CCSS: Types of Writing

Common Core: Writing Anchor Standards Overview

1. Write arguments using valid reasoning and evidence

2. Write informative/explanatory texts

3. Write narratives using well-chosen details and well-structured event sequences

4. Produce clear and coherent writing

5. Plan, revise, edit, rewrite

6. Use technology to produce and publish writing

7. Conduct short as well as more sustained research

Content Specific Writing Standards Now look at your content specific writing standards

Highlight the verbs: What should students be able to do with writing in your content area?

Three Text Types

1. Narrative

2.Informational/Explanatory

3. Argument

Narrative

Conveys a real or imaginary experience

Uses time as its main structure

Come in the form of: memoirs, creative or fictional stories, anecdotes, autobiographies…

Include visual details

In Social Science…

Students: write narrative accounts about

individuals construct event models of what

happened

In Science…

Students: write narratives of step-by-step

procedures that follow their investigations

Informational/Explanatory

Purpose: Increase reader’s knowledge of a subject

Help the reader understand a procedure

Provide readers information on a particular topic/concept

Addresses types and components

Writer’s convey information by: Naming

Defining

Describing

Comparing/contrasting

Citing evidence

Genres of Informational/Explanatory Writing

Literary analysis

Scientific and historical reports

Summaries

Workplace and functional writing: Resumes

Applications

Reports

Manuals

memos

Difference between Informational and Argumentative

Information is provided in both, however: Argumentative makes people believe that

something is true and seeks to change beliefs

Informational assumes that the information is taken as truthful (already a fact)

Arguments are used to persuade while informational pieces are used to clarify and provide information.

Persuasion vs. Argument

• Ethos (author credibility)

• Pathos (emotional appeals)

Persuasion

• Logos (logical appeals)

• ReasonArgument

Is it argument or persuasion?

In Social Science…

Students: analyze evidence from primary and secondary

sources

support claims with evidence

argue for a historically situated interpretation

In Science…

Students: Make claims in the forms of statements or

conclusions

Answer questions or address problems

Use data in scientifically acceptable forms

Use evidence and their own understanding of scientific concepts to support their claims

Using others’ ideas appropriately

Quoting: using the exact words of another. Words must be placed in quotation marks and the author cited.

Summarizing: putting the ideas of another in your own words and condensing them. Author must be identified.

Paraphrasing: putting someone else’s ideas in your words but keeping approximately the same length as the original. Paraphrase must be original in both structure and wording, and accurate in representing author’s intent. It can not just be switching out synonyms in the original sentence. Author must be identified.

Four corners Activity

The Supreme Court was right this week to reverse the ban on the sale of violent video games to children.

Agree? Or Disagree? Write for 3 minutes on your opinion.

Go to the side of the room matching your response. In your groups, you have several minutes to create an argument: claim, convincing evidence, and explanation to present a two-minute argument to the rest of the group.

“Skilled writers many times use a blend of these three text types to accomplish their purposes.” –Common Core State Standards, Appendix A

Important to note…

Writing and reading should be taught together STUDENTS SHOULD WRITE ABOUT WHAT THEY READ

Writing should be done in ALL content areas every week

The length and type of writing should vary depending on writing

Not all writing has to be formal or go through the entire writing process JOURNALS, QUICK WRITES, SHORT RESPONSE, LAB WRITE

UPS, REFLECTIONS, SUMMARIES…

Sample SBAC ItemsScience Content and Skills

Sample SBAC ItemSocial Science Content and Skills

Thank you!