Project Planning and Management

Kay Dudman

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Structure of the Module Lectures (1 hour/week)

Individual practical work on case study

Computer workshops (1 hour/week)

Seminar sessions (1 hour/week)

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Learning Outcomes Use key project management tools and techniques

Gantt chart, network diagrams, critical path analysis, cost-benefit analysis, earned value, WBS, risk analysis and management

Make a realistic plan, with timings and costings

Monitor the progress of a project plan be able to recommend corrective actions if necessary

Identify and evaluate risks associated with a project plan identify and evaluate suitable containment actions and contingency

plans, monitor risk

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Assessment 50% by written assignment

Case study project plan

up to 4000 words plus 8 diagrams

May use MS Project or similar

(try http://openproj.org/)

Sample tasks – try the techniques

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Assessment 50% by written examination

2 hour examination

three questions from choice of five

not using PCs

formula sheet available

Content based on lectures and other supporting

material

Additional reading will help

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Provisional Timetable Introduction

Project Life Cycle

Conceptualisation

Planning

Planning Tools & Techniques

Implementation

Team Dynamics & Management

Completion

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Introduction to

Project Planning and Management

What is a project?

What is project management?

The role of the project manager

Standards and methodologies

References and further reading

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What is a Project? One definition might be:

‘ … a project is a managed collection of

activities to bring about a desired change.’

(CCTA, 1997)

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What is a Project? Another definition might be:

‘ … a temporary endeavour undertaken to

create a unique product or service’

(PMBoK, 1996)

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What is a Project? We would expect the following characteristics:

Objectives / goal

Schedule (specified start and finish dates)

Resources

Constraints

Unique

Change

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Why Do We Have Projects? Solve a particular problem

Exploit a new opportunity

Respond to competition

Regulatory and/or legal changes

Work more efficiently

management by project

Result of strategic planning

achieve organisation’s overall objectives

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Why Do We Have Projects?

“All work is project work”

Tom Peters, 1999

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What is Project Management? Ensuring the defined project is delivered to the

customer:

on time

within budget

to the specification and quality required and expected

by the major stakeholders

Making the project happen

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What is Project Management? Project management has been used for many years:

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What is Project Management? …although not always successfully:

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Source:

http://www.bbc.co.uk/news/world-middle-east-18847875

(Accessed: 1 October 2012)

What is Project Management?

Projects often have impact across traditional

organisational boundaries

May involve considerable organisational upheaval

Stakeholders are varied and not always easily identified

Implies need for project manager outside traditional line

management structure

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The Role of the Project Manager

Communicating and reporting Reporting up & down

Expectation management

Planning, Monitoring and Controlling Estimating

Scheduling

Tracking progress

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The Role of the Project Manager

Configuration management Change control

Configuration control

Version and variant control

Quality management Quality assurance

Quality control

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The Role of the Project Manager

Cost management Keeping an eye on the budget

Risk management Risk analysis

Risk management

Facilitating

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The Role of the Project Manager

Human resource management Lead

Motivate

Delegate

Integrating Organising

Co-ordinating

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The Role of the Project Manager

Evaluating on-going process

Single point of contact clients

project team members

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Standards and Methodologies

PRINCE 2 (Projects in Controlled Environments)

conforms to ISO9001

standard PM method for government projects

PMBoK, 1996 (PM Body of Knowledge)

confirmed as the ANSI standard

BS6079 (2000)

Plus many commercial methodologies

e.g. ADM – Accenture Development Method

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Any Questions?

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Project Life Cycles

What is a project life cycle?

Some examples

A project life cycle in detail

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Project Life Cycles

Model main stages common to all projects

Almost as many different models as there

are project management authors

Wide range of conflicting terminology used

It is only a model

does not tell you everything

you need to do and when

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Project Life Cycles

Some examples …

3-Phase Project Life Cycle

Design & Plan

Execute and Deliver

Improve the Process

(e.g. Maylor, 1999)

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Project Life Cycles

Some examples …

5-Phase Project Life Cycle

Define

Plan

Organise

Execute

Close (e.g. Weiss & Wysoscki, 1992)

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Project Life Cycles

Some examples …

4-Phase Project Life Cycle

Conceptualise

Plan

Implement

Complete (e.g. Burke, 1999 or later editions)

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Project Life Cycles

Can also have …

Phased Life Cycles

Delivery in stages

Prototyping Life Cycles

e.g. Rapid Application Development

(See Field & Keller, 1998)

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Project Life Cycles

Do not confuse project life cycles

with development life cycles:

Project life cycles are concerned with the overall

management and delivery of the project

Development life cycles are concerned with the

technical aspects of delivery

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Project Life Cycles

For example:

The project life cycles for

a new IT banking system

building a bridge

launching a space probe

could easily be the same...

…but the development life cycles would

certainly be very different

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A Project Life Cycle In Detail

The 4-Phase Project Life Cycle

Conceptualisation

Planning

Implementation

Completion

This will be our ‘default’ project life cycle

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Conceptualisation =

Planning =

Implementation =

Completion =

Project Life Cycle

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Life Cycles

Project life cycle

what are the different stages?

what happens at each stage?

closure and review

execution and

monitoring & control

planning

initiation and definition

Life Cycles Systems development life cycle

what are the different stages?

how does the SDLC relate to the project life cycle?

Start

Initiation

Feasibility

Analysis

Design

Build

Changeover

Review and

Maintenance ?

Systems Development Life Cycle

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Project management life cycle & the SDLC Start

Initiation

Feasibility

Analysis

Design

Build

Changeover

Review and

Maintenance ?

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...are we producing what the user really needs?...

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Any Questions?

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Further Reading Gray CF & Larson EW (2000) Project Management, McGraw-Hill

Cadle J & Yeates D (2001) Project Management for Information Systems, 3rd

edition, Prentice-Hall

Yeates D & Cadle J (1996) Project Management for Information Systems,

2nd edition, Prentice-Hall

Burke R (1999) Project Management: Planning and Control Techniques, 3rd

edition (or more recent editions), Wiley

Central Computer & Telecommunications Agency (1997) PRINCE 2: An

Outline, HMSO

Field M & Keller L (1998) Project Management., Thomson Bus. Press

Maylor H (1999) Project Management (2nd Edition), London: Pitman

PMBoK (1996) A Guide to the Project Management Body of Knowledge,

Project Management Institute, USA

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