801/56649e2e5503460f94b1e8e7/html5/thumbnails/69.jpg)
Receptor Mediated Endocytosis
Same process as pinocytosis.
Specific ions are moved across the membrane
![Page 70: Cell Structure and Function. The Cell Theory v All living things are composed of cells. v Cells are the basic units of structure and function in living.](https://reader036.fdocuments.in/reader036/viewer/2022062801/56649e2e5503460f94b1e8e7/html5/thumbnails/70.jpg)
Receptor Mediated Endocytosis
Receptor proteins trigger when endocytosis should begin
![Page 71: Cell Structure and Function. The Cell Theory v All living things are composed of cells. v Cells are the basic units of structure and function in living.](https://reader036.fdocuments.in/reader036/viewer/2022062801/56649e2e5503460f94b1e8e7/html5/thumbnails/71.jpg)
![Page 72: Cell Structure and Function. The Cell Theory v All living things are composed of cells. v Cells are the basic units of structure and function in living.](https://reader036.fdocuments.in/reader036/viewer/2022062801/56649e2e5503460f94b1e8e7/html5/thumbnails/72.jpg)
![Page 73: Cell Structure and Function. The Cell Theory v All living things are composed of cells. v Cells are the basic units of structure and function in living.](https://reader036.fdocuments.in/reader036/viewer/2022062801/56649e2e5503460f94b1e8e7/html5/thumbnails/73.jpg)
ExocytosisOpposite of endocytosis
Process when cell removes waste from cytoplasm
![Page 74: Cell Structure and Function. The Cell Theory v All living things are composed of cells. v Cells are the basic units of structure and function in living.](https://reader036.fdocuments.in/reader036/viewer/2022062801/56649e2e5503460f94b1e8e7/html5/thumbnails/74.jpg)
Vacuole or lysosome fuses with cell membrane and releases materials outside the cell