THREATS

WAR

INDUSTRIES

TERRORIST ACTS

WAR

Iran/Iraq War

INDUSTRIES ACCIDENT

Bophal 1984

CARBIDE TRAGEDY

1984 86,000 CASUALTIES

TRUCKS TRANSPORTING CHEMICALS FROM ONE POINT TO ANOTHER

TERRORIST

ACTS

SARIN ATTACK

MAC 1995 – TOKYO

12 DEATH AND 3000

CONTAMINATED WITH SARIN

KASUMIGASEKI - 20 March 1995

Terrorist Chemical Weapon

LAB?

Requirement?

Location

Equipment

Knowledge

Manpower

Money

Motivation

Chemical source • Chemical factory (chlorine, peroxides, other industrial gases, plastics, and

pesticides)

• Food processing and storage facilities with large ammonia tanks

• Chemical transportation assets

• Gasoline and jet fuel storage tanks at distribution centres, airports, and

barge terminals

• Compressed gases in tanks, pipelines, and pumping stations

• Gold mine where cyanide and iodine (mercury) used

• Pesticide industries and distributors

• Tertiary, medical and research laboratory

CHALLENGES

MISCONCEPTIONS

•MANY CRITICS OF CURRENT CBRN RESPONSE

EFFORTS APPEAR TO BELIEVE THAT SINCE THEY

CAN IDENTIFY NO CBRN TERRORISM THREAT,

RESPONSES AS A WASTE OF MONEY.

•MANY PEOPLE APPEAR TO BELIEVE THAT THE

SOLE SOURCE OF CBRN THREATS COMES FROM

TERRORIST GROUPS.

INDICATORS – UNNECESSARY MATERIALS

INDICATORS – UNNECESSARY IPE

Pneumatic Disseminator

Utilizing Garage Door Opener

and Electric Solenoid

Package Ready for Delivery

to Target

Pneumatic Disseminator DISSEMINATION

The Acid Container Being

Mated With The Cyanide

The Chemical Reaction Device

Ready For Deployment to Target

Chemical Reaction

The Multi-Tiered

Shopping Mall

“An Ideal Target for a

Mechanical (Frangible)

Dissemination Device”

Mechanical Action

•250 ml Agent Container

•Closure Cap With Burster

Tube

•6.5 Gram Explosive Charge

•Electric Initiator/Detonator

The Optimal

Dissemination Device

IMPACT ASSESSMENT

DOWN WIND HAZARD PREDICTION

HAZARD MANAGEMENT

PROBABLE

TARGET

PROBABLE TARGET

Train Station Subway Station Airport Shopping complex Sport and cultural facilities Food processing factories Government and civilian offices School Hotel Public gathering area (eg: Election Booth, hall) Military camps Reservoir

CONCLUSION