CC - Of Work Shop Presentation

8/8/2019 CC - Of Work Shop Presentation

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How To Get Started in The Business

Nicardo Neil The Competitiveness Company


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The Competitiveness Companys Ornamental Fish

Program

y Developing the Ornamental Fish Value Chain inJamaica

y

Targeting Urban Areasy Stimulate and/or Implement Market-led solutions to

Issues of:y Outdated Technology

y Low Volumes

y Low Access to Inputs

y Linkages to Higher Value Markets


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WhatWe Do...y MarketDevelopment Increase the number of OF Exporters; Identify

International Importers and Make Linkages with Local Producers andExporters

y Information Provide Current & New Farmers with Info on Starting up,Upgrading, Financing, Markets, Best Practices, Inputs, links to other farmers,Training, etc.

y Technical Assistance for farmers through Short Term Technical AssistancePrograms

y Work with Financial Institutions to Negotiate Favourable Financing for OF

Farmers

y Develop the Capacity of Local Trainers to Deliver Training more Effectively

y Take A Sector-wide Approach to Developing OF.


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The Future V lue hai

The Si gapore Model

Support Markets

Brood stock Importers(Informal)

Brood stock Importers(Informal) Styrofoam1 Manufacturer

Styrofoam1 ManufacturerHardware

Hardware Fish Food & SupplyWholesalers

Fish Food & SupplyWholesalers

Input Supply

Input Supply

OF Farmers

Production

OF Farmers

Production

Pet Shops

Pet Shops

Domestic

Consumers

Domestic

ConsumersExporters

Exporters

Consolidators/

Agents

Foreign Consumers

Foreign Consumers

JNBS

JNBS

Trainers

Trainers

Extension Officers

Extension Officers

Joint Procurement

Joint Procurement

Trainer Agentson Commission

Trainer Agentson Commission

Train-the-trainer

Train-the-trainer


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Busi ess pportu itiesy Ornamental Fish is an Entrepreneurial Opportunity

not only as a Farmer....

y Breeder

y

Growery Supplier of Feed

y Para-vet/Extension Service Provider

y Fish Farm Installation & Maintenance

y Consolidator Collect & Prepare Fish for Exporty Exporter

y Aquaponics


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The Global Ornamental Fish Trade

Aquarium keeping one of the largest and fastest growing

hobbies worldwide (NABARD, 2007)

Valued at over US$ 8 Billion (Retail sales) (NABARD, 2007)

Annual Growth of 8% per annum The US imports US$ 500 Million/yr

Mostly from Developing Countries

Over 90% of Fish Exported is Freshwater

Industry rebounded well from 1997 & 2001 economic

downturns


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Local Advantages in Exporting

y Jamaicas climate ideal for year-round production

y Tropical Temperature

y No extreme weather (cold or hot)

y Proximity to the Canada & the U.S.

y Short transportation time (reduced stress for fish)

y Competitive Freight rates

y EPA Provides opportunities to access growing Europeanmarkets competitively


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Major Market Statistics

The EU is currently thelargest import market (as aregion) with over 30% (2006)

The US is the largestimporting country with15.7% of global imports

Potential Markets forJamaican Farmers

US

Canada

UKGermany

France

Netherlands

Italy Based on demand and freight logistics (costs &

time)


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Singapore The Worlds Single Largest Exporter

WhatDo TheyDo?

A City-state the size ofKingston with limited land

Strategic locationPerfect climateGood exporting

infrastructureAn efficient network of small

farmers, consolidators and

exporters 20+% of the Global Export

MarketOnly Produces 44% of its

Exports


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Top Ornamental Fish in Demand

Cichlids

Barbs

Angelfish Gouramis

Goldfish

Severum

Mollies

Oscar

Koi

Producing for Export


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Ornamental Fishes Extreme Variety

Species Water Quality Season Breeding Type Egg Type/ Care

Molly Hard water Sp. Summer Live Bearer Young Ones

Guppy Hard water Sp. Summer Live Bearer Young Ones

Platy Hard water Sp. Summer Live Bearer Young Ones

Swordtail Hard water Sp. Summer Live Bearer Young Ones

Gourami Wide Tolerance Summer Nest Builder Male Guard eggs

Rosy Barb Wide Tolerance Summer Egg Scatterer Adhesive

Gold Fish Wide Tolerance Winter Egg Scatterer Adhesive

Danio Wide Tolerance Summer Egg Scatterer Non Adhesive

Fighter Wide Tolerance Summer Nest Builder Male Guard eggs

Catfish Wide Tolerance Winter Egg depositer Enclosures Reqd.Angel Soft Water Summer Egg depositor Parents Fan Eggs

Cichlid Soft Water Summer Egg Depositors Enclosures Reqd.

Tetra Soft Water Summer Egg Scatterer Adhesive

Carp Soft Water Winter Egg Scatterer Adhesive


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The OF Production Cycle

Breeding

Feeding

CaringGrading/Sorting

Selling

Husbandry

Young Fryvs. MatureNutrition

for Growth

QualityChecking;HealthChecks

Separatingby species,

qu

ality,size

Packaging,transportation,

marketing


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Backyard Ornamental Fish Farming

y A re-circulating aquaculture system (RAS) do not require significant space and

uses vats, a system of pipes, air and water pumpsy Less susceptible to natural disasters, birds and predators

y More control over quality and Bio-Diversity

y Cost of a profitable small scale model start-up unit ranges between J$100,000 J$250,000 (# of vats, type of pump, etc.)


