CBR INITIATIVE – FROM GAINFUL OCCUPATION TO

EMPLOYMENT INPROFESSIONS

Dr. Bhushan Punani,Rehabilitation Advisor,

CBM and Chairperson, ICEVI West Asia[1]

INTRODUCTIONINTRODUCTIONINTRODUCTION

Economic Rehabilitation does not mean:

1.A formal2.Secured or 3.Regular employment

only

Economic Rehabilitation Economic Rehabilitation does not mean:does not mean:

1.1.A formalA formal2.2.Secured or Secured or 3.3.Regular employment Regular employment

onlyonly

It also means:Any trade

Economic activity or ProfessionIn the organized or unorganized sectorAny trade that provides monetary remunerationOr gainful occupation

It also means:It also means:Any tradeAny trade

Economic activity or Economic activity or ProfessionProfessionIn the organized or unorganized In the organized or unorganized sectorsectorAny trade that provides Any trade that provides monetary remunerationmonetary remunerationOr gainful occupationOr gainful occupation

Employment ignores a vital aspectCommunity offers opportunities for Absorbing people in gainful occupations

Employment ignores a vital aspectEmployment ignores a vital aspectCommunity offers opportunities for Community offers opportunities for Absorbing people in gainful occupationsAbsorbing people in gainful occupations

Rehabilitating a 50 year old lady in a village Means making her a fully functional In her own house

Rehabilitating a 50 year old lady in a Rehabilitating a 50 year old lady in a village Means making her a fully village Means making her a fully functional In her own house functional In her own house

Helping her to take care of household activitiesAs used to perform prior to her disability

Helping her to take care of household Helping her to take care of household activitiesactivitiesAs used to perform prior to her disabilityAs used to perform prior to her disability

WOMEN IN RURAL AREAS PERFORM ACTIVITIES:

Cook meals Perform household activitiesTake care of children & elderlyFetch water & firewoodUndertake rural occupations

WOMEN IN RURAL AREAS WOMEN IN RURAL AREAS PERFORM ACTIVITIES:PERFORM ACTIVITIES:

Cook meals Cook meals Perform household activitiesPerform household activitiesTake care of children & Take care of children & elderlyelderlyFetch water & firewoodFetch water & firewoodUndertake rural occupationsUndertake rural occupations

Important Pre-requisitesConfidence Training to undertake productionAvailability of raw material Ready market Directly contributing to family incomeEconomic rehabilitation - ultimate goal of CBR

Important PreImportant Pre--requisitesrequisitesConfidence Confidence Training to undertake productionTraining to undertake productionAvailability of raw material Availability of raw material Ready market Ready market Directly contributing to family Directly contributing to family incomeincomeEconomic rehabilitation Economic rehabilitation -- ultimate ultimate goal of CBR goal of CBR

Object vocational rehabilitation include:

Traditional rural craftsSmall businesses & petty shopsSmall co-operativesAgriculture & horticultureTechnical & professional activitiesDairy & animal husbandry

Object vocational rehabilitation Object vocational rehabilitation include:include:

Traditional rural craftsTraditional rural craftsSmall businesses & petty shopsSmall businesses & petty shopsSmall coSmall co--operativesoperativesAgriculture & horticultureAgriculture & horticultureTechnical & professional activitiesTechnical & professional activitiesDairy & animal husbandryDairy & animal husbandry

A resource mapping of project area List opportunities for gainful occupation Involve persons in such activities

A resource mapping of project area A resource mapping of project area List opportunities for gainful occupation List opportunities for gainful occupation Involve persons in such activitiesInvolve persons in such activitiesMethodMethod1983: Nationwide Project on Gainful 1983: Nationwide Project on Gainful Occupation 270 blocksOccupation 270 blocks

8 Million population8 Million populationLivelihood Livelihood -- ultimate goal of any ultimate goal of any development programdevelopment program

Every person to contribute to family Every person to contribute to family incomeincome

Support of Support of INGOsINGOsTraining of field staffTraining of field staffSalaries & Salaries & Travel and incidentalsTravel and incidentals

Support of CommunitySupport of CommunityLocal support Local support Logistic support Logistic support Community resources includingCommunity resources including

Agriculture extension services Agriculture extension services Local craftsmen Local craftsmen Existing coExisting co--operatives operatives Rural banks Rural banks Nationalized banks Nationalized banks Micro credit agenciesMicro credit agenciesCraft training institutes Craft training institutes Employment agenciesEmployment agenciesCommunity development workersCommunity development workersCommunity development servicesCommunity development servicesSubsidy schemesSubsidy schemes

Training of Community WorkersTraining of Community Workers1.1.Individual & family counseling, Individual & family counseling, 2.2.Surgical, medical & therapeutic interventionSurgical, medical & therapeutic intervention3.3.AssistiveAssistive devicesdevices4.4.Barrier free environmentBarrier free environment5.5.Vocational trainingVocational training6.6.Communication skills Communication skills 7.7.Guided, supported & enabled to extend suchGuided, supported & enabled to extend such8.8.A matter of their right A matter of their right 9.9.Imparted orientationImparted orientation

