An IntroductionCommunity Development

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Community Development•It is a critical dimension of development

and a basic tool for achieving development.

•It involves the strategies of empowering, capacity building ,mutual help etc.

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• Community development is one of the branches or specialization area of social work

• The evolution of community development Can be traced with the history of

Community services It has along history and had taken long

time to reach the present state of it

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•Community development is included in various contexts.

•The reconstruction process after any conflict is considered as community development

• when the rehabilitation of displaced people are taken Community development is the major emphasis

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Community or development( What will be Our focus?)•Community – a group of people with a

shared identity. Rural/Urban/Tribal- ( Prolems/isssues)

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• “Development” is a process that increases choices. It means new options, diversification, thinking about apparent issues differently and anticipating change (Christenson et.al., 1989)

• Development involves change, improvement and vitality – a directed attempt to improve participation, flexibility, equity, attitudes, the function of institutions and the quality of life. It is the creation of wealth – wealth meaning the things people value, not just dollars (Shaffer, 1989).

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•Community development relies on interaction between people and joint action, rather than individual activity – what some sociologists call “collective agency” (Flora and Flora, 1993).

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•From The history of community Development CD as used as strategy for poverty alleviation

• In international practicum of social work community development has vital role to play

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•There is no clear agreement on which is considered as community work, Community development, community actions ,CO, community Participation and community change, all are regarded as CD (Ife 1995)

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Defenition•CD embodies the Concept that

collectivities of people who share common concern ,have the potential capacity to deal jointly with those concerns in ways that advance the common interest (Stoesz 1999)

• He analyzing CD as the joint effort to ensure advancement in life.

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• Community development is a group of people in

a community reaching a decision to initiate a

social action process to change their economic,

social, cultural and environnemental situation –

(Christenson et. al. 1989)

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• Community development is a process where people are united with those of governmental authorities to improve the economic, social and cultural conditions of communities and communities are integrated into the life of the nation enabling them to contribute fully to national progress.

• (United Nations, from Biggs,1999)

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• A professional practice of working and learning

with local people - individuals and groups – to

strengthen their communities by improving

people’s Knowledge and consciousness, Skills

and competence , Attitudes and

confidence ,Organizational ability and Resources

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•Community development can be viewed

as a method or programme or movement

and a process of change( and bring about

change)

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• Community development is the demonstration of ideas, values and ideals of the society in which it is carried out from a humanitarian perspective.

• it may be seen as search for community mutual aid ,social support and human liberation in an alienating ,oppressive ,competitive and individualistic society.

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In its more pragmatic sense CD may be viewed as• A Mean for mobilizing communities to join

state or institutional initiatives that are aimed at alleviating poverty, solving social problems, strengthening families, fostering democracy and achieving modernization and socio economic development ( Campfens 1997)

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In Indian context

• CD is process in which people unite and pool their resources in an effort to improve the economic social and cultural condition of the society. it is a programme for developing material and human resources to the fullest extent in a cooperative manner (S.N Bhattacharya)

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Development, not just growth• community development is not just growth

• Growth means more jobs and more investment

• It does not necessarily increase choices,

networks or ability to manage change.

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• Community development is consciously

planned directed and evaluated endeavor to

participate and guide designed social change.

• It become an integrated part of a nations

development policy.

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CD Works at four levels

• With individual citizens, to help them become more

active• With local groups or organizations, to help them

to develop and be more effective• With the network of groups and organizations, to

help them cooperate and gain collective strength• With public authorities, professional agencies

and the business sector, to make them to identify community its requirements

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Objectives of Community Development Its tool for achieving social development Eradication of illiteracy Bringing improved health Gender concerned development Human rights, Social Inclusion

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The relationship between industry development, economic development and community development.

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It is political activity Process of planned change It is more pluralistic and become

participator approach

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