CCNA CHAPTER 5 BY jetarvind kumar madhukar

Release 16/07/2009 Jetking Infotrain Ltd.

Basic Router Configuration

Chapter 5


Chapter Objectives

Perform interface configuration View, save and erase configuration files Explain Router IOS image files Backup and restore Cisco IOS Backup and restore router configuration Use CDP Use Telnet Check network connectivity


Recall - I Various router components include:

Processor ROM RAM Flash NVRAM Configuration Register

Different ROM components include: POST Bootstrap Program


Recall - II Mini-IOS ROM Monitor

Different modes for accessing a router CLI include: User Exec Mode Privileged Exec Mode Global Configuration Mode

Router administrative function include: Assigning hostname Assigning banners setting password


Router Interfaces

Router interfaces provide connection between the host and the network

Interfaces supported by Cisco routers include: ISDN ATM FDDI Ethernet Fast Ethernet Gigabit Ethernet Token ring


Case Study

The Blue Diamond steel company, Gujarat branch has recently opened a branch at Hyderabad. The Software management department of Hyderabad branch urgently requires a team of eleven software engineers for their project. The department is not able to exchange information regarding the same with the Recruitment department of the Gujarat. This is mainly because serial interface is not responding.


Problem

The network administrator Paul finds it difficult and time consuming to get the circuit number and phone number of the respective link using the network map


Solution

Add description to an interface


Router Configuration Files

The configuration files also contain the commands that are used to configure the router

Whenever you create or change the router configuration, it is required to save the changes to the configuration files

The configuration files are located in the RAM, NVRAM or TFTP server


IOS Processes for Configuration Files

Source Destination Command IOS Process

RAM NVRAM copy running-config startup-config

Overwrite

RAM TFTP copy running-config tftp Overwrite

NVRAM RAM copy startup-config running-config

Merge

NVRAM TFTP copy startup-config tftp Overwrite

TFTP RAM copy tftp running-config Merge

TFTP NVRAM copy tftp startup-config Overwrite

CLI RAM configure terminal Merge


Router IOS Image Files

The router saves configuration files and IOS image files in the flash memory

Two types of routers based on the location of the IOS image include: Run from Flash (RFF) router Run from RAM (RFR) router

The letter R after the model number identifies a Run-from-RAM router


Advantages of using a RFF Image An RFF image is loaded directly to the router when

the router boots Advantages of using a RFF Image include:

Reduced Corruption Faster Boot


Process of Loading an IOS from RFR Router The RFR routers load the image from the flash

memory into the DRAM


Upgrading IOS Images

IOS images can be upgraded from a remote FTP server

RFF images can be upgraded in two ways: Dual Flash Banks Flash Load Helper (FLH)


Points to Remember before backing up Cisco IOS The workstation runs TFTP server software The router and workstation have an Ethernet

connection made with crossover cable The workstation and Ethernet interface of the router

exist on the same subnet The copy flash tftp command gets IP address of the

workstation when you backup the image from the router flash

The available space in flash can store the image copy


Cisco Discovery Protocol (CDP) CDP gives the information about locally attached

and remote devices in the network It also gives the information about hardware and

protocol of the neighboring devices in the network To get the information about the CDP global

parameters that can be configured on Cisco devices using the show cdp command


Telnet

Telnet is a virtual terminal protocol that connects the router to remote devices

It allows you to get all the information about the routers and run programs on the routers

The Telnet program allows you to reconfigure or check the routers and switches without the console cable


Traceroute Output Options

Output Options Description

* Specifies that the wait time expired or the device failed to respond

A Specifies that a remote device filtered the trace packet

U Specifies that the device port is unreachable

H Specifies that the host on the destination network segment was unreachable

I Indicates that the user interrupted the traceroute process

N Specifies that the destination network segment was unreachable

P Specifies that the device does not support traceroute

T Specifies that the trace packet has exceeded configuration timeout

? Indicates that the trace type in the trace packet was not identifiable


Summary - I

A router interface provides connection between the user host and the network

Cisco routers support interfaces such as serial, ISDN, ATM, FDDI, Ethernet, Fast Ethernet, Gigabit Ethernet and Token ring

The interface command allows you to configure a router interface

All the interfaces are disabled by default. The no shutdown command allows you to bring up a particular interface

Router interface configuration includes configuring ip address, clock rate, bandwidth parameter and description


Summary - II

The following show commands enable you to verify the router interfaces show interface show ip interface show ip interface brief show protocols show controllers

The Cisco routers allow you to view, save and erase the configuration files

A backup copy of the existing IOS image is if the new IOS image is not properly upgraded on the router


Summary - III

Any changes made to the router configuration are stored in the running-config file. You can use the copy command to save the changes to startup config file, flash or TFTP server

The CDP global parameters include CDP timer and CDP holdtime

Telnet is a virtual terminal protocol that connects the router to remote devices. It allows you to get information about the routers and the programs running on the routers


Summary - IV

The show ip route and show interfaces commands allow you to troubleshoot the IOS

The ping and traceroute commands allow you to check the connectivity of your router with the remote devices

The debug command enables you to view the data packet transfer statistics at a particular time

CCNA CHAPTER 5 BY jetarvind kumar madhukar

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Transcript of CCNA CHAPTER 5 BY jetarvind kumar madhukar