Cell Energy Review PART A: Energy, ATP, Enzymes. What is the capacity to do work? A. entrophy B....
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Transcript of Cell Energy Review PART A: Energy, ATP, Enzymes. What is the capacity to do work? A. entrophy B....
Cell Energy Review
PART A:
Energy, ATP, Enzymes
What is the capacity to do work?
• A. entrophy
• B. energy
• C. endergonic
• D. exergonic
What type of reaction gives off energy (heat)?
• Endergonic
• Exergonic
• Potential
• kinetic
Which law of thermodymics states energy conversions
reduce the order of the universe?
• First
• Second
• Third
• Fourth
Sum of endergonic and exergonic reactions:
• Phosphorylation
• Energy coupling
• Substrate
• Cellular metabolism
What is the study of energy transformations?
• Entrophy
• Thermodynamics
• Energy of activation
• energology
What is the name of the chemical that gives off light in fireflies?
• Emporin
• Satanerin
• Luciferin
• Lactase
What does “induced fit” mean?
• Slight change in shape of active site of an enzyme
• Slight change in cofactors
• Adding a coenzyme to fit
• Slight change in shape of substrate
What is EA?
• Entropy Area
• Energy of active sites
• Energy of activation
• Enzyme Area
Energy from an endergonic reaction is used for an
exergonic reaction is called:
• Energy of Activation
• Entropy
• Phosphorylation
• Energy coupling
Adding a phosphate to a molecule is called:
• Phosphorylation
• Phosphosizing
• Phosphating
• Phosphodoing
Which Law of Thermodynamics states the total amount of energy
in the universe is constant?
• First• Second• Third• Fourth• Four and 1/2
What does this symbol mean
in a bond? ~• Strong
• Weak
• Stable
• Unstable
How many phosphates does ATP have?
• 1
• 2
• 3
• 4
Can ADP be regenerated back to ATP?
• Yes
• No
What three different structures make up ATP?
• Phosphates-adenine-deoxyribose
• Nitrates-adenine-deoxyribose
• Phosphates-guanine-ribose
• Phosphates-adenine-ribose
What two sugars make up lactose?
• Glucose and sucrose
• Glucose and glucose
• Glucose and lactase
• Glucose and galactose
Zinc, Copper and Iron could act as:
• Cofactors
• Coenzymes
• Enzymes
• ATP
Vitamins can act as:
• Cofactors
• Coenzymes
• Enzymes
• ATP
What is the substance an enzyme acts on called?
• Inhibitor
• Substrate
• ATP
• Cofactor
Most enzymes end in:
• -ose
• -ise
• -ase
• -ize
What pH is usually best for enzymes?
pH 1-2
pH 4-5
pH 6-8
pH 10-14
Why is salt concentration and pH sometimes a problem for
enzymes?
• Denatures the enzyme
• Pokes holes in it
• Ions interfere with the chemical bond
• Burns it
What inhibitor does not enter the active site but binds to the enzyme somewhere outside the active site?
• Competitive
• Noncompetitive
• Negative
• Activator
What does penicillin do to bacteria?
• Inhibits an enzyme that makes cell walls
• Poisons the nucleus
• Hardens the capsule
• Stops its nerves
If an enzyme is an inhibitor, itself, it is called:
• Competitive inhibition
• Noncompetitive inhibition
• Negative feedback
• Energy coupling
Cells transfer energy at:
• 100% efficiency all the time
• 100% efficiency some of the time
• Never at 100% efficiency
Which is endergonic?
• Plants making glucose• Digestion breaking down
glucose• Disaccharides forming
monosaccharides• Lactose forming glucose
What is the most important type of energy for living organisms?
• Chemical
• Electrical
• Light
• Nuclear
Which is exergonic?
• Burning
• Cellular Respiration
• Light displayed by a firefly
• All of the above
Which is an enzyme?
• Carbohydrate
• Lipid
• Nucleic Acid
• Protein
Nonprotein helpers of enzymes are called:
• Enzyme Buddies
• Cofactors
• Coenzymes
• Couplers
An organic molecule that is a helper of enzymes is:
• Enzyme Buddy
• Cofactor
• Coenzyme
• Coupler
What is a chemical that interferes with an enzyme’s activity?
• Enhancer
• Inhibitor
• Coupler
• Metaboler
Which inhibitor resembles the enzyme’s normal substrate
and competes with the substrate for the active site?
• Negator• Competitive• Noncompetitive• Permeable