Cell Division Mitosis Chapter 10. Why do cells divide, rather than continually grow forever? The...
-
Upload
aidan-parker -
Category
Documents
-
view
215 -
download
2
Transcript of Cell Division Mitosis Chapter 10. Why do cells divide, rather than continually grow forever? The...
![Page 1: Cell Division Mitosis Chapter 10. Why do cells divide, rather than continually grow forever? The larger a cell becomes, the more demands the cell places.](https://reader035.fdocuments.in/reader035/viewer/2022081518/5513ea0055034674748b589c/html5/thumbnails/1.jpg)
Cell DivisionMitosis
Chapter 10
![Page 2: Cell Division Mitosis Chapter 10. Why do cells divide, rather than continually grow forever? The larger a cell becomes, the more demands the cell places.](https://reader035.fdocuments.in/reader035/viewer/2022081518/5513ea0055034674748b589c/html5/thumbnails/2.jpg)
Why do cells divide, rather than continually grow forever?
• The larger a cell becomes, the more demands the cell places of its DNA.
• The cell also has more trouble moving enough nutrients and wastes across the cell membrane.
![Page 3: Cell Division Mitosis Chapter 10. Why do cells divide, rather than continually grow forever? The larger a cell becomes, the more demands the cell places.](https://reader035.fdocuments.in/reader035/viewer/2022081518/5513ea0055034674748b589c/html5/thumbnails/3.jpg)
Division of the CellBefore it becomes too large, a
growing celldivides forming two “daughter cells.”
• The process by which a cell divides into new daughter cells is called cell division.
• Before cell division occurs, the cell replicates, or copies, all of its DNA. Thus, each daughter cell gets one complete set of genetic information.
![Page 4: Cell Division Mitosis Chapter 10. Why do cells divide, rather than continually grow forever? The larger a cell becomes, the more demands the cell places.](https://reader035.fdocuments.in/reader035/viewer/2022081518/5513ea0055034674748b589c/html5/thumbnails/4.jpg)
Cell Division• Cell division is complex and occurs
in 2 main stages:– Mitosis-division of cell nucleus– Cytokinesis-division of cytoplasm
• Genetic information is carried by chromosomes. – Before cell division each chromosome
is replicated, or copied forming two identical sister “chromatids,” which will be separated from each other when the cell divides.
![Page 5: Cell Division Mitosis Chapter 10. Why do cells divide, rather than continually grow forever? The larger a cell becomes, the more demands the cell places.](https://reader035.fdocuments.in/reader035/viewer/2022081518/5513ea0055034674748b589c/html5/thumbnails/5.jpg)
The Cell Cycle
The cell cycle is a series of events that
cells go through as
they grow and divide.
During the cell cycle, the following happens:
•Cell grows (interphase)
•Cell prepares for division (interphase)
•Cell divides to form 2 daughter cells (each of which further divide) (cell division)
![Page 6: Cell Division Mitosis Chapter 10. Why do cells divide, rather than continually grow forever? The larger a cell becomes, the more demands the cell places.](https://reader035.fdocuments.in/reader035/viewer/2022081518/5513ea0055034674748b589c/html5/thumbnails/6.jpg)
Events of the Cell Cycle• Interphase
– G1 phase• Cell grows (increases in size and makes new
proteins and organelles)
– S phase• Replication of chromosomes/DNA synthesized
– G2 phase• Organelles and molecules needed for cell
division produced.
![Page 7: Cell Division Mitosis Chapter 10. Why do cells divide, rather than continually grow forever? The larger a cell becomes, the more demands the cell places.](https://reader035.fdocuments.in/reader035/viewer/2022081518/5513ea0055034674748b589c/html5/thumbnails/7.jpg)
Centrioles
Chromatin
Interphase
Nuclear envelope
Cytokinesis
Nuclear envelope reforming
Telophase
Anaphase
Individual chromosomes
Metaphase
Centriole
Spindle
CentrioleChromosomes
(paired chromatids)
Prophase
Centromere
Spindle forming
Section 10-2
Figure 10–5 Mitosis and Cytokinesis
![Page 8: Cell Division Mitosis Chapter 10. Why do cells divide, rather than continually grow forever? The larger a cell becomes, the more demands the cell places.](https://reader035.fdocuments.in/reader035/viewer/2022081518/5513ea0055034674748b589c/html5/thumbnails/8.jpg)
Mitosis (M phase)• When the events of the G2 phase
are completed, the cell is ready to enter the M phase and begin cell division.
