Cell˙and˙Membrane˙Practice

Name: Date:

1. Which structure is outside the nucleus of a cell and contains DNA?

A. chromosome B. gene C. mitochondrion D. vacuole

2. A potato core was placed in a beaker of water as shown in the figure below.

Which diagram best represents the net movement of molecules?

A. B.

C. D.

3. Which statement about plant and animal cells is true?

A. Plant cells have a nucleus and a cell wall; animal cells do not have either of these structures.

B. Plant cells have a cell wall and chloroplasts; animal cells do not have either of these structures.

C. Plant cells have a cell wall and a cell membrane; animal cells have a cell wall but not a cell membrane.

D. Plant cells have chloroplasts and mitochondria; animal cells have chloroplasts but do not have mitochondria.

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Cell˙and˙Membrane˙Practice

4. Under what conditions will a substance be likely to enter a cell through diffusion?

A. when the substance is a particle of food

B. when a molecule of the substance is very large

C. when the concentration of the substance is greater outside the cell than inside

D. when the concentration of the substance is greater inside the cell than outside

5. Blight is a plant disease caused by a fungus that affects potato plants. Some wild breeds of potato have naturalresistance to the fungus. These wild potatoes contain chemical compounds that cause them to taste bad. Scientistsare trying to produce potato plants that are resistant to blight but still produce potatoes that taste good.

Which of the following describes an important difference between a potato plant cell and a human cell?

A. Plant cells have a cell wall, and animal cells do not.

B. Animal cells store water inside, and plant cells do not.

C. Plant cells have a cell nucleus, and animal cells do not.

D. Animal cells perform respiration, and plant cells do not.

6. Which structure is responsible for allowing materials into and out of an animal cell?

A. Nucleus B. Cell wall C. Mitochondrion D. Cell membrane

7. Depending on its electric charge, shape, and chemical properties, a substance may or may not be allowed to passthrough a cell membrane. This function of the cell membrane is important because it .

A. prevents cell division

B. prevents destruction of the cell wall

C. allows the cell to maintain homeostasis

D. allows amino acids to move into and out of the cell

8. Which cellular organelle uses oxygen and glucose to provide energy to the cell?

A. mitochondrion B. nucleus C. ribosome D. vacuole

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Cell˙and˙Membrane˙Practice

9. The diagram below shows a cell.

Where would this cell most likely be found?

A. bark B. frog C. leaf D. mushroom

10. What are the basic structural units of living organisms?

A. cells B. nuclei C. organs D. tissues

11. Which of the following best describes the purpose of the chromosomes in the nucleus of a cell?

A. to store the genetic instructions needed to specify traits

B. to release energy by breaking down food molecules

C. to transport nutrients into and out of the cell

D. to protect the cell from microorganisms

12. Which of the following structures is not present in animal cells?

A. cell membrane B. cell wall C. mitochondrion D. nucleus

13. How is a skin cell from a mouse similar to an amoeba?

A. Both need energy. B. Both have cell walls.

C. Both move with pseudopodia. D. Both consume carbon dioxide.

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Cell˙and˙Membrane˙Practice

14. Substances enter any plant or animal cell by passing through which of the following structures?

A. nucleus B. cell membrane C. vacuole D. chloroplast

15. A student prepared the following list of characteristics about a cellular organelle.

• present in animal cells

• present in plant cells

• helps make energy available to the cell

Which of the following cellular structures is the student describing?

A. cell wall B. chloroplast C. mitochondrion D. nucleus

16. A biology student observed the cells shown below under a microscope.

These cells most likely came from

A. an animal. B. an archaebacterium. C. a fungus. D. a plant.

17. Some cells, such as human nerve and muscle cells, contain many more mitochondria than do other cells, such asskin cells. Why do some cells have more mitochondria than others?