Specific Inputs for Economic Rehabilitation:I.I. Bank loanBank loanII.II. Micro Credit Micro Credit III.III. Subsidy Subsidy IV.IV. Launching grantLaunching grantV.V. Training in income generationTraining in income generationVI.VI. Employment promotion schemeEmployment promotion schemeVII.VII. Schemes of Developmental AgenciesSchemes of Developmental AgenciesVIII.VIII. Support of Local AdministrationSupport of Local AdministrationIX.IX. Support of Service Clubs Support of Service Clubs X.X. Donations from philanthropistsDonations from philanthropists

Monitoring of PerformanceMonitoring of Performancea)a) PrePre--program mappingprogram mappingb)b) Survey of areaSurvey of areac)c) Initial assessment reportInitial assessment reportd)d) Weekly review meetingsWeekly review meetingse)e) Monthly Physical PerformanceMonthly Physical Performancef)f) Monthly Financial PerformanceMonthly Financial Performanceg)g) Quarterly reportsQuarterly reportsh)h) Case completion reportCase completion reporti)i) Project completion reportProject completion reportj)j) Collected at a central locationCollected at a central locationk)k) Analyzed on regular basisAnalyzed on regular basis

ResultsResults>100,000 persons provided gainful >100,000 persons provided gainful occupationoccupationContributory members of communityContributory members of communityEnrolment of 1000s children in regular Enrolment of 1000s children in regular schoolsschoolsMany pursuing higher educationMany pursuing higher educationProfessional training alsoProfessional training alsoInitiative on gainful occupationInitiative on gainful occupationEmerging as a movement on Emerging as a movement on employment in professions, formal jobs employment in professions, formal jobs and selfand self--employment employment

Examples of Traditional Rural CraftsCarpentry, broom and basket making, poultry keeping, food processing, farming, knitting / sewing, bread making, dairy farming, forestry, brick making, pottery / selling pots, leaf plate making, bone setting, weaving, rope making, goat / sheep keeping, preaching, pump repairing, bicycle repair, fishnet making, duck keeping, petty shop-keeping, foot-wear making, inland fishing, sericulture, rice puffing, rice husking, bee keeping, rice processing, water hut, wick making,hide processing, skinning dead animals, coir products, fence fabrication, vegetable selling, incense stick making, candle making, mat weaving and block printing.

Examples of Professional ActivitiesExamples of Professional Activities::Due to introduction of school & higher educationDue to introduction of school & higher educationProfessional trainingProfessional trainingNow pursuing professional activitiesNow pursuing professional activitiesImpetus from national legislationImpetus from national legislationReservation of admissions to educational institutesReservation of admissions to educational institutesReservation in employment Reservation in employment

ExamplesExamples: : Offset printing,Offset printing, computer programming, computer programming, stenography, stenography, telephone operating, telephone operating, hair and care, hair and care, beautician, beautician, physiotherapy,physiotherapy, office management,office management, marketing, marketing, screen printing,screen printing,painting, painting, fashion design, fashion design, solicitors, solicitors, lawyers,lawyers, judicial services, judicial services, animation film making, animation film making, playing music instruments, playing music instruments, singing, singing, tailoring, tailoring, embroidery, embroidery, public relations, public relations, teaching and hospital teaching and hospital management etcmanagement etc..

Shift from merely income generating Shift from merely income generating activities to self employment to activities to self employment to professional activitiesprofessional activities

Now joining professional courses, Now joining professional courses, engineering colleges, medical colleges, engineering colleges, medical colleges, industrial training institutes, institutes of industrial training institutes, institutes of management courses at graduate, postmanagement courses at graduate, post--graduate & doctorate level.graduate & doctorate level.

DiscussionDiscussionAny approach basic in natureAny approach basic in natureImplemented over many yearsImplemented over many yearsIn a planned wayIn a planned wayProvides outstanding resultsProvides outstanding resultsCBR potential for providing basic gainful CBR potential for providing basic gainful occupationoccupationPromotion equal opportunities in professional Promotion equal opportunities in professional employmentemploymentFocus is rehabilitation promotes appropriate Focus is rehabilitation promotes appropriate educationeducationResults into formal employment & professional Results into formal employment & professional activitiesactivitiesInbuilt capacity to benefit persons Inbuilt capacity to benefit persons As per their potential, socioAs per their potential, socio--economic economic environment and individual capacityenvironment and individual capacity.

ConclusionConclusionCBR encompasses health, education, CBR encompasses health, education, inclusion & livelihoodinclusion & livelihoodEnsuring acceptance in educational & Ensuring acceptance in educational & professionals institutes professionals institutes Acceptance in a variety of Acceptance in a variety of professionsprofessionsAdopted in many countries in Africa, Adopted in many countries in Africa, South Asia & South East AsiaSouth Asia & South East AsiaIn consonance with CBR Matrix andIn consonance with CBR Matrix andCBR Guidelines (WHO)CBR Guidelines (WHO)

ConclusionConclusionRequires a shift from service delivery Requires a shift from service delivery to right based approachto right based approachFrom integration to inclusionFrom integration to inclusionFrom family participation to From family participation to community ownershipcommunity ownershipFrom providing gainful occupation to From providing gainful occupation to professional training professional training From needFrom need--based training to based training to empowerment of individuals.empowerment of individuals.