• The events of mitosis are divided into four phases:– Prophase– Metaphase– Anaphase– Telophase
![Page 9: Cell Division Mitosis Chapter 10. Why do cells divide, rather than continually grow forever? The larger a cell becomes, the more demands the cell places.](https://reader035.fdocuments.in/reader035/viewer/2022081518/5513ea0055034674748b589c/html5/thumbnails/9.jpg)
Prophase
•1st phase of mitosis where:–Centrioles take their place at opposite sides of the cell–Spindle fibers form–Chromatin coils to form chromosomes–Nuclear envelope breaks down
![Page 10: Cell Division Mitosis Chapter 10. Why do cells divide, rather than continually grow forever? The larger a cell becomes, the more demands the cell places.](https://reader035.fdocuments.in/reader035/viewer/2022081518/5513ea0055034674748b589c/html5/thumbnails/10.jpg)
Centrioles
Chromatin
Interphase
Nuclear envelope
Cytokinesis
Nuclear envelope reforming
Telophase
Anaphase
Individual chromosomes
Metaphase
Centriole
Spindle
CentrioleChromosomes
(paired chromatids)
Prophase
Centromere
Spindle forming
Section 10-2Figure 10–5 Mitosis and Cytokinesis
![Page 11: Cell Division Mitosis Chapter 10. Why do cells divide, rather than continually grow forever? The larger a cell becomes, the more demands the cell places.](https://reader035.fdocuments.in/reader035/viewer/2022081518/5513ea0055034674748b589c/html5/thumbnails/11.jpg)
Metaphase
•The chromosomes line up across the center of the cell
•Each chromosome is connected to a spindle fiber at its centromere.
![Page 12: Cell Division Mitosis Chapter 10. Why do cells divide, rather than continually grow forever? The larger a cell becomes, the more demands the cell places.](https://reader035.fdocuments.in/reader035/viewer/2022081518/5513ea0055034674748b589c/html5/thumbnails/12.jpg)
Centrioles
Chromatin
Interphase
Nuclear envelope
Cytokinesis
Nuclear envelope reforming
Telophase
Anaphase
Individual chromosomes
Metaphase
Centriole
Spindle
CentrioleChromosomes
(paired chromatids)
Prophase
Centromere
Spindle forming
Section 10-2
Figure 10–5 Mitosis and Cytokinesis
![Page 13: Cell Division Mitosis Chapter 10. Why do cells divide, rather than continually grow forever? The larger a cell becomes, the more demands the cell places.](https://reader035.fdocuments.in/reader035/viewer/2022081518/5513ea0055034674748b589c/html5/thumbnails/13.jpg)
Anaphase
•Sister chromatids separate into individual chromosomes and are moved apart
![Page 14: Cell Division Mitosis Chapter 10. Why do cells divide, rather than continually grow forever? The larger a cell becomes, the more demands the cell places.](https://reader035.fdocuments.in/reader035/viewer/2022081518/5513ea0055034674748b589c/html5/thumbnails/14.jpg)
Centrioles
Chromatin
Interphase
Nuclear envelope
Cytokinesis
Nuclear envelope reforming
Telophase
Anaphase
Individual chromosomes
Metaphase
Centriole
Spindle
CentrioleChromosomes
(paired chromatids)
Prophase
Centromere
Spindle forming
Section 10-2Figure 10–5 Mitosis and Cytokinesis
![Page 15: Cell Division Mitosis Chapter 10. Why do cells divide, rather than continually grow forever? The larger a cell becomes, the more demands the cell places.](https://reader035.fdocuments.in/reader035/viewer/2022081518/5513ea0055034674748b589c/html5/thumbnails/15.jpg)
Telophase
•The chromosomes gather at opposite ends of the cell and lose their distinct shapes.
•Two new nuclear envelopes will form.
![Page 16: Cell Division Mitosis Chapter 10. Why do cells divide, rather than continually grow forever? The larger a cell becomes, the more demands the cell places.](https://reader035.fdocuments.in/reader035/viewer/2022081518/5513ea0055034674748b589c/html5/thumbnails/16.jpg)
Centrioles
Chromatin
Interphase
Nuclear envelope
Cytokinesis
Nuclear envelope reforming
Telophase
Anaphase
Individual chromosomes
Metaphase
Centriole
Spindle
CentrioleChromosomes
(paired chromatids)
Prophase
Centromere
Spindle forming
Section 10-2
Figure 10–5 Mitosis and Cytokinesis
![Page 17: Cell Division Mitosis Chapter 10. Why do cells divide, rather than continually grow forever? The larger a cell becomes, the more demands the cell places.](https://reader035.fdocuments.in/reader035/viewer/2022081518/5513ea0055034674748b589c/html5/thumbnails/17.jpg)
Cytokinesis
• The cytoplasm pinches in half.
• Each daughter cell has an identical set of duplicate chromosomes.
![Page 18: Cell Division Mitosis Chapter 10. Why do cells divide, rather than continually grow forever? The larger a cell becomes, the more demands the cell places.](https://reader035.fdocuments.in/reader035/viewer/2022081518/5513ea0055034674748b589c/html5/thumbnails/18.jpg)
How will I ever remember the phases?
•P•M•A•T
![Page 19: Cell Division Mitosis Chapter 10. Why do cells divide, rather than continually grow forever? The larger a cell becomes, the more demands the cell places.](https://reader035.fdocuments.in/reader035/viewer/2022081518/5513ea0055034674748b589c/html5/thumbnails/19.jpg)
This is how you can remember the phases:
•Please•Make•Another•Touchdown