A. The cells use more energy. B. The cells store more nutrients.

C. The cells degrade more proteins. D. The cells divide more frequently.

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Cell˙and˙Membrane˙Practice

18. Which of the following is more likely to occur in a plant cell than in an animal cell?

A. synthesis of enzymes B. formation of cellulose

C. breakdown of glucose D. active transport of ions

19. A single prokaryotic cell can divide several times in an hour. Few eukaryotic cells can divide as quickly. Whichof the following statements best explains this difference?

A. Eukaryotic cells are smaller than prokaryotic cells.

B. Eukaryotic cells have less DNA than prokaryotic cells.

C. Eukaryotic cells have more cell walls than prokaryotic cells.

D. Eukaryotic cells are more structurally complex than prokaryotic cells.

20. The diagram below illustrates how plant root cells take in mineral ions from the surrounding soil.

Which of the following processes is illustrated?

A. active transport B. diffusion C. osmosis D. passive filtration

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Cell˙and˙Membrane˙Practice

21. Which of the diagrams below best represents the net movement of molecules in osmosis?

A. B.

C. D.

22. A cross section of part of a Golgi complex is shown below.

Part of the membrane of the Golgi complex pinches off and moves away. Which of the following is a function ofthis process?

A. to release energy from ATP

B. to deliver proteins to other locations in the cell

C. to collect amino acids for use in protein synthesis

D. to send messages about cell requirements to the nucleus

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Cell˙and˙Membrane˙Practice

23. Which of the following functions does active transport perform in a cell?

A. packaging proteins for export from the cell

B. distributing enzymes throughout the cytoplasm

C. moving substances against a concentration gradient

D. equalizing the concentration of water inside and outside the cell

24. Which of the following is a main function of the cell wall?

A. to store carbohydrates for later use B. to give the cell a rigid structure

C. to package proteins for export D. to carry out photosynthesis

25. Which of the following statements correctly matches a cell part with its function?

A. The cell membrane packages lipids for export. B. The mitochondria perform photosynthesis.

C. The lysosome digests molecules. D. The nucleus produces energy

26. The illustrations below represent two different cells.

Which of the following statements best identifies these two cells?

A. Cell X is a prokaryotic cell and cell Y is a eukaryotic cell.

B. Cell X is an archae cell and cell Y is a eubacterial cell.

C. Cell X is a red blood cell and cell Y is a muscle cell.

D. Cell X is a plant cell and cell Y is an animal cell.

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Cell˙and˙Membrane˙Practice

27. The table below lists the concentrations of water inside and outside a cell under four different conditions.

ConditionWater

Concentrationin Cell

WaterConcentrationin Environment

1 90% 95%

2 90% 100%

3 95% 90%

4 95% 95%

Under which condition will the cell experience a net loss of water to its environment?

A. Condition 1 B. Condition 2 C. Condition 3 D. Condition 4

28. A biologist looks at an organism through a microscope. Which of the following observations tells the biologist thatthe organism is eukaryotic?

A. The organism is unicellular. B. The organism moves with flagella.

C. The organism has a cell membrane. D. The organism has membrane- bound organelles.

29. A diagram of a plant cell is shown below.

Which number identifies the organelle that functions to store water and dissolved salts?

A. 1 B. 2 C. 3 D. 4

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Cell˙and˙Membrane˙Practice

30. The following cell structures are located within cells that make proteins. Which description best explains therelationship among these cell structures in making a protein?

• nucleus

• ribosome

• endoplasmic reticulum (ER)

A. nucleus makes protein → protein winds through the ER → protein folds into its active shape

B. nucleus directs ER to assemble the protein → ribosomes surround protein → protein folds into its active shape

C. ER creates protein → DNA in the nucleus codes for ribosomes to surround protein → protein folds into itsactive shape

D. DNA in nucleus codes for protein → protein assembled in ribosomes and moves to ER → protein folds intoits active shape

31. What will happen if an animal cell that has a solute concentration of 1% is placed in a 5% saltwater solution?

A. It will shrink because there is less water outside of the cell than there is on the inside.

B. It will burst because there is more water on the outside of the cell than there is on the inside.

C. It will burst because there is more water on the inside of the cell than there is on the outside.

D. It will remain the same size because there is an equal amount of water on the inside and outside of the cell.

32. The cell membrane of the red blood cell will allow water, oxygen, carbon dioxide, and glucose to pass through.Because other substances are blocked from entering, this membrane is called