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Ill stration 8 at Backyard Farm


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Start- p Eq ipment & Capital Req irementsCapital Req irements for Small Ornamental Fish Farm Set p (as at A g st 2009)

Q antity Item Unit Price (J$) Total (J$)

6 56"

lastic

at 6000 48000

1 Little Giant Energy Efficient Inline

ump 45000 45000*

1 Aquarium Air

ump 5000 5000

1 Pipes & Piping Fixtures 10000 10000

1 Filter Media (e.g. Gravel) 5000 5000

1 10x20 Shade House (Frame & Shade Cloth 15000 15000

10 Glass Tanks (Breeding) 1500 15000

5 Brood Stock (Pairs) 600 3000

1 Filter Trough 4000 4000

Total 150,000

*Note: This pump is energy efficient and results in a 2/3rd reduction in monthly energy costscompared to other, cheaper pumps (and pays for itself in 10 months). Farmers may choose to

get cheaper (higher wattage) pumps to reduce start-up costs (by about $20,000).However,monthly electricity costs will be much higher. At lease 40% of Startup cost ($50,000)

recommended for working capital (spent over 4 month growing cycle)


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Prod ction 8 at Systemy Production Assumptions

y Number of breeding pairs 2y Laying frequency/month 2y Number of eggs per laying pair 500y Number of eggs/laying pair/month 1000y Total yield (fries)/harvest 2000y Mortality Rate (%) 10y Mortality (#) 200y Amount grown out 1800y Grow Out Period (days) 100y Fish Available for Sale/harvest 1800

y Fish will produce at full capacity for 9 months of the year and there will be anoticeable fall in egg-laying (about 25%) in the remaining 3 months.

y With the proper Production Cycle 12 to 15 harvests possible per year


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Main Grow-out VatsFish Produce Ammonia which is

converted into nitrates (nutritiousfor plant growth)

Main Water Catchment(Pump)

Filtration Troughs/Grow BedsPlants use up nitrates and are able to flourish.

They also filter the water.

Water Flow

Aq aponics


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Five Step Export Preparation

Identify fish forexportExamine forparasites & disease

Pre-selectionChecking

Set-up Separateholding area

Continue qualitychecks & medicate

Post-SelectionQuarantine Withhold feeding

Clear water offaecal matter

Acclimatize

Purging

Separate fish bytype, gender, etc.

Sorting &Counting Place sorted fish

into oxygenatedplastic bagsPack in polystyrene

Packaging


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Pre-Selection Checking

yAt least 1 week before fish are ready to beseparated & preparedyCheck for parasites and diseases

yExamine fish for appearance (ragged fins,ulcers, fungal patches, colour)yMake preparations for holding areayEnsure that needed chemicals, treatments

and packing materials are acquired and onhandyNotify Veterinary services of intention to

export Ornamental fish


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Quarantine

yPrepare a separate holding area

yMultiple tanks

y

Clean wateryRe-check fish for parasites, diseases,

appearance and behaviour

yApply treatments required

yAdminister prophylactic treatment such assalt, formalin, Methyl Blue, etc (consult VetServices)


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Purging

yWithhold feeding minimum 2 days and up to 5days

y Egg-laying fish usually require longer

y Siphon faecal matter from water (preventfish from eating faeces)

yClear water signifies fish are sufficientlypurges

y Purging allows fish to clear their digestivetracts. This reduces amount of waste release intransport bags, which maintains water quality.


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Sorting & Counting

yCount and Sort fish into different lotquantities according to size, species andquality.

yHold each group in separate aquaria, trays, orbuckets.yContainers should have adequate water and

air flowyWater exchange rate: minimum 4 times per

dayy Ready packaging material


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Packaging

Fish should beplaced intoplastic bagswithoxygenatedwater, sealed

and placed intopolystyreneboxes

Ideally,

squ

arebottom bagsare best,howeverpillow(regular)

bags may alsobeused


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Other Issuesy Shipping Additivesy Sedatives & Salt widely used to reduce stress and trauma.

Increased activity and stress increases oxygenconsumption during transport, which heightensmortality rates (Quinadine, MS-222, Methylene Blue)

y Temperaturey Different species thrive at different temperatures.

Tropical fish prefer 26C 30C (consult Vet Services)y Oxygen Levels

y

Preferably 60-40 Oxygen to water ratio.y Packing densityy Try to balance need to minimize shipping costs (packing

many fish per container) and to minimize fish mortality(packing less fish per container).


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Summary & Conclusions

y Mortality of Fish during transport is decreased by:y Careful Handlingy Quality water (no faecal matter)y D

iminished stress (use of sedatives andacclimatization)y Screening (examining, sorting and treating fish)y Packaging is an important decision. One must

consideryAmount of fish being shippedy Oxygen levelsy Use of polystyrene boxesy Packing Density


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MarketResearch

Identify a specific export market

Identify specific species

The Competitiveness Company

Training

Get trained in breeding, growing, feeding, care

Identify source of ongoing technical advice

Ministry of Agriculture (Twickenham Park) &Heart Ebony Park

Networking

Develop relationships with exporters or consolidators or importers

Create linkages with other farmers

Make Calls - - Call The CC

Financing

Create Business Plan and Design Fish farm based on requirements

Access financing from targeted MFIs (JN, JBDC)

Production

Set up production schedule

Breed, feed, care, sort

Logistics

Package and Transportation of fish to consolidator or exporter

Getting Started


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Critical Success FactorsProducts The Fish

Logistics

Aggressive Marketing

Training

Networking


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Challenges Identifying markets

Volumes

Packagingarketing

Freight Rates

Transportation & its effect on

ortality

Getting CertifiedExport Logistics

With respect to size, shape, colour

Control of disease, and pests

Bio-securityQuality The cost of feed

An unreliable power grid and constantly rising electricity costs

Production scheduling & throughputProduction

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