A. perforated. B. semi-permeable. C. non-conductive. D. permeable.

33. The plasma membrane of a cell consists of

A. protein molecules arranged in two layers with polar areas forming the outside of the membrane.

B. two layers of lipids organized with the nonpolar tails forming the interior of the membrane.

C. lipid molecules positioned between two carbohydrate layers.

D. protein molecules with polar and nonpolar tails.

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Cell˙and˙Membrane˙Practice

34. Which of these is the site where proteins are made in all cells?

A. the nuclei B. the ribosomes C. the chloroplasts D. the mitochondria

35. Use the information and the diagram below to answer the following question(s).

Starch turns blue-black in the presence of iodine solution. A selectively permeable dialysis sac containing astarch solution is placed into a beaker of iodine solution.

If the dialysis sac is permeable only to water and iodine, what will the solutions in the beaker and the sac looklike after two hours?

A. The iodine solution in the beaker will turn blue-black; the starch solution will not change.

B. The starch solution in the dialysis sac will turn blue-black; the iodine solution will not change.

C. Neither solution will turn blue-black.

D. Both solutions will turn blue-black.

36. Which of these processes is demonstrated by the experiment shown in the diagram?

A. cellular respiration B. active transport C. endocytosis D. diffusion

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Cell˙and˙Membrane˙Practice

37. The diagram below shows an animal cell in a beaker containing a solution of sugar and water. The cell membraneis permeable only to water.

ANIMAL CELL IN SUGAR AND WATER SOLUTION

Which statement describes the relationship between the animal cell and the contents of the beaker?

A. There is a higher concentration of water inside the cell than outside the cell.

B. There is a higher concentration of sugar inside the cell than outside the cell.

C. There is an equal concentration of water inside the cell as outside the cell.

D. There is an equal concentration of sugar inside the cell as outside the cell.

38. A cellular process is shown in three steps in the diagram below.

Which process is illustrated?

A. diffusion of water into a cell B. production of protein from amino acids

C. active transport of molecules across a membrane D. asexual reproduction by cell division

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Cell˙and˙Membrane˙Practice

39. The process of diffusion occurs when

A. all molecular movement stops.

B. molecules move from areas of lesser concentration to areas of greater concentration.

C. sugar molecules move into a cell.

D. molecules move from areas of greater concentration to areas of lesser concentration.

40.

Initial Conditions

Inside Dialysis Tubing Inside Beaker

starch iodine

glucose water

solution is colorless solution is brown

Final Conditions

Inside Dialysis Tubing Inside Beaker

starch iodine

glucose water

iodine solution is brown

solution is blue/black

Students use a pouch of dialysis tubing to model a cell membrane. A starch and glucose solution is placed insidethe pouch, and the pouch is placed into a beaker that contains iodine and water. An advantage of using the dialysistubing to represent a cell membrane is that it is

A. permeable to all substances. B. impermeable to all substances.

C. permeable to iodine and impermeable to starch. D. impermeable to iodine and permeable to starch.

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Cell˙and˙Membrane˙Practice 04/08/2013

1.Answer: C

2.Answer: A

3.

4.

5.Answer: A

6.Answer: D

7.Answer: C

8.Answer: A

9.Answer: C

10.Answer: A

11.Answer: A

12.Answer: B

13.Answer: A

14.Answer: B

15.Answer: C

16.Answer: D

17.Answer: A

18.Answer: B

19.Answer: D

20.Answer: A

21.Answer: A

22.Answer: B

23.Answer: C

24.Answer: B

25.Answer: C

26.Answer: A

27.Answer: C

28.Answer: D

29.Answer: C

30.Answer: D

31.Answer: A

32.Answer: B

33.Answer: B

34.

35.Answer: B

36.Answer: D

37.Answer: A

38.Answer: C

39.Answer: D

40.Answer: C